Ripon (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Ripon
Former County constituency
for the House of Commons
Ripon 1974 Location.svg
Boundary of Ripon in the West Riding of Yorkshire, 1974-1983
County West Riding of Yorkshire
1885–1983
SeatsOne
Replaced by Skipton and Ripon, Leeds North West, Keighley and Shipley [1]
1295–1885
SeatsTwo until 1868, then one
Type of constituency Borough constituency

Ripon was a constituency sending members to the House of Commons of England, Great Britain and the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1983, centred on the city of Ripon in North Yorkshire.

Contents

History

Ripon was first represented in the Model Parliament of 1295, and also returned members in 1307 and 1337, but it was not permanently represented until 1553, after which it returned two Members of Parliament. It was a parliamentary borough consisting only of the town of Ripon itself until the Great Reform Act of 1832; the right to vote was vested in the holders of the tightly controlled burgage tenements — count-of-head polls were accordingly rare — for, the last contested election in Ripon before the Reform Act 1832 was in 1715. By 1832 it was estimated that there were 43 men qualified to vote; the total of adult males over age 20 in the township in 1831 was recorded at 3,571. [2]

Such a burgeoning middle class population when considered under the 1832 Reform Act made for Ripon a relatively major borough; its qualifying freehold-owning or more expensive house-leasing electorate were supplemented by such electors in neighbouring Aismunderby-cum-Bondgate. The sum of these male electors returned two members to each parliament. The next Reform Act which came into force at the 1868 election reduced Ripon's representation from two MPs to one and enfranchised many of the under-represented high-growth areas of Britain.

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 abolished the borough of Ripon; instead the county constituency in which the town was placed as a result was named Ripon (strictly speaking, at first, "The Ripon Division of the West Riding of Yorkshire"), and this continued as a single member constituency, with intervening boundary changes until it was abolished before the 1983 general election. Until 1950 it included, as well as Ripon itself, the towns of Harrogate and Knaresborough; the post-1950 guise took in Ilkley and Otley.

Boundaries

1885–1918: The Borough of Ripon, the Sessional Divisions of Claro and Kirkby Malzeard, and the Liberty of Ripon.

1918–1950: The Boroughs of Ripon and Harrogate, the Urban District of Knaresborough, the Rural Districts of Knaresborough, Pateley Bridge, and Ripon, and part of the Rural District of Great Ouseburn.

1950–1983: The Borough of Ripon, the Urban Districts of Ilkley and Otley, and the Rural Districts of Ripon and Pateley Bridge, and Wharfedale.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1553–1640

ParliamentFirst memberSecond member
1553 (Oct) Marmaduke Wyvill Edward Beseley [3]
1554 (Apr) William Rastell John Temple [3]
1554 (Nov) Thomas More II Thomas Seckford [3]
1555 John Holmes Thomas Poley [3]
1558 William Heath Thomas Lewknor [3]
1559 Francis Kempe John Sapcote [4]
1562–3 George Leighe Richard Pratt [4]
1571 Martin Birkhead Anthony Roane [4]
1572 Martin Birkhead John Scott [4]
1584 William Spencer Gervase Lee [4]
1586 William Spencer Samuel Sandys [4]
1588 Peter York William Smith [4]
1593 Anthony Wingfield William Bennet [4]
1597 Sir John Bennet Christopher Perkins [4]
1601 John Thornborough Christopher Perkins [4]
1604 Sir John Mallory Sir John Bennet
1614 Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby William Mallory
1621 Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby William Mallory
1624 Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby William Mallory
1625 Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby William Mallory
1626 Thomas Best Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby
1628 Sir Thomas Posthumous Hoby William Mallory
1629–1640No Parliaments summoned

MPs 1640–1867

YearFirst memberFirst partySecond memberSecond party
November 1640 William Mallory Royalist John Mallory Royalist
September 1642William Mallory disabled to sit - seat vacant
January 1644John Mallory disabled to sit - seat vacant
1645 Sir Charles Egerton Miles Moody (d. March 1647)
1647 Sir John Bourchier
December 1648Egerton excluded in Pride's Purge - seat vacant
1653Ripon was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament and the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate
January 1659 Edmund Jennings Jonathan Jennings
May 1659 Not represented in the restored Rump
April 1660 Henry Arthington Edmund Jennings
1661 John Nicholas Thomas Burwell
1673 Sir Edmund Jennings
February 1679 Richard Sterne
August 1679 Christopher Wandesford
1685 Sir Gilbert Dolben, 1st Baronet Sir Edmund Jennings
1689 Sir Jonathan Jennings Sir Edward Blackett, Bt
1690 Sir Edmund Jennings
1691 Jonathan Jennings
1695 John Aislabie Tory
1701 John Sharp
1702 Sir William Hustler
1705 John Aislabie [5] Tory, later Country Whig
1715 The Viscount Castlecomer
1719 William Aislabie I
1721 William Aislabie II Tory [6]
1722 John Scrope
1727 William Aislabie III
1734 Thomas Duncombe
1741 Hon. Henry Vane Whig
1747 Sir Charles Vernon
1761 William Lawrence
1768 Charles Allanson
1775 William Lawrence Tory [6]
1780 Frederick Robinson Tory [6]
1781 William Lawrence Tory [6]
1787 Sir John Goodricke, Bt Tory [6]
1789 Sir George Allanson-Winn, Bt [7] Tory [6]
April 1798 John Heathcote Tory [6]
October 1798 Sir James Graham, Bt Tory [6]
1806 The Lord Headley Tory [6]
1807 F. J. Robinson Tory [6] George Gipps Tory [6]
1826 Lancelot Shadwell Tory [6]
1827 Louis Hayes Petit Tory [6]
1828 Sir Robert Inglis Tory [6]
1829 George Spence Tory [6]
1831 Whig [6] Whig [6]
1832 Thomas Staveley Whig [6] Joshua Crompton Whig [6]
1835 Sir Charles Dalbiac Conservative [6] Thomas Pemberton Conservative [6]
1837 Sir Edward Sugden Conservative [6]
1841 Sir George Cockburn Conservative [6]
1843 Thomas Cusack-Smith Conservative
1846Hon. Edwin Lascelles Conservative [6]
1847 Sir James Graham, Bt Peelite [8] [9] [10] [11]
1852 William Beckett Conservative
1857 John Ashley Warre Whig [12] [13] [14] John Greenwood Whig [15]
1859 Liberal Liberal
1860 Reginald Vyner Liberal
1865 Sir Charles Wood Liberal Robert Kearsley Liberal
1866 Lord John Hay Liberal
1868 Representation reduced to one member

MPs 1868–1983

ElectionMemberParty
1868 Lord John Hay Liberal
1871 by-election Sir Henry Knight Storks Liberal
1874 Earl de Grey Liberal
1880 George Goschen Liberal
1885 Ripon parliamentary borough abolished, replaced by Ripon Division of the West Riding (county constituency)
1885 William Harker Liberal
1886 John Lloyd Wharton Conservative
1906 H. F. B. Lynch Liberal
Jan. 1910 Hon. Edward Wood Conservative
1925 by-election John Hills Conservative
1939 by-election Christopher York Conservative
1950 Sir Malcolm Stoddart-Scott Conservative
1973 by-election David Austick Liberal
Feb 1974 Dr Keith Hampson Conservative
1983 constituency abolished

Election results

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Ripon [6] [16] [17]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Tory Louis Hayes Petit Unopposed
Tory George Spence Unopposed
Tory hold
Tory hold
General election 1831: Ripon [6] [16] [17]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Louis Hayes Petit Unopposed
Whig George Spence Unopposed
Registered electors 43
Whig gain from Tory
Whig gain from Tory
General election 1832: Ripon [6] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Thomas Kitchingman Staveley 168 25.6
Whig Joshua Samuel Crompton 168 25.6
Tory James Charles Dalbiac 16224.7
Tory William Markham15924.2
Majority60.9
Turnout 33096.8
Registered electors 341
Whig hold
Whig hold
General election 1835: Ripon [6] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative James Charles Dalbiac 246 40.6 +15.9
Conservative Thomas Pemberton 235 38.8 +14.6
Whig Thomas Kitchingman Staveley12520.6−30.6
Majority11018.2N/A
Turnout 36094.0−2.8
Registered electors 383
Conservative gain from Whig Swing +15.6
Conservative gain from Whig Swing +15.0
General election 1837: Ripon [6] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Pemberton Unopposed
Conservative Edward Sugden Unopposed
Registered electors 424
Conservative hold
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1841: Ripon [6] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Pemberton Unopposed
Conservative Edward Sugden Unopposed
Registered electors 373
Conservative hold
Conservative hold

Sugden resigned after being appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland, causing a by-election.

By-election, 27 September 1841: Ripon [6] [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative George Cockburn Unopposed
Conservative hold

Pemberton resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election,

By-election, 18 March 1843: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Cusack-Smith Unopposed
Conservative hold

Cusack-Smith resigned after being appointed Master of the Rolls in Ireland, causing a by-election.

By-election, 2 February 1846: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Edwin Lacelles Unopposed
Conservative hold
General election 1847: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Edwin Lacelles Unopposed
Peelite James Graham Unopposed
Registered electors 350
Conservative hold
Peelite gain from Conservative

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative William Beckett 266 49.0 N/A
Conservative Edwin Lascelles 202 37.2 N/A
Radical Augustus Newton [18] 7513.8New
Majority12723.4N/A
Turnout 309 (est)87.5 (est)N/A
Registered electors 353
Conservative hold Swing N/A
Conservative gain from Peelite Swing N/A
General election 1857: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Ashley Warre Unopposed
Whig John Greenwood Unopposed
Registered electors 339
Whig gain from Conservative
Whig gain from Conservative
General election 1859: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Greenwood 223 48.6 N/A
Liberal John Ashley Warre 205 44.7 N/A
Liberal Alfred Bates Richards [19] 316.8N/A
Majority17437.9N/A
Turnout 230 (est)68.1 (est)N/A
Registered electors 337
Liberal hold Swing N/A
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1860s

Warre's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 22 December 1860: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Reginald Vyner 187 100.0 N/A
Chartist Frederick Richard Lees [20] 00New
Majority187100.0N/A
Turnout 18754.5−13.6
Registered electors 343
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Lees retired before polling day. [21]

General election 1865: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Charles Wood 215 37.3 N/A
Liberal Robert Kearsley 189 32.8 N/A
Liberal John Greenwood 17330.0−18.6
Majority162.8−35.1
Turnout 289 (est)82.9 (est)+14.8
Registered electors 348
Liberal hold Swing N/A
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Wood was elevated to the peerage becoming 1st Viscount Halifax and causing a by-election.

By-election, 26 February 1866: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hay Unopposed
Liberal hold

Hay was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 28 March 1866: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hay Unopposed
Liberal hold

Seat reduced to one member

General election 1868: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hay 554 57.6 N/A
Conservative George Cayley 40842.4New
Majority14615.2+12.4
Turnout 96285.0+2.1
Registered electors 1,132
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Hay was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 21 December 1868: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hay Unopposed
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1870s

Hay resigned, causing a by-election.

By-election, 15 Feb 1871: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Henry Knight Storks 522 63.3 +5.7
Conservative George Cayley 30236.7−5.7
Majority22026.6+11.4
Turnout 82479.6−5.4
Registered electors 1,035
Liberal hold Swing +5.7
General election 1874: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Frederick Robinson Unopposed
Registered electors 1,025
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: Ripon [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal George Goschen 591 62.0 N/A
Conservative Francis Darwin [22] 36238.0New
Majority22924.0N/A
Turnout 95387.7N/A
Registered electors 1,087
Liberal hold Swing N/A
General election 1885: Ripon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal William Harker 3,985 51.1 −10.9
Conservative John Lloyd Wharton 3,82048.9+10.9
Majority1652.2−21.8
Turnout 7,80586.3−1.4
Registered electors 9,049
Liberal hold Swing −10.9
J. L. Wharton John Lloyd Wharton.jpg
J. L. Wharton
General election 1886: Ripon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Lloyd Wharton 4,113 56.8 +7.9
Liberal Claude Ashley Charles Ponsonby [24] 3,12543.2−7.9
Majority98813.6N/A
Turnout 7,23880.0−6.3
Registered electors 9,049
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +7.9

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Ripon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Lloyd Wharton 4,268 53.9 −2.9
Liberal Henry Leetham3,65746.1+2.9
Majority6117.8−5.8
Turnout 7,92577.7−2.3
Registered electors 10,199
Conservative hold Swing −2.9
Phillimore Robert Charles Phillimore.jpg
Phillimore
General election 1895: Ripon [25]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Lloyd Wharton 4,435 54.3 +0.4
Liberal Robert Charles Phillimore 3,73345.7−0.4
Majority7028.6+0.8
Turnout 8,16879.9+2.2
Registered electors 10,219
Conservative hold Swing +0.4

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Ripon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Lloyd Wharton Unopposed
Conservative hold
Henry Lynch Henry Lynch.jpg
Henry Lynch
General election 1906: Ripon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal H. F. B. Lynch 5,645 51.4 New
Conservative John Lloyd Wharton 5,33248.6N/A
Majority3132.8N/A
Turnout 10,97786.9N/A
Registered electors 12,635
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

General election January 1910: Ripon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Edward Wood 6,363 55.4 +6.8
Liberal H. F. B. Lynch 5,11944.6−6.8
Majority1,24410.8N/A
Turnout 11,48289.3+2.4
Registered electors 12,860
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +6.8
General election December 1910: Ripon [26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Edward Wood 5,894 54.0 −1.4
Liberal Norman Rae 5,02046.0+1.4
Majority8748.0−2.8
Turnout 10,91484.9−4.4
Registered electors 12,860
Conservative hold Swing −1.4

General election 1914–15:

Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

General election 1918: Ripon [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Edward Wood Unopposed
Unionist hold
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1922: Ripon [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Edward Wood Unopposed
Unionist hold
General election 1923: Ripon [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Edward Wood Unopposed
Unionist hold
General election 1924: Ripon [27]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Edward Wood Unopposed
Unionist hold
1925 Ripon by-election [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist John Hills 16,433 59.0 N/A
Liberal John Murray 11,42241.0New
Majority5,01118.0N/A
Turnout 27,85574.6N/A
Registered electors 37,338
Unionist hold Swing N/A
General election 1929: Ripon [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist John Hills 23,173 55.1 N/A
Liberal Frederick L. Boult14,54234.6N/A
Labour Arthur Godfrey4,33910.3New
Majority8,63120.5N/A
Turnout 42,05476.2N/A
Registered electors 55,191
Unionist hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1931: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Hills 37,898 88.1 +33.0
Labour Robert Joseph Hall5,12511.9+1.6
Majority32,77376.2+55.7
Turnout 43,02373.7−2.5
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1935: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Hills 30,804 77.16
Labour Robert Joseph Hall9,11622.84
Majority21,68854.32
Turnout 39,92068.64
Conservative hold Swing
1939 Ripon by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Christopher York 23,257 69.49
Labour Robert Joseph Hall10,21330.51
Majority13,04438.98
Turnout 33,470
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Christopher York 29,674 61.3 −15.9
Labour R. Hartley12,59926.0+3.2
Liberal Mabel Cowley6,12212.6New
Majority17,07535.3−19.0
Turnout 48,39569.8+1.2
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1950: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 22,292 66.3 +5.0
Labour W. S. Hill11,31733.7+7.7
Majority10,97532.6−2.7
Turnout 33,60984.0+14.2
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1951: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 23,047 68.4 +2.1
Labour Sydney J. Andrews10,62731.6−2.1
Majority12,42036.9+4.3
Turnout 33,67483.2−0.8
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1955: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 21,977 68.9 +0.5
Labour Eric Brierley9,91231.1−0.5
Majority12,06537.8+0.9
Turnout 34,04278.8−4.4
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1959: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 22,757 69.9 +1.0
Labour Joseph H. Swann9,79130.1−1.0
Majority12,96639.8+2.0
Turnout 32,54879.0+0.2
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1964: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 18,503 54.9 −15.0
Liberal Ronald H. H. Duncan7,81423.2New
Labour Peter A. O'Grady7,34121.8−8.3
Majority10,68931.7−8.1
Turnout 33,65880.6+1.6
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1966: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 17,352 52.2 −2.7
Labour Michael McGowan 8,60725.9+4.1
Liberal Ronald H. H. Duncan7,30122.0−1.2
Majority8,74526.3−5.4
Turnout 33,26078.9−1.7
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1970: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Malcolm Stoddart-Scott 21,211 60.7 +8.5
Labour David Daniel9,14726.2+1.3
Liberal Valerie S. Craven4,58313.1−8.9
Majority12,06434.5+8.2
Turnout 34,94173.6−5.3
Conservative hold Swing
1973 Ripon by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal David Austick 13,902 43.5 +30.4
Conservative Keith Hampson 12,95640.5−20.2
Labour David Mark English4,43513.9−12.3
Ind. Conservative R. E. G. Simmerson6902.1New
Majority9463.0N/A
Turnout 31,98364.3−9.3
Registered electors 49,761
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing
General election February 1974: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Keith Hampson 21,080 49.6 −11.1
Liberal David Austick 16,74539.4+26.3
Labour David Mark English4,64310.9−15.3
Majority4,33510.2−24.3
Turnout 42,46885.4+11.8
Conservative hold Swing
General election October 1974: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Keith Hampson 20,636 52.1 +2.5
Liberal David Austick 13,63234.3−5.1
Labour Stephen Peter Meyer5,33013.5+2.6
Majority7,00417.8+7.6
Turnout 39,59878.9−6.5
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1979: Ripon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Keith Hampson 25,292 60.3 +8.2
Liberal Robert Tennant9,08921.7−12.6
Labour William Neil Davies6,74916.1+2.6
Ecology Alistair Laurence7811.9New
Majority16,20338.6+20.8
Turnout 41,91178.8−0.1
Conservative hold Swing

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coventry (UK Parliament constituency)</span> Parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom, 1885–1945

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Newcastle-upon-Tyne was a parliamentary borough in the county of Northumberland of the House of Commons of England from 1283 to 1706, then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs), elected by the bloc vote system.

Wilton was the name of a parliamentary borough in Wiltshire. It was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England from 1295 to 1707, then in the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and finally in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918. It had two Members of Parliament (MPs) until 1832, but from 1832 to 1885 only one member, as a result of the Reform Act 1832 where it also absorbed the former rotten borough of Old Sarum. In 1885 the borough was abolished, but the name of the constituency was then transferred to a new county constituency electing one Member from 1885 until 1918.

East Worcestershire was a county constituency in the county of Worcestershire, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

Stoke-upon-Trent was a parliamentary borough in Staffordshire, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1832 until 1885, and then one member from 1885 until 1918, when the borough was enlarged, renamed Stoke-on-Trent, and split into three single-member constituencies.

References

  1. ↑ "'Ripon', Feb 1974 - May 1983". ElectionWeb Project. Cognitive Computing Limited. Archived from the original on 3 April 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  2. ↑ http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10465813/cube/OCC_PAR1831_TOT University of Portsmouth and others.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 14 October 2011.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 14 October 2011.
  5. ↑ Expelled from the House of Commons in 1721 for his role in the South Sea Bubble.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 164–167. Retrieved 29 November 2018– via Google Books.
  7. ↑ Lord Headley (in the peerage of Ireland) from 1797.
  8. ↑ Creighton, Mandell (1890). "Graham, James Robert George"  . In Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sidney (eds.). Dictionary of National Biography . Vol. 22. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  9. ↑ Maccoby, S, ed. (2002). English Radicalism 1853-1886. London: Routledge. p. 12. ISBN   0-415-26574-6 . Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  10. ↑ Smith, Francis Barrymore (1973). "The English Republic". Radical Artisan: William James Linton 1812-97. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 111. ISBN   0-7190-0531-0 . Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  11. ↑ "The Yorkshire Elections" . Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 28 July 1847. p. 7. Retrieved 1 July 2018– via British Newspaper Archive.
  12. ↑ Jenkins, Terry. "WARRE, John Ashley (1787–1860), of West Newton Manor, nr. Taunton, Som.; West Cliff House, Ramsgate, Kent and 71 Belgrave Square, Mdx". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  13. ↑ The Spectator, Volume 7. F. C. Westley. 1834. p. 316. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  14. ↑ Gash, Norman (2013). Politics in the Age of Peel: A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation, 1830–1850. Faber & Faber. ISBN   9780571302901 . Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  15. ↑ "Election Intelligence" . Bradford Observer. 2 April 1857. p. 7. Retrieved 1 July 2018– via British Newspaper Archive.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   978-1-349-02349-3.
  17. 1 2 Casey, Martin. "Ripon". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
  18. ↑ "Ripon Election" . Yorkshire Gazette . 3 July 1852. p. 8. Retrieved 1 July 2018– via British Newspaper Archive.
  19. ↑ "Election News" . Leeds Intelligencer . 30 April 1859. p. 5. Retrieved 1 July 2018– via British Newspaper Archive.
  20. ↑ "Ripon Election" . Yorkshire Gazette . 22 December 1860. p. 3. Retrieved 17 March 2018– via British Newspaper Archive.
  21. ↑ "Ripon Election" . Manchester Times . 22 December 1860. p. 5. Retrieved 17 March 2018– via British Newspaper Archive.
  22. ↑ "Mr Francis Darwin" . East Anglian Daily Times . 14 June 1880. p. 2. Retrieved 10 December 2017– via British Newspaper Archive.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 British parliamentary election results, 1885-1918 (Craig).
  24. ↑ "Ripon Division" . Daily Gazette for Middlesbrough. 19 June 1886. p. 3. Retrieved 10 December 2017– via British Newspaper Archive.
  25. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons 1901.
  26. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons 1916.
  27. 1 2 3 4 British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, F. W. S. Craig.
  28. 1 2 F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow 1949.
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