List of mammals of Europe

This is a list of mammals of Europe. It includes all mammals currently found in Europe (from northeast Atlantic to Ural Mountains and northern slope of Caucasus Mountains), whether resident or as regular migrants. Moreover, species occurring in Cyprus, Canary Islands (Spain) and Azores (Portugal) are listed here. If geographical range of given European mammal additionally overlaps Turkey, it is noted in some of cases. This checklist does not include species found only in captivity. Each species is listed, with its binomial name and notes on its distribution where this is limited. Introduced species are also noted.

Summary of 2006 IUCN Red List categories.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX - extinct, EW - extinct in the wild

CR - critically endangered, EN - endangered VU - vulnerable

NT - near threatened, LC - least concern

DD - data deficient, NE - not evaluated

(v. 2024-1, the data is current as of September 21, 2024 ^[1] )

Eulipotyphlans

Erinaceidae

Hedgehogs

• European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeusLC
• Southern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus concolorLC
• Northern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus roumanicusLC
• Long-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus auritusLC (eastern Europe)

Talpidae

Moles

• Aquitanian mole, Talpa aquitania ^[2] (France, Spain)
• Mediterranean mole, Talpa caecaLC (south of the Alps)
• Caucasian mole, Talpa caucasica ^[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
• European mole, Talpa europaeaLC
• Levant mole, Talpa levantisLC (Bulgaria, Caucasus, Russia and European Turkey)
• Martino's mole, Talpa martinorum ^[2] (Bulgaria)
• Spanish mole, Talpa occidentalisLC (Iberian Peninsula)
• Roman mole, Talpa romanaLC (Italy and Greece)
• Balkan mole, Talpa stankoviciLC (Balkans)

Desmans

• Russian desman, Desmana moschataVU (Russia, Ukraine)
• Pyrenean desman, Galemys pyrenaicusEN (Spain, Portugal, the Pyrenees)

Soricidae (shrews)

• Common shrew, Sorex araneusLC
• Crowned shrew, Sorex coronatusLC
• Iberian shrew, Sorex granariusLC
• Apennine shrew, Sorex samniticusLC
• Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutusLC
• Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiensLC
• Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimusLC
• Taiga shrew, Sorex isodonLC
• Alpine shrew, Sorex alpinusNT
• Valais shrew, Sorex antinoriiLC (Italy, France, Switzerland) - formerly in Sorex araneus , and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Udine shrew, Sorex arunchi ^{[n 2]} LC (Italy, Slovenia)
• Radde's shrew, Sorex raddei ^[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
• Caucasian shrew, Sorex satunini ^[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
• Caucasian pygmy shrew, Sorex volnuchini ^[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
• Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiensLC
• Iberian water shrew, Neomys anomalusLC (Iberian Peninsula) and: ^{[n 1]}

• Mediterranean water shrew, Neomys milleriLC ^[2]

• Transcaucasian water shrew, Neomys teres ^[2] LC (Caucasus, Russia)
• Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscusLC
• Greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russulaLC
• Lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura suaveolensLC
• Bicoloured shrew, Crocidura leucodonLC
• Gueldenstaedt's shrew, Crocidura gueldenstaedtiiLC
• Sicilian shrew, Crocidura siculaLC (Sicily, Malta)
• North African white-toothed shrew, Crocidura pachyuraDD (Mediterranean islands)
• Cretan shrew, Crocidura zimmermanniEN (Crete)
• Canarian shrew, Crocidura canariensisEN (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain)
• Piebald shrew, Diplomesodon pulchellus ^[2] LC (Kazakhstan, Russia)

Bats

Pteropodidae (megabat)

• Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacusCR (Cyprus)

Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats)

• Lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposiderosLC
• Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinumLC
• Mediterranean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus euryaleVU
• Blasius's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus blasiiVU
• Mehely's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus mehelyiEN

Vespertilionidae (evening bats)

• Daubenton's bat, Myotis daubentoniiLC
• Nathalina bat, Myotis (daubentonii) nathalinae ( Myotis daubentonii : LC)
• Long-fingered bat, Myotis capacciniiVU
• Pond bat, Myotis dasycnemeVU
• Brandt's bat, Myotis brandtiiLC
• Whiskered bat, Myotis mystacinusLC
• David’s myotis, Myotis davidii ^[2] (south-eastern and eastern Europe), includes i.e.:
  • Steppe whiskered bat, Myotis aurascens ^{[n 2]} LC
• Alcathoe bat, Myotis alcathoeNT (Greece, Hungary)
• Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatusLC
• Natterer's bat, Myotis nattereriLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Cryptic myotis, Myotis crypticusNT
  • Tschuli myotis, Myotis tschuliensis ^[2] (Eastern Europe)
  • Hovel's myotis, Myotis hoveli ^[2] (Cyprus)
• Escalera's bat, Myotis escaleraiNT (Spain, Portugal, France)
• Bechstein's bat, Myotis bechsteiniiVU
• Greater mouse-eared bat, Myotis myotisLC
• Lesser mouse-eared bat, Myotis blythiiVU
• Felten's myotis, Myotis punicusVU (Corsica, Sardinia, Malta)
• Common noctule, Nyctalus noctulaLC
• Lesser noctule, Nyctalus leisleriLC
• Azores noctule, Nyctalus azoreumVU (the only mammal species endemic to North Atlantic Azores archipelago - Portugal)
• Greater noctule, Nyctalus lasiopterusVU
• Anatolian serotine, Eptesicus anatolicus ^[2] DD (east Aegean Islands in Greece, Cyprus) - split from Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottaeLC
• Serotine, Eptesicus serotinusLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Eptesicus lobatus ^{[n 2]} LC (Ukraine)
• Meridional serotine, Eptesicus (serotinus) isabellinusLC
• Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoniiLC
• Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinusLC
• Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellusLC
• Soprano pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pygmaeusLC
• Nathusius's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus nathusiiLC
• Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhliiLC
• Savi's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus saviiLC
• Crete pipistrelle, Pipistrellus creticus ^[2] (Crete)
• Dusky pipistrelle, Pipistrellus hesperidusLC (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain) ^{[4] [n 3]}
• Common long-eared bat, Plecotus auritusLC
• Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacusNT
• Madeira pipistrelle, Pipistrellus maderensisEN (Canary Islands and Madeira in Africa - Spain, Portugal)
• Kolombatovic's long-eared bat, Plecotus kolombatoviciVU (Mediterranean)
• Alpine long-eared bat, Plecotus macrobullarisNT (mountains of southern Europe)
• Sardinian long-eared bat, Plecotus sardusCR (Sardinia)
• Canary long-eared bat, Plecotus teneriffaeCR (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain) and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Gaisler's long-eared bat, Plecotus gaisleri ^[2] EN (Malta, Italy)
• Barbastelle, Barbastella barbastellusVU
• Caspian barbastelle, Barbastella caspica ^[2] LC (Caucasus)

Miniopteridae

• Schreibers' bat, Miniopterus schreibersiiVU and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Pallid long-fingered bat, Miniopterus pallidus ^[6] NT (Caucasus)

Molossidae (free-tailed bats)

• European free-tailed bat, Tadarida teniotisLC (southern Europe)

Nycteridae (slit-faced bats)

• Egyptian slit-faced bat, Nycteris thebaicaLC (Greece)

Lagomorphs

The European hare

Leporidae (leporids)

• European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculusNT
• European hare, Lepus europaeusLC
• Mountain hare, Lepus timidusLC
• Granada hare, Lepus granatensisLC (Spain, Portugal)
• Broom hare, Lepus castroviejoiVU (Cantabrian Mountains)
• Corsican hare, Lepus corsicanusVU (Corsica, southern Italy)
• Cape hare, Lepus capensisLC (Corsica, Cyprus in Asia - Greece, Turkey)
• Tolai hare, Lepus tolai ^[2] LC (Kazakhstan)

Ochotonidae (pikas)

• Sardinian pika, Prolagus sardusEX (Corsica, Sardinia and adjacent Mediterranean islands)

Rodents

Sciuridae (squirrels)

An alpine marmot

• Red squirrel, Sciurus vulgarisLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Calabrian black squirrel, Sciurus meridionalis ^[2] (Italy)
• Siberian flying squirrel, Pteromys volansDD (northern Scandinavia, Estonia)
• European souslik, Spermophilus citellusEN (north-eastern Europe)
• Yellow ground squirrel, Spermophilus fulvusLC (eastern Europe)
• Little ground squirrel, Spermophilus pygmaeusLC (eastern Europe)
• Caucasian squirrel, Sciurus anomalusNA (eastern Europe)
• Spotted souslik, Spermophilus suslicusNT (south-eastern Europe)
• Russet ground squirrel, Spermophilus major ^[2] LC (Russia, Kazakhstan)
• Caucasian Mountain ground squirrel, Spermophilus musicus ^[2] LC (Caucasus)
• Alpine marmot, Marmota marmotaLC (Alps, Tatras, Carpathians, Pyrenees and Balkans)
• Tatra marmot, Marmota marmota latirostrisLC (Tatra Mountains)
• Bobak marmot, Marmota bobakLC (eastern Europe)

Castoridae

• European beaver, Castor fiberLC

Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

• Indian porcupine, Hystrix indicaLC (European Azerbaijan and Georgia)

Gliridae (dormice)

• Garden dormouse, Eliomys quercinusNT
• Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedulaLC (eastern Europe)
• European edible dormouse, Glis glisLC
• Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanariusLC
• Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus roachiEN (Greece, European Turkey and Bulgaria)

Muroids: Spalacidae (spalacids)

• Greater mole rat, Spalax microphthalmusLC (eastern Europe)
• Lesser mole rat, Spalax leucodonLC (eastern Europe)
• Podolsk mole rat, Spalax zemniVU (eastern Europe)
• Sandy mole-rat, Spalax arenariusEN (eastern Europe)
• Balkan mole rat, Spalax graecusVU and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Mehely's blind mole-rat, Spalax antiquus ^[2] EN (Romania)
  • Oltenia blind mole-rat, Spalax istricus ^[2] CR (Romania)
• Nehring's blind mole rat, Spalax nehringiNA (may occur in Greece)
• Giant blind mole-rat, Spalax giganteus ^[2] LC (Russia)

Muroids: Cricetidae

Hamsters

• Common hamster, Cricetus cricetusLC (eastern and central Europe)
• Gray dwarf hamster, Nothocricetulus migratoriusLC (Balkans)
• Romanian hamster, Mesocricetus newtoniNT (shores of the Black Sea)
• Ciscaucasian hamster, Mesocricetus raddei ^[2] LC (Russia)
• Brandt's hamster, Mesocricetus brandti ^[2] NT (Caucasus)
• Eversmann's hamster, Allocricetulus eversmanni ^[2] LC (Russia, Kazakhstan)

Lemmings

• Wood lemming, Myopus schisticolorLC (Scandinavia)
• Norway lemming, Lemmus lemmusLC (northern Europe)
• Siberian brown lemming, Lemmus sibiricus ^[2] LC (Russia)
• Arctic lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatusLC (Svalbard as migrant)

Voles

• Bank vole, Myodes glareolusLC
• Northern red-backed vole, Myodes rutilusLC
• Grey red-backed vole, Myodes rufocanusLC
• Martino's Dinaric vole, Dinaromys bogdanoviVU (Balkans) and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Western Dinaric vole, Dinaromys longipedis ^[3] (Balkans)
• European water vole, Arvicola amphibius and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Italian water vole, Arvicola italicus ^[2] (Italy, Switzerland)
  • Montane water vole, Arvicola monticola, A. scherman ^{[n 2]} LC
• Southwestern water vole, Arvicola sapidusVU (Spain and France)
• Root vole, Alexandromys oeconomusLC
• Middendorff's vole, Alexandromys middendorffii ^[2] NA (Russia)
• Short-tailed field vole, Microtus agrestisLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Mediterranean field vole, Microtus lavernedii ^[2]
  • Portuguese field vole, Microtus rozianus ^[2] (Iberian Peninsula)
• Pyrenean pine vole, Microtus pyrenaicus ^[3] (France, Spain)
• Common vole, Microtus arvalisLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Altai vole, Microtus obscurus ^[2] LC (eastern Europe)
• Sibling vole, Microtus epiroticus ( M. levis : LC)
• Snow vole, Microtus nivalisLC
• Gunther's vole, Microtus guentheriLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Harting's vole, Microtus hartingi ^[2] (Balkans)
• Cabrera's vole, Microtus cabreraeNT
• European pine vole, Microtus subterraneusLC
• East European gray vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalisLC
• Social vole, Microtus socialisLC
• Felten's vole, Microtus felteniLC
• Gerbe's vole, Microtus gerbeiLC
• Savi's pine vole, Microtus saviiLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Sicilian pine vole, Microtus nebrodensis (Italy) ^[2]
  • Calabria pine vole, Microtus brachycercus (Italy) LC
• Alpine pine vole, Microtus multiplexLC
• Tatra pine vole, Microtus tatricusLC
• Liechtenstein's pine vole, Microtus liechtensteiniLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Bavarian pine vole, Microtus bavaricus ^{[n 2]} CR
• Mediterranean pine vole, Microtus duodecimcostatusLC
• Lusitanian pine vole, Microtus lusitanicusLC
• Thomas's pine vole, Microtus thomasiLC
• Major's pine vole, Microtus majoriLC
• Caucasian pine vole, Microtus daghestanicus ^[2] LC (Caucasus)
• Narrow-headed vole, Lasiopodomys gregalis ^[2] LC (Russia)
• Gudaur snow vole, Chionomys gud ^[2] LC (Caucasus)
• Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti ^[2] LC (Caucasus)
• Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurusLC
• Northern mole vole, Ellobius talpinusLC
• Long-clawed mole vole, Prometheomys schaposchnikowi ^[2] LC (Caucasus)

Muroids: Muridae

Old World rats and mice

• Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticusLC
• Steppe field mouse, Apodemus witherbyiNA (eastern Europe)
• Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollisLC and: ^{[n 1]}
  • Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticusLC (Caucasus)
• Alpine field mouse, Apodemus alpicolaLC (Alps)
• Pygmy field mouse, Apodemus uralensisLC (eastern Europe)
• Broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinusLC (south-eastern Europe)
• Western broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus epimelasLC (Balkans)
• Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrariusLC (eastern Europe)
• Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutusLC
• House mouse, Mus musculusLC
• Algerian mouse, Mus spretusLC (France, Spain and Portugal)
• Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegusLC (south-eastern Europe)
• Cypriot mouse, Mus cypriacusLC (Cyprus)
• Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicusLC (south Balcans)

Spiny mice

• Cretan spiny mouse, Acomys minousDD (Crete)

Jirds

• Tristram's jird, Meriones tristramiLC (Greek island of Kos)
• Tamarisk jird, Meriones tamariscinusLC (eastern Europe)
• Midday jird, Meriones meridianusLC (eastern Europe)

Gerbils

• Great gerbil, Rhombomys opimus ^[2] LC (Kazakhstan)

Muroids: Sminthidae (birch mice)

• Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulinaLC (Scandinavia and north-eastern Europe)
• Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilisLC (south-eastern Europe) and: ^{[n 1]}

• Hungarian birch mouse, Sicista (subtilis) trizonaEN (Hungary)
• Nordmann’s birch mouse, Sicista lorigerVU (eastern Europe)

• Strand's birch mouse, Sicista strandiLC (eastern Europe)
• Severtzov's birch mouse, Sicista severtzoviLC (eastern Europe)
• Caucasian birch mouse, Sicista caucasica ^[2] NT (Caucasus)
• Kazbeg birch mouse, Sicista kazbegica ^[2] EN (Caucasus)
• Kluchor birch mouse, Sicista kluchorica ^[2] LC (Caucasus)

Muroids: Dipodidae (jerboas)

• Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilioLC (eastern Europe)
• Great jerboa, Allactaga majorNT (eastern Europe)
• Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elaterLC (eastern Europe)
• Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagittaNA (eastern Europe)
• Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus telumLC (eastern Europe)
• Williams's jerboa, Scarturus williamsi ^[2] LC (Azerbaijan)

Carnivorans

Ursidae (bears)

• Brown bear, Ursus arctosLC
• Polar bear, Ursus maritimusVU (Svalbard, Arctic European Russia; migrant to Iceland)

Canidae

European jackal (Canis aureus moreotica), a subspecies of golden jackal

• Golden jackal, Canis aureusLC (Russia and south-eastern Europe)
• Grey wolf, Canis lupusLC (Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Scandinavia and eastern Europe)
• Corsac fox, Vulpes corsacLC (Along southern Volga and European Kazakhstan)
• Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopusLC (Scandinavia and Iceland)
• Red fox, Vulpes vulpesLC

Mustelidae (weasels and allies)

• Wolverine, Gulo guloVU (Scandinavia)
• European otter, Lutra lutraNT
• Beech marten, Martes foinaLC (southern Europe)
• European pine marten, Martes martesLC
• Sable, Martes zibellinaNA (western Ural Mountains, European Russia)
• Caucasian badger, Meles canescens (Crete, Rhodes)
• Asian badger, Meles leucurus ^[2] LC (Russia, Kazakhstan)
• European badger, Meles melesLC
• Stoat, Mustela ermineaLC
• Steppe polecat, Mustela eversmaniiLC
• European mink, Mustela lutreolaCR (eastern Europe, Spain, France)
• European polecat, Mustela putoriusLC
• Least weasel, Mustela nivalisLC
• Siberian weasel, Mustela sibirica ^[2] NA (Russia)
• Marbled polecat, Vormela peregusnaVU (southeastern Europe)

Felidae (cats)

The Eurasian lynx

• Asiatic cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus venaticusCR ( A. jubatus : EN) (extirpated) (Caucasus)
• Swamp cat, Felis chausNA (Cis-Caspian region) ^[7]
• African wildcat, Felis lybica ^{[3] [8]} LC (France, Italy, Greece)
• European wildcat, Felis silvestrisLC
• Pallas's cat, Otocolobus manul ^[9] LC (eastern Caucasus, possibly extirpated)
• Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynxLC
• Iberian lynx, Lynx pardinusVU (Spain and Portugal)
• Lion Panthera leoVU (extirpated) (Caucasus and southeastern Europe)
• Persian leopard, Panthera pardus tullianaEN ( P. pardus : VU) (Dagestan, Northern Caucasus, European Russia) ^{[10] [11]}
• Caspian tiger, Panthera tigris tigrisEX ( P. tigris EN) (Ukraine, Southern Russia and Caucasus)

Hyaenidae (hyenas)

• Striped hyena, Hyaena hyaena ^[12] NT (eastern Caucasus)

Phocidae (earless seals)

• Hooded seal, Cystophora cristataNA (Northern Scandinavia)
• Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatusNA (Northern Scandinavia)
• Grey seal, Halichoerus grypusLC (Norway, Baltics, Great Britain and Ireland)
• Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachusVU (Mediterranean)
• Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicusNA (Northern Scandinavia)
• Common seal, Phoca vitulinaLC
• Ringed seal, Pusa hispidaLC (Northern Scandinavia)

Odobenidae

• Walrus, Odobenus rosmarusNA (Svalbard, Iceland and as migrant further south)

Odd-toed ungulates

Equidae (horse)

• Tarpan, Equus ferus ferusEX (E. ferusEN)
• Przewalski's horse, Equus ferus przewalskii EN (E. ferusEN) (Belarus, Ukraine)
• Turkmenian kulan, Equus hemionus kulanEN (E. hemionusNT) (Ukraine)

Even-toed ungulates

Suidae (pigs)

• Wild boar, Sus scrofaLC

Bovidae (bovid)

• European bison, Bison bonasusVU (reintroduced)
• Aurochs, Bos primigeniusEX
• Wild goat, Capra aegagrusVU (Caucasus)
• West Caucasian tur, Capra caucasica ^[2] EN (Caucasus)
• East Caucasian tur, Capra cylindricornis ^[2] NT (Caucasus)
• Alpine ibex, Capra ibexLC (France, Italy, Switzerland, and Germany)
• Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaicaLC (Spain and Portugal)
• Goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosaCR (European Azerbaijan)
• Muskox, Ovibos moschatusLC (Norway, Russia; reintroduced)
• Mouflon, Ovis gmeliniNT (Cyprus and Caucasus)
• Pyrenean chamois, Rupicapra pyrenaicaLC
• Chamois, Rupicapra rupicapraLC
• Saiga antelope, Saiga tataricaCR (European Russia and Kazakhstan)

Cervidae (deer)

• Elk, Alces alcesLC
• Roe deer, Capreolus capreolusLC
• Red deer, Cervus elaphusLC
• Fallow deer, Dama damaLC
• Reindeer, Rangifer tarandusLC (Scandinavia)

Cetacea

Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins)

Killer whale

Bottlenose dolphin

• White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostrisLC
• Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutusLC
• Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensisNT
• Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalbaLC (Mediterranean subpopulation: VU)
• Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalisLC
• Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphisLC
  (Mediterranean subpopulation: EN, ssp. ponticus: VU)
• Bottle-nosed dolphin, Tursiops truncatusLC
  (Mediterranean subpopulation: VU, ssp. ponticus: EN)
• Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hoseiNA (Canary Islands in Africa)
• False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidensDD
• Killer whale, Orcinus orcaLC
• Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseusLC (Mediterranean subpopulation: DD)
• Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melasLC (Mediterranean subpopulation: DD)
• Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchusLC
• Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuataDD

Phocoenidae (porpoises)

• Common porpoise, Phocoena phocoenaLC
  (Baltic Sea subpopulation: CR, ssp. relicta - Black Sea harbour porpoise: EN)

Monodontidae

• White whale, Delphinapterus leucasVU (Arctic Ocean)
• Narwhal, Monodon monocerosVU (Arctic Ocean)

Kogiidae

• Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia brevicepsDD
• Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simaDD

Physeteridae

• Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalusVU (Mediterranean subpopulation: EN)

Ziphiidae (beaked whales)

• Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeusLC
• Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostrisLC
• True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirusLC
• Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidensLC
• Grays beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayiNA
• Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatusLC
• Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostrisLC (Mediterranean subpopulation: DD)

Balaenopteridae (rorquals)

Humpback whale

• Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculusNT (ssp. musculus North Atlantic stock: CR)
• Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalusLC (Mediterranean subpopulation: VU)
• Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealisLC
• Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrataLC
• Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeniVU (Canary Islands in Africa)
• Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliaeLC

Eschrichtiidae

• Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustusRE (possible vagrant from Pacific was recorded in 2010 ^[13] )

Balaenidae

• Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetusVU
  (Svalbard-Barents Sea (Spitsbergen) subpopulation: CR)
• North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialisCR

Introduced animals

Macropodidae (macropods)

• Red-necked wallaby, Notamacropus rufogriseusLC (Britain, Ireland, France and Germany, introduced)

Erinaceidae

• North African hedgehog, Atelerix algirusLC (France and Spain, probably introduced)

Primates

• Barbary macaque, Macaca sylvanusNA (Gibraltar, introduced)

Sciuridae (squirrels)

• Grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensisLC (Britain, introduced)
• Barbary ground squirrel, Atlantoxerus getulusLC (Canary Islands in Africa - Spain, introduced)
• Siberian chipmunk, Tamias sibiricusLC (introduced)

Myocastoridae

• Coypu, Myocastor coypusLC (introduced)

Cricetidae

• Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicusLC (introduced)

Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)

• Crested porcupine, Hystrix cristataLC (Italy, introduced)

Muroids: Muridae

Old World rats and mice

• Brown rat, Rattus norvegicusLC (introduced)
• Black rat, Rattus rattusLC (introduced)

Canidae

• Raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoidesLC (introduced)

Mustelidae (weasel)

• American mink, Neogale visonLC (introduced)
• Asian small-clawed otter, Aonyx cinereus ^[14] VU (Great Britain, introduced)

Herpestidae (mongooses)

• Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumonLC (Spain and Portugal, disputed, possibly native)

Viverridae (viverrids)

• Common genet, Genetta genettaLC (France, Spain, Italy, Portugal, introduced)

Procyonidae

• South American coati, Nasua nasuaLC (Great Britain, introduced)
• Common raccoon, Procyon lotorLC (introduced)

Mephitidae

• Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitisLC (introduced)

Bovidae (bovids)

• Barbary sheep, Ammotragus lerviaVU (Spain and Portugal, introduced)

Equidae (horses)

• • Przewalski's horse, Equus ferus przewalskiiEN (E. ferusEN) (introduced; Ukraine, Belarus) ^{[15] [16]}

Cervidae (deer)

• Chital, Axis axisLC (introduced)
• Wapiti, Cervus canadensisLC (Italy, introduced)
• Sika deer, Cervus nipponLC (introduced)
• Chinese water deer, Hydropotes inermisVU (Britain, France, introduced)
• Chinese muntjac, Muntiacus reevesiLC (Britain, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, Belgium, introduced)
• White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianusLC (introduced; Finland, Czechia)

See also

• List of amphibians of Europe
• List of birds of Europe
• List of reptiles of Europe
• List of mammal genera
• Lists of mammals by region
• List of extinct animals of Europe

Further reading

• Macdonald D., Barrett P., Collins Field Guide: Mammals of Britain & Europe, HarperCollinsPublishers, London, 1993, ISBN   0-00-219779-0
• Görner M., Hackethal H., Beobachten und bestimmen: Säugetiere Europas, Neumann Verlag, Leipzig, Radebeul, 1987, ISBN   3-7402-0025-1

Notes

1. Species split from this species or considered as distinct species alternatively. All these taxa occur in the area of interest, including the one on the left.
2. Not recognized as a separate species in the Mammal Diversity Database v. 1.10. ^[3]
3. According to the IUCN Red List this distribution needs to be confirmed and bats from North Africa are treated as Pipistrellus kuhlii . ^[5]

References

1. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
2. "Mammal Diversity Database. (2020). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.2) [Data set]. Zenodo". 2020. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4139818 . Retrieved 2 December 2020.
3. • Mammal Diversity Database (2022). "Mammal Diversity Database. (2022). Mammal Diversity Database (Version 1.10) [Data set]. Zenodo". doi:10.5281/zenodo.7394529 . Retrieved 16 January 2023.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
4. Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 474–475. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
5. Piraccini, R. (2016). "Pipistrellus hesperidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T136741A22035802. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136741A22035802.en . Retrieved 6 January 2018.
6. Çoraman, E. (2021). "Miniopterus pallidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T81633088A89457387. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T81633088A89457387.en . Retrieved 16 January 2023.
7. Ellerman, J. R. and Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1966). Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Second edition. British Museum of Natural History, London. Pp. 306–307
8. Ghoddousi, A.; Belbachir, F.; Durant, S.M.; Herbst, M.; Rosen, T. (2022). "Felis lybica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2022: e.T131299383A154907281. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T131299383A154907281.en . Retrieved 16 January 2023.
9. Ross, S.; Barashkova, A.; Dhendup, T.; Munkhtsog, B.; Smelansky, I.; Barclay, D.; Moqanaki, E. (2020) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Otocolobus manul". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T15640A180145377. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T15640A180145377.en . Retrieved 16 January 2023.
10. WWF (2007) Strategy for the Conservation of the Leopard in the Caucasus Ecoregion. Strategic Planning Workshop on Leopard Conservation in the Caucasus. Tbilisi, Georgia, 30 May – 1 June 2007
11. Kitchener, A. C.; Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.; Eizirik, E.; Gentry, A.; Werdelin, L.; Wilting, A.; Yamaguchi, N.; Abramov, A. V.; Christiansen, P.; Driscoll, C.; Duckworth, J. W.; Johnson, W.; Luo, S.-J.; Meijaard, E.; O’Donoghue, P.; Sanderson, J.; Seymour, K.; Bruford, M.; Groves, C.; Hoffmann, M.; Nowell, K.; Timmons, Z.; Tobe, S. (2017). "A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN Cat Specialist Group" (PDF). Cat News (Special Issue 11).
12. AbiSaid, M.; Dloniak, S.M.D. (2015). "Hyaena hyaena". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2015: e.T10274A45195080. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T10274A45195080.en . Retrieved 16 January 2023.
13. King, Anthony (20 August 2015). "Are grey whales climate change's big winners?". The Irish Times.
14. Wright, L.; de Silva, P.K.; Chan, B.; Reza Lubis, I.; Basak, S. (2021). "Aonyx cinereus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T44166A164580923. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T44166A164580923.en . Retrieved 16 January 2023.
15. "The Last Truly Wild Horses Are Alive and Well in Chernobyl". Popular Mechanics. October 17, 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
16. "Fresh research shows how horse domestication helped shape humanity". Horsetalk. May 10, 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2021.

External links

• Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition (MSW3) - database of mammalian taxonomy
• Databases: Division of Mammals: Department of Vertebrate Zoology: NMNH