List of government space agencies

Last updated

Government space agencies, established by governments of countries and regional agencies (groupings of countries) are established as a means for advocating for engaging in activities related to outer space, exploitation of space systems, and/or space exploration. The listings summarize all countries' and regional authorities' space agencies with a comparative summary of demonstrated capabilities.

Contents

The objectives include national prestige, exploitation of remote sensing information, communications, education, and economic development. These agencies tend to be civil in nature (vs military) and serve to advance the benefits of exploitation and/or exploration of space. They span the spectrum from old organizations with small budgets to mature national or regional enterprises such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States, the European Space Agency (ESA) which coordinates for more than 20 constituent countries, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities (Roscosmos) of Russia, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and the China National Space Agency (CNSA).

The space agency listings are segregated to enable identification of subsets of the complete list that have advanced to higher levels or technical or programmatic proficiency in accordance with the following:

Overview

As of 2024, nearly 80 different government space agencies are in existence, including more than 70 national space agencies and several international agencies.

Overview of space agencies
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Country or
organization
NameAcronymFoundedFirst space travelerOperates satellitesBuilds satellitesRecoverable payloads capable
Flag of the African Union.svg  African Union African Space Agency AfSA24 January 2023Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Algerian Space Agency ASAL16 Jan 2002 [1] Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Alcomsat-1)
Check-green.svg
(AlSAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales [2] CONAE1961 (CNIE)
28 May 1991 (CONAE)
Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Nahuel 1A)
Check-green.svg
(ARSAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Australian Space Agency [3] ASA1986 (NSP)
1 Jul 2018 (ASA) [4] [5]
Check-green.svg
(Paul Scully-Power)
Check-green.svg
(Aussat A1)
Check-green.svg
(WRESAT)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Austrian Space Agency [6] [7] ALR12 Jul 1972Check-green.svg
(Franz Viehböck)
Check-green.svg
(TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE)
Check-green.svg
(TUGSAT-1/UniBRITE)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan Space Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azercosmos) [8] Azercosmos2010Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Azerspace-1)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization [9] SPARRSO1980Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Bangabandhu-1)
Check-green.svg
(BRAC Onnesha)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy [10] BIRA
IASB
BISA
Nov 25, 1964Check-green.svg
(Dirk Frimout)
Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(PROBA-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Brazilian Space Agency [11] [12] AEB10 Feb 1994Check-green.svg
(Marcos Pontes)
Check-green.svg
(Brasilsat A1)
Check-green.svg
(Amazônia-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria Bulgarian Space Agency [13] SRI-BAS
STIL-BAS
1987Check-green.svg
(Georgi Ivanov)
Check-green.svg
(Bulgaria 1300)
Check-green.svg
(Bulgaria 1300)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Canadian Space Agency [14] CSA
ASC
1 Mar 1989Check-green.svg
(Marc Garneau)
Check-green.svg
(Alouette 1)
Check-green.svg
(Alouette 1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Chilean Space Agency CSA2001Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China China National Space Administration [15] CNSA22 Apr 1993Check-green.svg
(Yang Liwei)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Dong Fang Hong 1)
Check-green.svg
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica Costa Rican Space Agency ( Agencia Espacial Costarricense ) [16] AEC2021Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Irazú)
Check-green.svg
(Irazú)
Dark Red x.svg
International
Flag of Italy.svg Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg British National Space Centre (BNSC)
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canadian Space Agency (CSA)
Flag of France.svg Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China National Space Administration (CNSA)
Flag of Germany.svg Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR)
Not the esa logo.png European Space Agency (ESA)
Flag of Brazil.svg Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)
Flag of Japan.svg Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
Flag of the United States.svg National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Flag of Russia.svg Russian Federal Space Agency (RFSA)
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems [17] CCSDS1982Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Committee on Space Research [18] [19] [20] COSPAR1958Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Czech Space Office [21] CSO2003 [22] Check-green.svg
(Vladimír Remek)
Check-green.svg
(Magion 4)
Check-green.svg
(VZLUSAT-2)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Danish National Space Center [23] DNSC
DTU Space
1 Jan 1968 (DSRI)
1 Jan 2005 (DNSC)
Check-green.svg
(Andreas Mogensen)
Check-green.svg
(Ørsted)
Check-green.svg
(Ørsted)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Egyptian Space Agency [24] [25] EGSA
NARSS [26]
EASRT-RSC
2018
1994
1971–1994
Check-green.svg
(Sara Sabry)
Check-green.svg
(EgyptSat 1)
Check-green.svg
(NARSSCube-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador Instituto Aeroespacial de El Salvador(Esai) [27] [28] ESAI2021Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute [29] ESSTI
14 Oct 2016Dark Red x.svg
Check-green.svg
ETRSS-1
Check-green.svg
ETRSS-1
Dark Red x.svg
European Space Agency [30] [31] ESA
ASE
EWO
1964 (ESRO/ELDO)
30 May 1975 (ESA)
Check-green.svg
(Ulf Merbold)
Check-green.svg
(Cos-B)
Check-green.svg
(Cos-B)
Check-green.svg
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union European Union Agency for the Space Programme [32] EUSPA12 Jul 2004 (GSA)
21 May 2021 (EUSPA)
Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of France.svg  France National Centre for Space Studies [33] CNES19 Dec 1961Check-green.svg
(Jean-Loup Chrétien)
Check-green.svg
(Astérix)
Check-green.svg
(Astérix)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany German Aerospace Center [34] DLR1969Check-green.svg
(Sigmund Jähn)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Azur)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana Ghana Space Science and Technology Centre [35] GSSTI
2 Apr 2012Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(GhanaSat-1)
Check-green.svg
(GhanaSat-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Hellenic Space Centre
Ελληνικό Κέντρο Διαστήματος [36]
HSC
ΕΛΚΕΔ
9 Aug 2019Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Hellas Sat 2)
Check-green.svg
(UPSat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Hungarian Space Office MŰI
HSO
Jan 1992Check-green.svg
(Bertalan Farkas)
Check-green.svg
(MaSat-1)
Check-green.svg
(MaSat-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of India.svg  India Indian Space Research Organisation [37] [38] [39] ISRO
इसरो
1962 (INCOSPAR)
15th Aug 1969 (ISRO)
Check-green.svg
(Rakesh Sharma)
Check-green.svg
(Aryabhata)
Check-green.svg
(Aryabhata)
Check-green.svg
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia Indonesian Space Agency (Previously known as LAPAN) [40] INASANov 27, 1964Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Palapa-A1)
Check-green.svg
(Lapan-TUBsat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Iranian Space Agency ISA [41] [42] 2004Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Sina-1)
Check-green.svg [43]
(Omid)
Check-green.svg
(Pishgam)
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel Israeli Space Agency ISA
סוכנות החלל הישראלית
Apr 1983Check-green.svg
(Ilan Ramon)
Check-green.svg
(Ofeq-1)
Check-green.svg
(Shavit 2)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Italian Space Agency [44] [45] ASI1988Check-green.svg
(Franco Malerba)
Check-green.svg
(San Marco 1)
Check-green.svg
(San Marco 1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [46] [47] JAXA
ジャクサ
1 Oct 2003Check-green.svg
(Toyohiro Akiyama)
Check-green.svg
(Ohsumi)
Check-green.svg
(Ohsumi)
Check-green.svg
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan National Space Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan [48] KazCosmos
KazKosmos
27 Mar 2007Check-green.svg
(Toktar Aubakirov)
Check-green.svg
(KazSat-1)
Check-green.svg
(Al Farabi-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Kenya Space Agency [49] KSA
7 Mar 2017Dark Red x.svg
Check-green.svg
(1KUNS-PF)
Check-green.svg
(1KUNS-PF)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea National Aerospace Technology Administration NATA1980s (KCST)

2013 (NADA) 2023 (NATA)

Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2)
Check-green.svg
(Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Korea AeroSpace Administration KASA27 May 2024Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Korea Aerospace Research Institute [50] KARI10 Oct 1989Check-green.svg
(Yi So-yeon)
Check-green.svg
(Koreasat 1)
Check-green.svg
(KITSAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
CELAC.svg CELAC Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency ALCE2022 [51] Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Lithuanian Space Association [52] LSA [53] 2007Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(LituanicaSAT-1)
Check-green.svg
(LituanicaSAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Luxembourg Space Agency [54] LSASep 2018Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Astra 1A)
Check-green.svg
(KSM (Kleos Scouting Mission))
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Malaysia 23px.svg  Malaysia Malaysian Space Agency [55] MYSA2002Check-green.svg
(Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor)
Check-green.svg
(MEASAT-1)
Check-green.svg
(TiungSAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico Mexican Space Agency [56] AEM30 Jul 2010Check-green.svg
(Rodolfo Vela)
Check-green.svg
(Morelos I)
Check-green.svg
(UNAMSAT B) [57]
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia National Remote Sensing Center of Mongolia [58] NRSC1991Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Mazaalai)
Check-green.svg
(Mazaalai)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Royal Center for Remote Sensing [59]
Centre Royal de Télédétection Spatiale
Ammas Amrrukan n Tallunt
(المركز الملكي للإستشعار البعدي الفضائي)
CRTSDec 1989Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Maroc-Tubsat)
Check-green.svg
(Maroc-Tubsat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Netherlands Institute for Space Research [60] SRON1983Check-green.svg
(Wubbo Ockels)
Check-green.svg
(ANS)
Check-green.svg
(ANS)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand New Zealand Space Agency
NZSAApr 2016Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
( Humanity Star )
Check-green.svg
( Humanity Star )
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria National Space Research and Development Agency [61] NASRDA1998Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Nigeriasat-1)
Check-green.svg
(Nigeria EduSat-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Norwegian Space Agency [62] NRS
NSC
1987Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Thor 2)
Check-green.svg
(nCube-2)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission [63] SUPARCO
سپارکو
16 Sep 1961 (started working from 1964)Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Badr-1)
Check-green.svg
(Badr-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Paraguayan Space Agency (Agencia Espacial de Paraguay) [64] AEP26 Mar 2014Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(GuaraníSat-1)
Check-green.svg
(GuaraníSat-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development [65] CONIDA11 Jun 1974Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Chasqui I)
Check-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines Philippine Space Agency [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] PhilSA2014 (DOSTASTI)
8 August 2019 (PhilSA)
Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Agila-1)
Check-green.svg
(Diwata-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Polish Space Agency [71] POLSA29 Sep 1976 (CBK PAN)
26 Sep 2014 (POLSA)
Check-green.svg
(Mirosław Hermaszewski)
Check-green.svg
(Lem)
Check-green.svg
(Lem)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Portugal Space [72] [73] PTSPACE2019Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(PoSAT-1)
Check-green.svg
(PoSAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Romanian Space Agency [74] ASR
ROSA
1991Check-green.svg
(Dumitru Prunariu)
Check-green.svg
(Goliat)
Check-green.svg
(Goliat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities Roscosmos
Роскосмос
25 Feb 1992Check-green.svg
(Aleksandr Volkov)
Check-green.svg
(Kosmos 2175)
Check-green.svg
(Kosmos 2175)
Check-green.svg
(Soyuz TM-14)
Flag of Rwanda.svg  Rwanda Rwanda Space Agency [75] RSA2021Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(RWASAT-1)
Check-green.svg
(RWASAT-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Saudi Space Agency [76] SSA1977 (KACST-SRI)
2018 (SSC/SSA)
Check-green.svg
(Sultan Bin Salman)
Check-green.svg
(Arabsat-1A)
Check-green.svg
(SaudiSat-4)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore Centre for Remote Imaging, Sensing and Processing [77] CRISP1995Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(ST-1)
Check-green.svg
(X-Sat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa South African National Space Agency [78] SANSA9 Dec 2010Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(SUNSAT)
Check-green.svg
(SUNSAT)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union Soviet space program СССР
Космическая программа
1955
disbanded 25 Dec 1991
Check-green.svg
(Yuri Gagarin)
Check-green.svg
(Sputnik 1)
Check-green.svg
(Sputnik 1)
Check-green.svg
(Korabl-Sputnik 2)
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Agencia Espacial Española [79] [80] [81] AEE2023Check-green.svg
(Pedro Duque)
Check-green.svg
(Hispasat 1A)
Check-green.svg
(Intasat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Swedish National Space Agency [82] SNSA1972Check-green.svg
(Christer Fuglesang)
Check-green.svg
(Viking)
Check-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Swiss Space Office [83] [84] SSO1998Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(SwissCube-1)
Check-green.svg
(SwissCube-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Syrian Space Agency [85] [86] [87] [88] SSA18 Mar 2014Check-green.svg
(Muhammed Faris)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan Taiwan Space Agency [89] TASA3 Oct 1991Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(ST-1)
Check-green.svg
(Formosat-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency [90] GISTDA
สทอภ
3 Nov 2000Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Thaicom 1)
Check-green.svg
(KNACKSAT)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia French : Centre national de la cartographie et de la télédétection
(Arabic : المركز الوطني للإستشعار عن بعد)
(National Remote Sensing Center of Tunisia) [91]
CNCT1988Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Challenge-1)
Check-green.svg
(Challenge-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Turkish Space Agency
(Türkiye Uzay Ajansı) [92] [93] [94] [95]
TUA1985 (TÜBİTAK UZAY)
13 Dec 2018 (TUA)
Check-green.svg
(Alper Gezeravcı)
Check-green.svg
(Türksat 1A)
Check-green.svg
(Göktürk-2)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan Turkmenistan National Space Agency [96] TNSA2011Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(TürkmenÄlem52E / MonacoSAT)
Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine State Space Agency of Ukraine [97] SSAU2 Mar 1992Check-green.svg
(Leonid Kadeniuk)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Sich-1)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre [98] UAESA2014Check-green.svg
(Hazza Al Mansouri)
Check-green.svg
(Thuraya 2)
Check-green.svg
(KhalifaSat)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom United Kingdom Space Agency [99] UKSA1 Apr 2010Check-green.svg
(Helen Sharman)
Check-green.svg
(Ariel 1)
Check-green.svg
(Prospero)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of the United Nations.svg  United Nations United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space [100] UNCOPUOSDec 12, 1959
Flag of the United Nations.svg  United Nations United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs [101] UNOOSA13 Dec 1958
Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration [102] NASA29 Jul 1958Check-green.svg
(Alan Shepard)
Check-green.svg
(Explorer 1)
Check-green.svg
(Explorer 1)
Check-green.svg
(Discoverer 13)
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan The Space Research and Technology Agency under the Ministry of
Digital Technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan
[103]
Uzbekspace agency2019Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities [104] ABAE1 Jan 2008Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(Venesat-1)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam Vietnam National Space Center ( Trung tâm Vũ trụ Việt Nam ) [105] TTVTVN or VNSC
VAST-VNSC
20 Nov 2006Check-green.svg
(Phạm Tuân)
Check-green.svg
(Vinasat-1)
Check-green.svg
(F-1)
Dark Red x.svg

Launch capability

This group of agencies have developed or are developing launch infrastructure including space launch sites, suborbital launch technology, orbital launch systems, and reusable hardware technologies.

Overview of space agency launch capabilities
AgencyDemonstrated capability
Operates launch siteSuborbital launch capableOrbital launch capableCryogenic rocket engine useReusable systems use
Flag of Argentina.svg CONAE [2] Check-green.svg [106]
(Punta Indio)
Check-green.svg [107]
(Orión)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Australia (converted).svg ASA [3] [4] Check-green.svg
(Woomera)
Check-green.svg [108]
(Long Tom)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Brazil.svg AEB [11] [12] Check-green.svg [109]
(Alcântara)
Check-green.svg
(VSB-30)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg CSA Check-green.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg CNSA [15] Check-green.svg
(Jiuquan)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Long March 1)
Check-green.svg
(YF-73)
Check-green.svg
ESA Check-green.svg
(Kourou)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Ariane 1)
Check-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of France.svg CNES [33] Check-green.svg
(Kourou)
Check-green.svg
(Véronique)
Check-green.svg
(Diamant A)
Check-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of India.svg ISRO [37] [38] [39] Check-green.svg
(Sriharikota)
Check-green.svg
(RH-75)
Check-green.svg
(SLV)
Check-green.svg
(CE-20) (CE-7.5)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Iran.svg Iranian Space Agency [110] Check-green.svg
(Semnan)
Check-green.svg
(Safir)
Check-green.svg
(Safir)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Israel.svg Israel Space Agency [111] Check-green.svg
(Palmachim Airbase)
Check-green.svg
(Shavit 2)
Check-green.svg
(Shavit 2)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Italy.svg ASI) [112] Check-green.svg
(Salto di Quirra)
Check-green.svgDark Red x.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Japan.svg JAXA [46] Check-green.svg
(Uchinoura)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Lambda-4S)
Check-green.svg
(LE-7)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of North Korea.svg KCST Check-green.svg
(Sohae)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg [113]
(Unha-3)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of South Korea.svg KARI [114] Check-green.svg
(Naro)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Nuri)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Mexico.svg MSA Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of New Zealand.svg NZSA Check-green.svg
(Mahia)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Pakistan.svg SUPARCO [115] Check-green.svg
(Sonmiani Flight Test Range)
Check-green.svg
(Rehbar-I)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Poland.svg POLSA Check-green.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Russia.svg Roscosmos Check-green.svg
(Plesetsk)
Check-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Soyuz-U)
Check-green.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet space program Check-green.svg
(Baikonur)
Check-green.svg
(GIRD-09)
Check-green.svg
(R-7 Sputnik)
Check-green.svg
(KVD-1)
Check-green.svg
(Buran)
Flag of Sweden.svg SNSA [116] Check-green.svg
(Esrange)
Check-green.svg
(Maser)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Ukraine.svg SSAU [117] Dark Red x.svgCheck-green.svgCheck-green.svg
(Dnepr)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg UKSA Check-green.svgCheck-green.svgCheck-green.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the United States.svg NASA [102] Check-green.svg
(Cape Canaveral)
Check-green.svg
(WAC Corporal)
Check-green.svg
(Juno I)
Check-green.svg
(RL10)
Check-green.svg
(Space Shuttle)

Extraterrestrial exploration capability

This group of agencies have developed advanced technological capabilities required for travel and study of other heavenly bodies within the Solar System. These involve the capacity to leave the local area around the planet Earth for lunar and/or missions to other bodies in the Solar System.

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial exploration capability
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Operates flyby spacecraftOperates extraterrestrial orbiterControlled surface impactUncrewed soft landingUncrewed rover operation Sample return
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg CNSA [118] Check-green.svg
(Chang'e 5-T1)
Check-green.svg
(Chang'e 1)
Check-green.svg
(Chang'e 1)
Check-green.svg
(Chang'e 3)
Check-green.svg
(Yutu-1)
Check-green.svg
(Chang'e 5)
ESA [119] Check-green.svg
(Ulysses)
Check-green.svg
(Mars Express)
Check-green.svg
(Rosetta)
Check-green.svg
(Huygens)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of India.svg ISRO [120] Check-green.svg
(Chandrayaan-3)
Check-green.svg
(Chandrayaan-1)
Check-green.svg
(Moon Impact Probe) [39]
Check-green.svg
(Chandrayaan-3)
Check-green.svg
(Pragyan)
Dark Red x.svg
Flag of Japan.svg JAXA [121] Check-green.svg
(Hiten)
Check-green.svg
(Hiten)
Check-green.svg
(Hiten)
Check-green.svg
(Hayabusa)
Check-green.svg
(MINERVA-II)
Check-green.svg
(Hayabusa)
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet space program Check-green.svg
(Luna 1)
Check-green.svg
(Luna 10)
Check-green.svg
(Luna 2)
Check-green.svg
(Luna 9)
Check-green.svg
(Lunokhod 1)
Check-green.svg
(Luna 16)
Flag of the United States.svg NASA Check-green.svg
(Pioneer 4)
Check-green.svg
(Lunar Orbiter 1)
Check-green.svg
(Ranger 7)
Check-green.svg
(Surveyor 1)
Check-green.svg
(Sojourner)
Check-green.svg
(Apollo 11)

Without launch capabilities

This category is formed by agencies that operate and construct satellites in extraterrestrial environments, but do not have the capability to transport those satellites to the desired orbit/trajectory/landing spot. As far as we know as of the 10th May 2024, five space agencies have achieved the requirements to be listed here: [a]

Overview of space agencies extraterrestrial satellite operation and constructing capabilities.
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Operates extraterrestrial orbiterControlled surface impactUncrewed soft landingUncrewed rover operation Sample return
Flag of Luxembourg.svg LuxSpace Check-green.svg
(Manfred Memorial Moon Mission, flyby only)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Italy.svg ASI Check-green.svg
(ArgoMoon)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of South Korea.svg KARI Check-green.svg
(Danuri)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg UAESA Check-green.svg
(Emirates Mars Mission)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Pakistan.svg SUPARCO Check-green.svg
(ICUBE-Q)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg

Human spaceflight capability

This small group of countries/space agencies have demonstrated the highest technological capacity with systems and solutions that support human spaceflight along with the ancillary technological capabilities to support human activity in orbit and/or on extraterrestrial bodies. The missions identified (and personnel when appropriate) are the first successful accomplishments of each activity.

Overview of space agencies human spaceflight capability
Space agencyDemonstrated capability
Crewed space launch EVA Rendezvous and dockingSpace stationCrewed circumlunar flightCrewed Moon landing
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg CNSA Check-green.svg
(Shenzhou 5)
Check-green.svg
(Shenzhou 7)
Check-green.svg
(Shenzhou 8 to Tiangong-1)
Check-green.svg
(Tiangong-1)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of India.svg ISRO Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgCheck-green.svg
(SDX01 to SDX02 — as part of SpaDeX)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of Russia.svg Roscosmos Check-green.svg
(Soyuz TM-14)
Check-green.svg
(Mir, Aleksandr Volkov and Sergei Krikalev)
Check-green.svg
(Soyuz TM-14 to ISS)
Check-green.svg
(Mir)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet space program Check-green.svg
(Vostok 1)
Check-green.svg
(Voskhod 2,
Alexei Leonov)
Check-green.svg
(Soyuz 4 to
Soyuz 5)
Check-green.svg
(Salyut 1)
Dark Red x.svgDark Red x.svg
Flag of the United States.svg NASA [102] Check-green.svg
(Mercury-Redstone 3)
Check-green.svg
(Gemini 4,
Ed White)
Check-green.svg
(Gemini 8 to GATV)
Check-green.svg
(Skylab)
Check-green.svg
(Apollo 8)
Check-green.svg
(Apollo 11)

Proposed agencies

Budgets

The annual budgets listed are the official budgets of national space agencies available in public domain. [155] [156] For European contributors to ESA, the national budgets shown include also their contributions to ESA.

Budgets of space agencies
AgencyBudget
(US$
millions)
YearReference
Flag of the United States.svg NASA 25,4002025 [157] [158]
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg CNSA 18,1502023 [159]
ESA 7,7902024 [160] [161]
Flag of France.svg CNES 3,5212022 [162]
Flag of Japan.svg JAXA 2,3882022 [163]
Flag of Russia.svg Roscosmos 2,0112022 [164]
Flag of India.svg ISRO 1,8312022 [165] [166]
Flag of Italy.svg ASI 1,6852024 [167]
Flag of Germany.svg GAC 1,4242021 [168]
Flag of Spain.svg AEE 7392023 [169]
Flag of South Korea.svg KARI 7012021 [170]
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg UKSA 6042021 [171]
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg CSA 4602019 [172]
Flag of Algeria.svg ASA 3942020 [173]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg ISAB2602020 [174]
Flag of Iran.svg ISA, ISRC and ARI 2222024 [175]
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg SSO 1772019 [160]
Flag of the Netherlands.svg NSO 1502022 [176]
Flag of Sweden.svg SNSA 1202022 [177]
Flag of Ukraine.svg SSAU 1072022 [178]
Flag of Norway.svg NSA 1032019 [179]
Flag of Turkey.svg TSA 662025 [180]
Flag of Austria.svg ASA 752020 [181]
Flag of Brazil.svg BSA 682022 [182]
Flag of Poland.svg PSA 642020 [183]
Flag of Argentina.svg CONAE 632022 [184]
Flag of Indonesia.svg NIAS 542022 [185] [186]
Flag of Pakistan.svg SUPARCO 502019 [187] [188]
Flag of the Philippines.svg PSA 382019 [189]
Flag of Nigeria.svg NSRDA 362020 [190]
Flag of Australia (converted).svg ASA 352020 [191] [192]
Flag of Israel.svg ISA 172020 [193]
Flag of South Africa.svg SANSA 152020 [194]
Flag of Portugal.svg AEP 92023 [195]
Flag of Mexico.svg MASA 42022 [196]
Flag of Chile.svg CSA12014
Earth symbol (fixed width).svg World~62,000

See also

Notes

    • Failed projects like "Colmena" of the MSA/AEM (Mexican Space Agency/Agencia Espacial Mejicana) are not included in this list.
    • ISA (Israel Space Agency) does have launch vehicles (Shavit 2) but not powerful enough to reach further than Earth orbit.
    • This list doesn't include the previous space agencies.

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