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Plasmodium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of Plasmodium species involve development in a blood-feeding insect host which then injects parasites into a vertebrate host during a blood meal. Parasites grow within a vertebrate body tissue before entering the bloodstream to infect red blood cells. The ensuing destruction of host red blood cells can result in disease, called malaria. During this infection, some parasites are picked up by a blood-feeding insect, continuing the life cycle.
Monogeneans are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.
Coccidia (Coccidiasina) are a subclass of microscopic, spore-forming, single-celled obligate intracellular parasites belonging to the apicomplexan class Conoidasida. As obligate intracellular parasites, they must live and reproduce within an animal cell. Coccidian parasites infect the intestinal tracts of animals, and are the largest group of apicomplexan protozoa.
Isospora is a genus of internal parasites in the subclass Coccidia.
The Strongylida suborder includes many of the important nematodes found in the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants, horses, and swine, as well as the lungworms of ruminants and the hookworms of dogs and cats.
Orthotospovirus is a genus of negative-strand RNA viruses, in the family Tospoviridae of the order Bunyavirales, which infects plants. Tospoviruses take their name from the type species tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) which was discovered in Australia in 1919. The type species remained the only member of the family until the early 1990s when genetic characterisation of plant viruses became more common. There are now at least twenty species in the genus with more being discovered on a regular basis. Member viruses infect over eight hundred plant species from 82 different families.
Plasmaviridae is a family of bacteria-infecting viruses. Acholeplasma species serve as natural hosts. There are currently only one genus (Plasmavirus), and one species in this family: the type species Acholeplasma virus L2. All viruses known in this family have been isolated from species in the class Mollicutes.
The Herpesvirales is an order of dsDNA viruses with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope. Common infections in humans caused by members of this order include cold sores, genital herpes, chickenpox, shingles, and glandular fever. Herpesvirales is the sole order in the class Herviviricetes, which is the sole class in the phylum Peploviricota.
Iflaviridae is a family of positive sense RNA viruses insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by iflaviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms and wasps. The name "Ifla" is derived from the name "Infectious flacherie virus", for the type species. There is only one genus (Iflavirus) and 15 species in this family, including the type species Infectious flacherie virus.
Adeleorina is a suborder of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa.
Malacoherpesviridae is a family of DNA viruses in the order Herpesvirales. Molluscs serve as natural hosts, making members of this family the only known herpesviruses to infect invertebrates. There are currently only two species recognised in this family, both classified into separate genera. Disease associated with this family includes sporadic episodes of high mortality among larvae and juveniles. The family name Malacoherpesviridae is derived from Greek word 'μαλακός (malacos) meaning 'soft' and from Greek word 'μαλάκιον (malakion) meaning 'mollusc'.
Dinodnavirus is a genus of viruses that infect dinoflagellates. This genus belongs to the clade of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. The name is derived from 'dino' (dinoflagellate) and DNA.
The Ophryocystidae are a family of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this family infect insects.
Selenidioides are a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this genus infect marine invertebrates.
The Selenidioididae are a family of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this order infect marine invertebrates.
Siedleckia are a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this genus infect marine invertebrates.
The Aikinetocystidae are a family of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The species in this family infect oligochetes.
Amalgaviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses. Member viruses infect plants and are transmitted vertically via seeds. The name derives from amalgam which refers to amalgaviruses possessing characteristics of both partitiviruses and totiviruses. There are ten species in the family.
The Diplocystidae are a family of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa.
Cephaloidophoridae is a family of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexia
References
- ↑ Diakin A, Simdyanov TG, Paskerova G, Alesohin VV, Entzeroth R, Schrevel J, Valigurova A (2012) Phylogenetic study on early emerging apicomplexans with emphasis on genera Eleutheroschizon and Siedleckia. In: X. české a slovenské parazitologické dny. ISBN 978-80-210-5862-0
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