Marc Garneau

See also: 2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election

Garneau was narrowly re-elected in the 2011 election where he beat New Democratic Party candidate Joanne Corbeil. He was Liberal House leader and served from 2013 as Liberal foreign affairs critic. He was a candidate for interim leadership of the Liberal Party, but was ultimately defeated by Bob Rae. ^{[25] [26]} Garneau announced later that year that he was considering a bid for the permanent leadership of the party. ^[27] In the summer of 2012, he announced that he was looking for a "dream team" to run his leadership bid and that he would only run if he could find the right people. ^{[28] [29]}

On November 21, 2012, Garneau was named his party's natural resources critic after David McGuinty resigned the post. ^[30]

On November 28, 2012, Garneau announced his bid for the leadership of the Liberal Party, placing a heavy focus on the economy. ^{[31] [32]} While fellow leadership candidate Justin Trudeau was widely seen as the front-runner in the race, Garneau was thought to be his main challenger among the candidates. ^[33] With his entrance into the leadership race he resigned his post as Liberal House leader, while remaining the party's critic for natural resources. ^[34]

At the press conference announcing his candidacy Garneau ruled out any form of co-operation with the Green Party or New Democratic Party to help defeat the Conservative Party in the next election, which was proposed by leadership candidate Joyce Murray. ^[35]

Garneau and other members of Trudeau's cabinet welcoming U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security John F. Kelly in March 2017

On January 30, 2013, Garneau was replaced as natural resources critic by Ted Hsu. Garneau had been serving in the position on an interim basis. ^[36] On March 13, 2013 Garneau announced his withdrawal from the race, and threw his support to front-runner Justin Trudeau. On September 18, 2013, Garneau was named co-chair of the Liberal International Affairs Council of Advisors, providing advice on foreign and defence issues to Liberal Party of Canada leader Justin Trudeau. ^{[37] [38]}

Minister of Transport in the 42nd Parliament

In the 2015 elections held on October 19, 2015, Garneau was re-elected as MP in the newly created riding of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount. Two weeks later, on November 4, 2015, Garneau was appointed the minister of transport by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.

In May 2017, Garneau introduced an airline passenger bill of rights to standardize how passengers can be treated by airlines which operate any flights in and out of Canada. The legislation would create minimum compensation rates for overbooking, lost or damaged luggage, and bumping passengers off flights. It would also prohibit airlines from removing people from the flight if they have purchased a ticket and set the standard for tarmac delays and airline treatment of passengers when flights are delayed or cancelled over events in the airline's control, or because of weather conditions. ^[39]

Garneau meets with U.S. Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken in Reykjavik in May 2021.

In March 2019, after days of initial refusal to take actions following the crash of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, Garneau who had even gone so far as to say on 11 March that he would board 737 MAX 8 "without hesitation" as an apparent show of support for the Boeing Company, ^[40] finally agreed on 13 March to ground and prohibit all Boeing 737 Max aircraft from flying in Canadian airspace. ^[41] The Trump administration followed suit later that day. ^[42] This stood in contrast to the ministry's previous stance, where Garneau insisted the plane was safe to fly, thus making Canada one of the only two nations still flying a substantial number of Boeing 737 Max planes at the time. ^{[43] [44]}

Minister of Foreign Affairs in the 43rd Parliament

Garneau continued to serve as Minister of Transport after the elections to the 43rd Parliament held in October 2019. He was at Transport for the first two years of the Covid-19 pandemic, and thus he was responsible to enforce the Quarantine Act as lieutenant to the Minister of Health Patty Hajdu; during this time he made many decisions that would affect the lives of travellers in co-ordination with Hadju. ^{[45] [46] [47]}

Garneau then served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from January 12, 2021 until October 26, 2021. ^[24] On January 12, 2021, following the resignation of Navdeep Bains as minister of innovation, science and industry, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau shuffled the Cabinet, with Garneau becoming Minister of Foreign Affairs and Omar Alghabra taking his place at Transport. ^[48] Garneau was described as one of the most qualified and capable members of Cabinet. ^{[49] [50] [51]}

Member of 44th Parliament and retirement

Following the cabinet reshuffle stemming from the election in October 2021, Garneau was dropped from Cabinet on October 26, despite being re-elected to his seat in the House. ^[52] Some have speculated that Garneau did not remain in cabinet due to his age, being sacrificed in the name of gender parity, and that he reportedly refused to be subservient to the Prime Minister’s Office. ^{[49] [50] [51]}

On March 8, 2023, Garneau announced that he would resign his seat and retire from politics. ^[53] He gave his farewell speech in the House of Commons the same day. ^{[54] [55]} The by-election to replace him in parliament occurred June 19, 2023. ^[56] Liberal Anna Gainey succeeded him, with almost as big a majority of votes as Garneau had won previously.

The Honourable Marc Garneau PC CC CD
Garneau in 2018
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office January 12, 2021 –October 26, 2021

Ribbon	Description	Notes
	Companion of the Order of Canada (C.C.)	Awarded on: May 8, 2003 Invested on: December 12, 2003 [57]
	Officer of the Order of Canada (O.C.)	Awarded on: December 17, 1984 Invested on: April 10, 1985 [57]
	125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal	1993 As an officer of the Order of Canada, he has also received the 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal. [58]
	Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal for Canada	2002 As an officer of the Order of Canada, he has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal of Canada Medal. [58] [59] Canadian version
	Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal for Canada	2012 * As a Companion of the Order of Canada, and an elected Member of Parliament he has also received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal. [58] [60] Canadian version
	Canadian Forces' Decoration (C.D.)	For 12 years of service within the Canadian Armed Forces.

Garneau was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1984 in recognition of his role as the first Canadian astronaut. He was promoted the rank of Companion within the order in 2003 for his extensive work with Canada's space program.

He was awarded the Canadian Forces' Decoration for 12 years of honourable service with the Canadian Forces.

He is honoured with a high school named after him, Marc Garneau Collegiate Institute in Toronto ^[61] and É.S.P. Marc-Garneau ^[62] in Trenton, Ontario.

Garneau is the Honorary Captain of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets. In addition, n^o 599 Royal Canadian Air Cadets squadron is named in his honour.

Garneau was awarded the Key to the City of Ottawa from Marion Dewar the Mayor of Ottawa on December 10, 1984. ^{[63] [64]}

He was inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame in 1992. ^[65]

Honorary degrees

Location	Date	School	Degree
Ontario	May 17, 1985	Royal Military College of Canada	Doctor of Military Science (DMSc) [66]
Nova Scotia	1985	Technical University of Nova Scotia	Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng) [67]
Quebec	1985	Laval University
Quebec	1990	Royal Military College Saint-Jean
Ontario	1997	University of Ottawa	Doctor of the University (D.Univ) [68]
Alberta	Spring 2001	University of Lethbridge	Doctor of Science (D.Sc) [69]
Ontario	Spring 2002	York University	Doctor of Science (D.Sc) [70]
Quebec	December 2004	Concordia University	Doctor of Laws (LL.D) [71]
Ontario	November 2005	McMaster University	Doctor of Science (D.Sc) [72]
Alberta	2006	Athabasca University	Doctor of Science (D.Sc) [73]
British Columbia	2006	British Columbia Institute of Technology	Doctor of Technology (D.Tech) [74]

Electoral record

v t e 2021 Canadian federal election : Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Marc Garneau	24,510	53.76	-2.52	$61,675.31
	New Democratic	Emma Elbourne-Weinstock	8,753	19.20	+3.79	$23,238.48
	Conservative	Mathew Kaminski	6,412	14.06	+2.62	$777.38
	Bloc Québécois	Jordan Craig Larouche	2,407	5.28	+0.59	$2,242.01
	Green	Sam Fairbrother	1,835	4.02	-6.70	$5,916.70
	People's	David Freiheit	1,498	3.29	+2.16	$17,259.62
	Marxist–Leninist	Rachel Hoffman	117	0.26	+0.12	$0.00
	Christian Heritage	Geofryde Wandji	59	0.13	–	$1,300.00
Total valid votes/Expense limit			45,591	99.03	–	$108,061.50
Total rejected ballots			446	0.97	+0.09
Turnout			46,037	62.55	-3.68
Eligible voters			73,595
	Liberal hold		Swing		-3.16
Source: Elections Canada [75] [76]

v t e 2019 Canadian federal election : Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Marc Garneau	28,323	56.28	-1.39	$77,287.54
	New Democratic	Franklin Gertler	7,753	15.41	-6.35	$45,608.88
	Conservative	Neil Drabkin	5,759	11.44	-2.93	none listed
	Green	Robert Green	5,397	10.73	+7.67	$9,697.34
	Bloc Québécois	Jennifer Jetté	2,359	4.69	+2.21	none listed
	People's	André Valiquette	565	1.12	–	$4,895.49
	Independent	Jeffery A. Thomas	98	0.19	–	none listed
	Marxist–Leninist	Rachel Hoffman	67	0.13	-0.22	$0.00
Total valid votes/expense limit			50,321	99.12
Total rejected ballots			446	0.88
Turnout			50,767	66.23
Eligible voters			76,649
	Liberal hold		Swing		+4.96
Source: Elections Canada [77] [78]

2015 Canadian federal election : Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Marc Garneau	29,755	57.67	+19.43	$116,633.55
	New Democratic	James Hughes	11,229	21.76	−13.29	$121,985.65
	Conservative	Richard Sagala	7,414	14.37	−3.28	$23,826.12
	Green	Melissa Kate Wheeler	1,581	3.06	−1.32	$1,243.50
	Bloc Québécois	Simon Quesnel	1,282	2.48	−1.59	$2,358.94
	Marxist–Leninist	Rachel Hoffman	181	0.35	–	–
	Independent	Lisa Julie Cahn	151	0.29	–	–
Total valid votes/Expense limit			51,593	100.00	–	$214,383.86
Total rejected ballots			311	0.60	–	–
Turnout			51,904	65.21	–	–
Eligible voters			79,597	–	–	–
Source: Elections Canada [79] [80]

v t e 2011 Canadian federal election : Westmount—Ville-Marie
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Marc Garneau	15,346	37.18	−9.29	–
	New Democratic	Joanne Corbeil	14,704	35.62	+12.69	–
	Conservative	Neil Drabkin	7,218	17.49	+1.68	–
	Bloc Québécois	Véronique Roy	2,278	5.52	−1.74	–
	Green	Andrew Carkner	1,516	3.67	−3.37	–
	Rhinoceros	Victoria Haliburton	140	0.34	+0.18	–
	Communist	Bill Sloan	73	0.18	+0.09	–
Total valid votes/expense limit			41,275	99.60		–
Total rejected ballots			165	0.40	−0.18
Turnout			41,440	53.36	+2.72
Electors on the lists			77,656
	Liberal hold		Swing		−10.99

v t e 2008 Canadian federal election : Westmount—Ville-Marie
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Liberal	Marc Garneau	18,041	46.47	+0.79	$78,009
	New Democratic	Anne Lagacé Dowson	8,904	22.93	+7.56	$79,186
	Conservative	Guy Dufort	6,139	15.81	−1.84	$34,968
	Bloc Québécois	Charles Larivée	2,818	7.26	−5.30	$8,281
	Green	Claude William Genest	2,733	7.04	−1.31	–
	Rhinoceros	Judith Vienneau	62	0.16	–	–
	Marxist–Leninist	Linda Sullivan	49	0.13	−0.10	–
	Independent	David Rovins	47	0.12	–	$30
	Communist	Bill Sloan	34	0.09	−0.08	$2,433
Total valid votes/expense limit			38,827	99.43		$83,153
Total rejected ballots			224	0.57	−0.06
Turnout			39,051	50.64	−3.05
Eligible voters			77,112
	Liberal hold		Swing		−3.39

v t e 2006 Canadian federal election : Vaudreuil—Soulanges
Party	Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Bloc Québécois	Meili Faille	27,012	43.16	−1.13	$85,133
	Liberal	Marc Garneau	17,768	28.39	−10.41	$79,413
	Conservative	Stephane Bourgon	11,889	19.00	+10.81	$35,090
	New Democratic	Bert Markgraf	3,468	5.54	+1.64	$3,385
	Green	Pierre Pariseau-Legault	2,450	3.91	+0.14	$1,144
Total valid votes/Expense limit			62,587	100.00	$85,543
	Bloc Québécois hold		Swing		+9.28

See also

• Astronaut-politician
• List of Canadian university leaders

References

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External links

• Official website
• Bio and mandate from the Prime Minister Archived May 15, 2021, at the Wayback Machine
• Marc Garneau – Parliament of Canada biography
• Canadian Space Agency biography
• NASA biography
• Spacefacts biography of Marc Garneau
• CBC Digital Archives – Marc Garneau: Canadian Space Pioneer
• Marc Garneau – Parliament of Canada biography
• Marc Garneau

Academic offices
Preceded by Ray Hnatyshyn	Chancellor of Carleton University 2003–2008	Succeeded by Herb Gray
Party political offices
Preceded by ???	Caucus Chair of the Liberal Party in Quebec 2008	Succeeded by Pablo Rodriguez
Preceded by Denis Coderre	Quebec Lieutenant of the Liberal Party 2008–2011	Succeeded by Vacant, then Pablo Rodriguez
29th Ministry – Cabinet of Justin Trudeau
Cabinet posts (2)
Predecessor	Office	Successor
François-Philippe Champagne	Minister of Foreign Affairs January 12, 2021 – October 26, 2021	Mélanie Joly
Lisa Raitt	Minister of Transport November 4, 2015 – January 12, 2021	Omar Alghabra