Governor of British Cyprus | |
---|---|
![]() Badge of the governor of Cyprus | |
Style | His Excellency |
Residence | Government House |
Appointer | King/Queen of the United Kingdom |
Precursor | High Commissioner of Cyprus |
Formation | 10 March 1925 |
First holder | Sir Malcolm Stevenson |
Final holder | Sir Hugh Mackintosh Foot |
Abolished | 16 August 1960 |
Succession | President of Cyprus |
This article lists the colonial governors and administrators of British Cyprus .
Hitherto Ottoman Cyprus, a territory of the Ottoman Empire, a British protectorate under Ottoman suzerainty was established over Cyprus by the Cyprus Convention of 4 June 1878. The United Kingdom declared war on the Ottoman Empire on 5 November 1914 and annexed Cyprus. Turkey recognised British possession of Cyprus by the Treaty of Lausanne on 24 July 1923 and the island became a Crown Colony on 10 March 1925. Following the London and Zürich Agreements of 19 February 1959 Cyprus became an independent republic on 16 August 1960, and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1961.
Name (Birth–Death) | Portrait | Term of office | |
---|---|---|---|
Lord John Hay (1827–1916) (acting) | ![]() | 12 July 1878 | 22 July 1878 |
Sir Garnet Joseph Wolseley (1833–1913) | ![]() | 22 July 1878 | 23 June 1879 |
Sir Robert Biddulph (1835–1918) | ![]() | 23 June 1879 | 9 March 1886 |
Sir Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer (1836–1914) | ![]() | 9 March 1886 | 5 April 1892 |
Sir Walter Joseph Sendall (1832–1904) | ![]() | 5 April 1892 | 23 April 1898 |
Sir William Frederick Haynes Smith (1839–1928) | ![]() | 23 April 1898 | 17 October 1904 |
Sir Charles Anthony King-Harman (1851–1939) | ![]() | 17 October 1904 | 12 October 1911 |
Hamilton Goold-Adams (1858–1920) | ![]() | 12 October 1911 | 8 January 1915 |
Sir John Eugene Clauson (1866–1918) | ![]() | 8 January 1915 | 31 December 1918 † |
Sir Malcolm Stevenson (1878–1927) | ![]() | 31 December 1918 (acting to 31 July 1920) | 10 March 1925 |
Name (Birth–Death) | Portrait | Term of office | |
---|---|---|---|
Sir Malcolm Stevenson (1878–1927) | ![]() | 10 March 1925 | 30 November 1926 |
Sir Ronald Storrs (1881–1955) | ![]() | 30 November 1926 | 29 October 1932 |
Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs (1876–1947) | ![]() | 29 October 1932 | 8 November 1933 |
Sir Herbert Richmond Palmer (1877–1958) | ![]() | 8 November 1933 | 4 July 1939 |
William Denis Battershill (1896–1959) | ![]() | 4 July 1939 | 3 October 1941 |
Charles Campbell Woolley (1893–1981) | ![]() | 3 October 1941 | 24 October 1946 |
Reginald Fletcher, 1st Baron Winster (1885–1961) | ![]() | 24 October 1946 | 4 August 1949 |
Sir Andrew Barkworth Wright (1895–1971) | ![]() | 4 August 1949 | February 1954 |
Sir Robert Perceval Armitage (1906–1990) | ![]() | February 1954 | 25 September 1955 |
Sir John Alan Francis Harding (1896–1989) | ![]() | 3 October 1955 | 22 October 1957 |
Sir Hugh Mackintosh Foot (1907–1990) | ![]() | 3 December 1957 | 16 August 1960 |
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. It is geographically a part of West Asia, but its cultural ties and geopolitics are overwhelmingly Southeast European. Cyprus is the third largest and third-most populous island in the Mediterranean. It is east of Greece, north of Egypt, south of Turkey, and west of Lebanon and Syria. Its capital and largest city is Nicosia. The northeast portion of the island is de facto governed by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Human habitation of Cyprus dates back to the Paleolithic era. Cyprus's geographic position has caused the island to be influenced by differing Eastern Mediterranean civilisations over the millennia.
Nicosia is the capital and largest city of Cyprus. It is the southeasternmost of all EU member states' capital cities.
Enosis is the movement of various Greek communities that live outside Greece for incorporation of the regions that they inhabit into the Greek state. The idea is related to the Megali Idea, an irredentist concept of a Greek state that dominated Greek politics following the creation of modern Greece in 1830. The Megali Idea called for the annexation of all ethnic Greek lands, parts of which had participated in the Greek War of Independence in the 1820s but were unsuccessful and so remained under foreign rule.
The Cyprus Convention of 4 June 1878 was a secret agreement reached between Great Britain and the Ottoman Empire which granted administrative control of Cyprus to Britain, in exchange for its support of the Ottomans during the Congress of Berlin. Provisions in the Convention retained Ottoman rights over the territory of Cyprus.
Turkish Cypriots or Cypriot Turks are ethnic Turks originating from Cyprus. Turkish Cypriots are mainly Sunni Muslims. Following the Ottoman conquest of the island in 1571, about 30,000 Turkish settlers were given land once they arrived in Cyprus. Additionally, many of the island's local Christians converted to Islam during the early years of Ottoman rule. Nonetheless, the influx of mainly Muslim settlers to Cyprus continued intermittently until the end of the Ottoman period. Today, while Northern Cyprus is home to a significant part of the Turkish Cypriot population, the majority of Turkish Cypriots live abroad, forming the Turkish Cypriot diaspora. This diaspora came into existence after the Ottoman Empire transferred the control of the island to the British Empire, as many Turkish Cypriots emigrated primarily to Turkey and the United Kingdom for political and economic reasons.
Greek Cypriots are the ethnic Greek population of Cyprus, forming the island's largest ethnolinguistic community. According to the 2011 census, 659,115 respondents recorded their ethnicity as Greek, forming almost 99% of the 667,398 Cypriot citizens and over 78% of the 840,407 total residents of the area controlled by the Republic of Cyprus. These figures do not include the 29,321 citizens of Greece residing in Cyprus, ethnic Greeks recorded as citizens of other countries, or the population of Northern Cyprus.
The Eyalet of Cyprus was an eyalet (province) of the Ottoman Empire made up of the island of Cyprus, which was annexed into the Empire in 1571. The Ottomans changed the way they administered Cyprus multiple times. It was a sanjak (sub-province) of the Eyalet of the Archipelago from 1670 to 1703, and again from 1784 onwards; a fief of the Grand Vizier ; and again an eyalet for the short period from 1745 to 1748.
Cyprus was part of the British Empire, under military occupation from 1914 to 1925, and a Crown colony from 1925 to 1960. Cyprus became an independent nation in 1960.
The coat of arms of Cyprus may refer to the national symbol used in the Republic of Cyprus.
A colonial empire is a collective of territories, either contiguous with the imperial center or located overseas, settled by the population of a certain state and governed by that state.
Mehmed Kâmil Pasha, also spelled as Kamil Pasha, was an Ottoman statesman and liberal politician of Turkish Cypriot origin in the late-19th-century and early-20th-century. He was the Grand Vizier of the Empire during four different periods.
The history of the Jews in Cyprus dates back at least to the 2nd century BCE, when a considerable number of Jews in Cyprus was first recorded. The Jews had close relationships with many of the other religious groups on the island and were seen favourably by the island's Roman rulers. During the war over the city of Ptolemais between Alexander Jannaeus and King Lathyros, many Jews remained committed to King Lathyros and were subsequently killed.
Foreign relations between Cyprus and the United Kingdom are positive. Cyprus gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1960, after 82 years of British control; the two countries now enjoy warm relations, though the continuing British sovereignty of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in Cyprus continues to divide Cypriots. The countries are both members of the United Nations and Commonwealth of Nations.
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Cypriot nationality law details the conditions by which a person is a national of Cyprus. The primary law governing nationality regulations is the Republic of Cyprus Citizenship Law, 1967, which came into force on 28 July 1967. Regulations apply to the entire island of Cyprus, which includes the Republic of Cyprus itself and Northern Cyprus, a breakaway region that is diplomatically recognised only by Turkey as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC).
The relations between Turkey and the United Kingdom have a long history. The countries have been at war several times, such as within the First World War. They have also been allied several times, such as in the Crimean War. Both countries currently maintain relations via the British Embassy in Ankara and the Turkish Embassy in London.
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Cyprus. The country's postal history is intricately linked to the island's political past.
British Cyprus was the island of Cyprus under the dominion of the British Empire, administered sequentially from 1878 to 1914 as a British protectorate, from 1914 to 1925 as a unilaterally annexed military occupation, and from 1925 to 1960 as a Crown colony. Following the London and Zürich Agreements of 19 February 1959, Cyprus became an independent republic on 16 August 1960.