Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron 7 | |
---|---|
Active | 10 August 1950 – 28 September 1979 |
Country | United States |
Branch | United States Navy |
Role | Photo-reconnaissance |
Part of | Inactive |
Nickname(s) | Peacemakers of the Fleet Go Devils |
Engagements | Vietnam War |
RVAH-7 was a reconnaissance attack (heavy) squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Composite Squadron Seven (VC-7) on 10 August 1950, it was redesignated as Heavy Attack Squadron Seven (VAH-7) on 1 November 1955 and was redesignated again as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Seven (RVAH-7) on 1 December 1964. The squadron was disestablished on 28 September 1979. [1]
VC-7 was established at Naval Air Station Moffett Field, California in October 1950 and was initially equipped with the AJ-1 Savage for a primary mission role of carrier-based nuclear strike against strategic targets ashore.
The squadron subsequently executed a change of home stations to Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland in 1951 and later transitioned to the AJ-2 Savage. On 1 July 1955, the squadron was redesignated as VAH-7 and another change of home station, this time to NAAS Sanford, Florida, followed later that same year.
With the impending replacement of the AJ-1 and AJ-2 with the new A3D Skywarrior, Naval Auxiliary Air Station Sanford was the focus of extensive military construction during the mid and late 1950s, all intended to upgrade the installation to full naval air station status as a Master Jet Base and resulting in its redesignation as Naval Air Station Sanford. [2]
VAH-7 exchanged its AJ-2 Savages for A3D-2 Skywarriors in early 1958. However, VAH-7's association with the Douglas heavy attack aircraft lasted only a little over three years, during which time only a partial deployment was made when some VAH-7 aircraft and crews supplemented VAH-1 aboard the USS Independence as VAH-7 began its transition to the supersonic North American A3J-1 Vigilante in August 1961.
The operational debut of the Vigilante took place in August 1962 when VAH-7 deployed aboard the newly-commissioned nuclear-powered aircraft carrier USS Enterprise for a short 38-day cruise in the Mediterranean. In September, with the establishment of a common DoD-wide aircraft designation system, the A3J-1 was redesignated as the A-5A Vigilante. In October, this short cruise was extended beyond its originally-scheduled duration due to the Cuban Missile Crisis, with VAH-7 remaining embarked aboard Enterprise as the carrier steamed as a show of force in Caribbean waters near Cuba. [2]
From 6 February 1963 to 4 September 1963, VAH-7 completed a full deployment to the Mediterranean with the A-5A while embarked aboard Enterprise in support of the U.S. Sixth Fleet. The following year, following only a five month turnaround period at Naval Air Station Sanford, VAH-7 deployed again aboard Enterprise, this time from 8 February to 3 October 1964 as part of Operation Sea Orbit, a round-the-world cruise by Task Force 1, a nuclear-powered task force consisting of Enterprise, the nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser USS Long Beach, and the nuclear-powered guided missile destroyer leader USS Bainbridge. [3]
As the submarine-launched ballistic missile became the primary Navy strategic nuclear deterrent, the Navy concluded that it no longer needed carrier-based strategic bombers and that Naval Aviation's strike arm would remain strictly a tactical force. Having been designed as a supersonic nuclear strike bomber, aircraft such as the A-5A no longer had a mission, and in 1963 the Navy decided to halt any further procurement of the A-5A and the follow-on A-5B. However, in lieu of prematurely retiring the Vigilante, it was deemed that it would be reconfigured as a dedicated multi-sensor reconnaissance platform under the designation RA-5C.
Following its return from Operation Sea Orbit, the squadron commenced transitioning to the RA-5C and the Peacemakers were redesignated as RVAH-7 on 1 December 1964.
Attrition of airframes and the increasing maintenance and flight hour costs of the RA-5C in a constrained defense budget environment forced the Navy to incrementally retire the RA-5C and sunset the RVAH community beginning in mid-1974. RVAH-7 was the last Fleet RVAH squadron to operate the RA-5C and the last to deploy with it overseas. With the retirement of the RA-5C, carrier-based reconnaissance was conducted by the active duty VFP community at Naval Air Station Miramar and the Naval Reserve VFP community at Andrews AFB / NAF Washington with the RF-8G Crusader while the reconnaissance mission transitioned to the active duty fighter (VF) community utilizing selectively modified F-14A Tomcat aircraft modified with the Tactical Air Reconnaissance Pod System (TARPS). On 29 March 1987, the last RF-8G was retired and the carrier-based reconnaissance mission was fully transferred to the active duty and Naval Reserve VF community at NAS Miramar, Naval Air Station Oceana, Naval Air Station Dallas and NAS JRB Fort Worth as a secondary role with the F-14 Tomcat equipped with the Tactical Air Reconnaissance Pod System (TARPS). The wet film-based TARPS would later be succeeded by Digital TARPS (D-TARPS) that would equip F-14A, F-14B and F-14D aircraft. With the retirement of the F-14, D-TARPS would be replaccd by the Shared Reconnaissance Pod (SHARP) on F/A-18E and F/A-18F Super Hornet aircraft in strike fighter (VFA) squadrons.
Following its return from its final Western Pacific deployment in late 1979, RVAH-7 was disestablished as the last remaining Fleet RVAH squadron at Naval Air Station Key West on 28 September 1979 following nearly 29 years of active service. [9] Upon disestablishment, the RVAH 7 remaining squadron members prepared the last three RA-5C Vigilantes for their final flight. One of the aircraft was flown to Naval Air Station Millington, Tennessee to be set on a pedestal for static display outside the gate of the Air Station. The two remaining aircraft were flown to Naval Air Station China Lake to be used as targets at the China Lake weapons ranges. After nearly 30 years of sitting in the desert, NE611, BUNO 156615 was discovered relatively intact and completely restored in 2012 by the Castle Air Museum restoration team. It is now on display at the Castle Air Museum at the former Castle AFB in Atwater, California.
The squadron was assigned to these home stations:
The Douglas A-3 Skywarrior is a jet-powered strategic bomber that was developed and produced by the Douglas Aircraft Company. It was designed by Douglas on behalf of the United States Navy, which sought a carrier-capable strategic bomber. During July 1949, Douglas was awarded the contract to produce its design, having bested eight other aircraft companies' submissions. Unlike rival designs, which had aimed for a 100,000 lb (45,000 kg) maximum take-off weight, the Skywarrior was developed for a 68,000 lb (31,000 kg) take-off weight, facilitating its use from the navy's existing Midway-class aircraft carriers. Large portions of the aircraft were produced by the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, including its early Westinghouse J40 turbojet engines, which failed to meet promises and were replaced by the rival Pratt & Whitney J57 engine by mid-1953. On 28 October 1952, the prototype XA3D-1 performed the type's maiden flight.
The North American A-5 Vigilante is an American carrier-based supersonic bomber designed and built by North American Aviation (NAA) for the United States Navy. Before the 1962 unification of Navy and Air Force designations, it was designated A3J.
The North American AJ Savage is an American carrier-based medium bomber built for the United States Navy by North American Aviation. The aircraft was designed shortly after World War II to carry atomic bombs and this meant that the bomber was the heaviest aircraft thus far designed to operate from an aircraft carrier. It was powered by two piston engines and a turbojet buried in the rear fuselage. The AJ-1 first became operational in 1950 and several were based in South Korea during 1953 as a deterrent against North Korea. Of the 140 built, plus three prototypes, 30 were reconnaissance aircraft. Inflight-refueling equipment was deployed on the Savage in the mid-1950s. The bomber was replaced by the Douglas A3D Skywarrior beginning in 1957. The type was used after its military service for some additional experiments including microgravity test flights and to test a new jet engine in the 1960s and 70s.
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Naval Air Station Sanford was a naval air station of the United States Navy in Sanford, Florida, approximately 20 miles north of Orlando, Florida. Opening less than a year after the start of World War II, NAS Sanford's initial function was as an advanced training base for land-based patrol bombers, followed by carrier-based fighter aircraft. The air station briefly closed in 1946 and was placed in caretaker status until being reactivated in 1950. It eventually served as a Master Jet Base for carrier-based heavy attack and reconnaissance aircraft until 1969. After its closure, it reopened as civilian general aviation airport under various names with a non-Navy civilian airport identifier until finally transitioning to a scheduled air carrier airport under its current name of Orlando-Sanford International Airport.
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VAP-62 was a Heavy Photographic Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Photographic Squadron Sixty-Two (VJ-62) on 10 April 1952, it was redesignated as Heavy Photographic Squadron (VAP-62) on 2 July 1956. The squadron was disestablished on 15 October 1969.
RVAH-1 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Heavy Attack Squadron One (VAH-1) on 1 November 1955, it was redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron One (RVAH-1) on 1 September 1964. The squadron was disestablished on 29 January 1979.
RVAH-6 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Composite Squadron Six (VC-6) on 6 January 1950, it was redesignated as Heavy Attack Squadron Six (VAH-6) on 1 July 1956 and was redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Six (RVAH-6) on 23 September 1965. The squadron was disestablished on 20 October 1978.
RVAH-9 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Composite Squadron Nine (VC-9) on 15 January 1953, it was redesignated as Heavy Attack Squadron Nine (VAH-9) on 1 November 1955 and was redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Nine (RVAH-9) on 3 June 1964. The squadron was disestablished on 30 September 1977.
RVAH-13 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Heavy Attack Squadron Thirteen (VAH-13) on 3 January 1961 it was redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Thirteen (RVAH-13) on 1 November 1964. The squadron was disestablished on 30 June 1976.
RVAH-5 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Composite Squadron Five (VC-5) at Naval Air Station Moffett Field, California on 9 September 1948, it was redesignated as Heavy Attack Squadron Five (VAH-5) on 1 November 1955 and was later redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Five (RVAH-5) in May 1964. The squadron was disestablished on 30 September 1977.
RVAH-11 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. Originally established as Composite Squadron Eight (VC-8) on 3 December 1951, it was redesignated Heavy Attack Squadron Eleven (VAH-11) on 1 November 1955 and was redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Eleven (RVAH-11) on 1 July 1966. The squadron was disestablished on 1 June 1975.
RVAH-3 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy that served as the Fleet Replacement Squadron (FRS) for the RVAH community. Originally established as Heavy Attack Squadron Three (VAH-3) on 15 June 1956, it was redesignated as Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron Three (RVAH-3) on 1 July 1964. The squadron was disestablished on 17 August 1979.
RVAH-12 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established on 1 July 1965 and disestablished on 2 July 1979.
RVAH-14 was a Reconnaissance Attack (Heavy) Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established on 14 February 1968 and disestablished on 1 May 1974.