Rosemary Casals

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Rosie Casals
Rosie Casals 1981 (cropped).jpeg
Rosie Casals, 1981
Full nameRosemary Casals
ITF nameRosie Casals
Country (sports)Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Born (1948-09-16) September 16, 1948 (age 76)
San Francisco, California
Height5 ft 2+12 in (1.59 m)
Turned pro1968
PlaysRight-handed
Prize moneyUS$ 1,362,222
Int. Tennis HoF 1996 (member page)
Singles
Career record595–325
Career titles0
Highest rankingNo. 3 (1970)
Grand Slam singles results
Australian Open SF (1967)
French Open QF (1969, 1970)
Wimbledon SF (1967, 1969, 1970, 1972)
US Open F (1970, 1971)
Doubles
Career record508–214
Grand Slam doubles results
Australian Open F (1969)
French Open F (1968, 1970, 1982)
Wimbledon W (1967, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1973)
US Open W (1967, 1971, 1974, 1982)
Other doubles tournaments
Tour Finals W (1971, 1973, 1974)
Career titles3
Grand Slam mixed doubles results
Australian Open SF (1969)
French Open SF (1969, 1970, 1972)
Wimbledon W (1970, 1972)
US Open W (1975)
Team competitions
Fed Cup W (1970, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981)
Wightman Cup W (1967, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982)

Rosemary "Rosie" Casals (born September 16, 1948) is an American former professional tennis player. During a tennis career that spanned more than two decades, she won more than 90 titles and was crucial to many of the changes in women's tennis during the 1960s and 1970s.

Contents

Early life

Casals was born in 1948 in San Francisco to parents who had immigrated to the United States from El Salvador. [1] One of her paternal great-uncles was the world renowned Spanish cellist Pablo Casals, whom she would never meet. [2] Less than a year after Casals was born, her parents decided they could not care for her and her older sister Victoria. Casals's great-uncle and great-aunt, Manuel and Maria Casals, raised them as their own. [1] When the children grew older, Manuel Casals took them to the public tennis courts of San Francisco and taught them how to play the game. He became the only coach Casals had. [1] However, Nick Carter, gave some lessons. Casals attended San Francisco's George Washington High School. [3]

At five-feet-two-inches tall, she was one of the shorter players on the court. [4] Traditionally, tennis was a sport practiced in expensive country clubs. Casals's ethnic heritage and poor background immediately set her apart from most of the other players. "The other kids had nice tennis clothes, nice rackets, nice white shoes, and came in Cadillacs," Casals told a reporter for People. "I felt stigmatized because we were poor." [1] [5]

Later in her career, she became known for her brightly colored outfits, designed for her by Ted Tinling. [6]

Tennis career

Casals was known as a determined player who used any shot available to her to score a point. "I wanted to be someone," Casals was quoted as saying in Alida M. Thacher's Raising a Racket: Rosie Casals. "I knew I was good, and winning tournaments — it's a kind of way of being accepted." By age 16, Casals was the top junior and women's level player in Northern California. At 17, she was ranked eleventh in the U.S. In 1966, she and Billie Jean King, her doubles partner, won the U.S. hard-court and indoor tournaments. In 1967, Casals and King took the doubles crown at Wimbledon [7] and at the United States and South African championships. The two became one of the more successful duos in tennis history. Casals was also a successful individual player, ranking third among U.S. women during this period.[ citation needed ]

Casals also became involved in World Team Tennis, and she played with the Detroit Loves in 1974, the Los Angeles Strings from 1975 through 1977, the Anaheim Oranges in 1978, and the Oakland Breakers in 1982, before serving as the player-coach of the San Diego Friars in 1983. She later played for the St. Louis Eagles in 1984, the Chicago Fyre in 1985, the Miami Beach Breakers in 1986, and the Fresno Sun-Nets in 1988. [8]

Casals won 112 professional doubles tournaments, the second most in history behind Martina Navratilova. [9] Her last doubles championship was at the 1988 tournament in Oakland, California, where her partner was Navratilova. [9]

Casals played in a total of 685 singles and doubles tournaments during her career. [6]

Fights for rights of professional and women players

With Billie Jean King, Casals challenged the large difference in prize monies awarded to male and female players. Women earned much smaller prizes. In 1970, Casals and other women threatened to boycott the Pacific Southwest Championships if they were not paid higher prize money and not given more media attention. The ruling body of U.S. tennis, the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA), refused to listen to their demands. In response, the women established the 1970 Virginia Slims Invitational. The attention generated by this successful tournament, which was won by Casals, quickly brought about the formation of other women's tournaments and greater prize monies for women.[ citation needed ]

In 1979, the Supersisters trading card set was produced and distributed; one of the cards featured Casals's name and picture. [10]

Post-tennis career and personal life

Casals underwent knee surgery in 1978 and was forced to change career directions. Since 1981 she has been president of Sportswomen, Inc., a California company she formed to promote a Women's Classic tour for older female players. She also began the Midnight Productions television company. In 1990, she again teamed with Billie Jean King, this time to win the U.S. Open Seniors' women's doubles championship. She was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1996.[ citation needed ]

Portrayal in film

Grand Slam finals

Singles: 2 (2 runner-ups)

ResultYearChampionshipSurfaceOpponentScore
Loss1970 US Open Grass Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court 2–6, 6–2, 1–6
Loss1971US OpenGrass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King 4–6, 6–7(2–5)

Women's doubles: 21 (9 titles, 12 runner-ups)

ResultYearChampionshipSurfacePartnerOpponentsScore
Loss1966 U.S. Championships Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Brazil.svg Maria Bueno
Flag of the United States.svg Nancy Richey
3–6, 4–6
Win1967 Wimbledon Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Brazil.svg Maria Bueno
Flag of the United States.svg Nancy Richey
9–11, 6–4, 6–2
Win1967 U.S. Championships Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of the United States.svg Mary-Ann Eisel
Flag of the United States.svg Donna Floyd Fales
4–6, 6–3, 6–4
Loss1968 French Open Clay Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ann Haydon-Jones
5–7, 6–4, 4–6
Win1968Wimbledon (2)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Ann Haydon-Jones
3–6, 6–4, 7–5
Loss1968US Open (2)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Brazil.svg Maria Bueno
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
6–4, 7–9, 6–8
Loss1969 Australian Open Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Judy Tegart Dalton
4–6, 4–6
Loss1970French Open (2)Clay Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of France.svg Gail Lovera
1–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win1970Wimbledon (3)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Virginia Wade
6–2, 6–3
Loss1970US Open (3)Grass Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Virginia Wade Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Julie Tegart Dalton
3–6, 4–6
Win1971Wimbledon (4)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Evonne Goolagong
6–3, 6–2
Win1971US Open (2)Grass Flag of Australia (converted).svg Judy Tegart Dalton Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of France.svg Gail Lovera
6–3, 6–3
Win1973Wimbledon (5)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Betty Stöve
6–1, 4–6, 7–5
Loss1973US Open (4)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Virginia Wade
6–3, 3–6, 5–7
Win1974US Open (3)Grass Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Betty Stöve
7–6, 6–7, 6–4
Loss1975US Open (5)Clay Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Virginia Wade
5–7, 6–2, 6–7
Loss1980French Open (2)Clay Flag of Australia (converted).svg Wendy Turnbull Flag of the United States.svg Anne Smith
Flag of the United States.svg Martina Navratilova
3–6, 4–6
Loss1980 Wimbledon Grass Flag of Australia (converted).svg Wendy Turnbull Flag of the United States.svg Kathy Jordan
Flag of the United States.svg Anne Smith
6–4, 5–7, 1–6
Loss1981US Open (6)Hard Flag of Australia (converted).svg Wendy Turnbull Flag of the United States.svg Kathy Jordan
Flag of the United States.svg Anne Smith
3–6, 3–6
Win1982US Open (4)Hard Flag of Australia (converted).svg Wendy Turnbull Flag of the United States.svg Barbara Potter
Flag of the United States.svg Sharon Walsh
6–4, 6–4
Loss1983Wimbledon (2)Grass Flag of Australia (converted).svg Wendy Turnbull Flag of the United States.svg Pam Shriver
Flag of the United States.svg Martina Navratilova
2–6, 2–6

Mixed doubles: 6 (3 titles, 3 runner-ups)

ResultYearChampionshipSurfacePartnerOpponentsScore
Loss1967 U.S. Championships [12] Grass Flag of the United States.svg Stan Smith Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Owen Davidson
3–6, 2–6
Win1970 Wimbledon Grass Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Ilie Năstase Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Olga Morozova
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Alex Metreveli
6–3, 4–6, 9–7
Win1972Wimbledon (2)Grass Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Ilie Năstase Flag of Australia (converted).svg Evonne Goolagong
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Kim Warwick
6–4, 6–4
Loss1972US Open (2)Grass Flag of Romania (1965-1989).svg Ilie Năstase Flag of Australia (converted).svg Margaret Court
Flag of the United States.svg Marty Riessen
3–6, 5–7
Win1975 US Open Clay Flag of the United States.svg Dick Stockton Flag of Australia (converted).svg Fred Stolle
Flag of the United States.svg Billie Jean King
6–3, 6–7, 6–3
Loss1976 Wimbledon Grass Flag of the United States.svg Dick Stockton Flag of France.svg Françoise Dürr
Flag of Australia (converted).svg Tony Roche
3–6, 6–2, 5–7

Grand Slam singles tournament timeline

Key
W F SFQF#RRRQ#DNQANH
(W) winner; (F) finalist; (SF) semifinalist; (QF) quarterfinalist; (#R) rounds 4, 3, 2, 1; (RR) round-robin stage; (Q#) qualification round; (DNQ) did not qualify; (A) absent; (NH) not held; (SR) strike rate (events won / competed); (W–L) win–loss record.
Tournament1964196519661967196819691970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Career SR
Australia AAA SF QF QF AAAAAAAA / AAA 1R 1R AAAA0 / 5
France AAA 4R 4R QF QF A 1R AAAAAA 1R A 2R AAAA0 / 7
Wimbledon (UK) AA 4R SF 4R SF SF 2R SF QF 4R 4R QF QF A 3R 2R 1R 2R 3R 1R A0 / 18
United States 3R 1R SF 4R 3R SF F F QF QF QF 1R QF 4R A 1R 1R 4R 2R 3R 2R 2R 0 / 21
SR0 / 10 / 10 / 20 / 40 / 40 / 40 / 30 / 20 / 30 / 20 / 20 / 20 / 20 / 20 / 00 / 30 / 30 / 40 / 20 / 20 / 20 / 10 / 51

Note: The Australian Open was held twice in 1977, in January and December.

Casals was originally seeded 14th for the 1978 Wimbledon Championships, but a knee injury forced her withdrawal before the draw was made [13]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Telgen, Diane, ed. (1993). Notable Hispanic American Women (1. ed.). Detroit: Gale Research. pp. 81–83. ISBN   9780810375789.
  2. Rosemary Casals. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/casals-rosemary-1948
  3. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
  4. Kim Chapin (October 24, 1966). "A bright future for Little Miss Bombshell". Sports Illustrated.
  5. Cheryl McCall (May 31, 1982). "Why Is Tennis Maverick Casals Really Rosie? She's Starting a New Tour for Stars Over 30". People Magazine. 17 (21).
  6. 1 2 Collins, Bud (2010). The Bud Collins History of Tennis (2nd ed.). [New York]: New Chapter Press. pp. 556–557. ISBN   978-0942257700.
  7. Education & Resources – National Women's History Museum – NWHM
  8. "MYLAN WTT PLAYER DATABASE (seasons completed) - as of September 25, 2014 - (Seasons 1974-2014)" (PDF). World TeamTennis . September 25, 2015. p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 27, 2015. Retrieved April 12, 2015.
  9. 1 2 Joel Drucker (March 3, 2009). "Casals far more than King's sidekick". ESPN . ESPN.
  10. Wulf, Steve (March 23, 2015). "Supersisters: Original Roster". Espn.go.com. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  11. Pedersen, Erik (April 13, 2016). "Natalie Morales Game For 'Battle Of The Sexes'; Jimmy Smagula Books 'Rebel In The Rye'". Deadline. Retrieved April 14, 2016.
  12. Source for US Open mixed doubles finals Archived September 8, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  13. Wimbledon: The Official History of the Championships. Barrett, John. Collins Willow 2011 ISBN   0-00-711707-8