Type MT tenders entered service between 1928 and 1945, as tenders to the Classes 12A, 19B, 19C and 19D4-8-2 Mountain type steam locomotives which were placed in service by the South African Railways during that period.[1][2][3]
The South African Railways Class 12A 4-8-2 of 1919 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 19B 4-8-2 of 1930 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 19C 4-8-2 of 1935 was a steam locomotive.
Berliner Maschinenbau AG was a German manufacturer of locomotives.
Henschel & Son was a German company, located in Kassel, best known during the 20th century as a maker of transportation equipment, including locomotives, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, and armoured fighting vehicles and weapons.
The Krupp family, a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, is famous for their production of steel, artillery, ammunition and other armaments. The family business, known as Friedrich Krupp AG, was the largest company in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century, and was important to weapons development and production in both world wars. One of the most powerful dynasties in European history, Krupp flourished for 400 years as the premier weapons manufacturer of Germany. From the Thirty Years' War until the end of the Second World War, it produced battleships, U-boats, tanks, howitzers, guns, utilities, and hundreds of other commodities.
The South African Railways (SAR) placed 67 Class 12A 4-8-2 Mountain type locomotives in service between 1919 and 1929, built by North British and Henschel. The engines were designed by D.A. Hendrie, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the SAR from 1910 to 1922. The locomotives were delivered in five batches and with two tender types, the Type MP1 in 1919 and 1921 and the Type MT in 1928 and 1929. The design of the Type MT tender was by Hendrie's successor, Colonel F.R. Collins DSO, the CME from 1922 to 1929.[1][4]
The Distinguished Service Order (DSO) is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other parts of the Commonwealth, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat. Since 1993 all ranks have been eligible.
The official SAR tender diagrams show the Type MT tender as having first entered service in 1919, but builder's pictures of the North British-built Class 12A no. 1520 of 1919 and no. 2111 of 1921 show them with Type MP1 tenders. Builder's pictures of Henschel-built Class 12A no. 1543 of 1928 and North British-built no. 2131 of 1929 show the engines with Type MT tenders. It would therefore appear that Type MT tenders first entered service in 1928, not 1919.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
The South African type MP1 tender was a steam locomotive tender.
Characteristics
The Type MT tender had a coal capacity of 12 long tons (12.2 tonnes), a water capacity of 6,000 imperial gallons (27,300 litres) and an axle loading of 16long tons 11hundredweight (16,820 kilograms).[2][3]
Locomotives
Four locomotive classes, built by seven manufacturers, were delivered new with Type MT tenders, which were numbered for their engines in the number ranges as shown. An oval number plate, bearing the engine number and often also the tender type, was attached to the rear end of the tender. In addition, eleven spare Type MT tenders were built new and numbered in the range from N47 to N57.[1][2][3]
1928 and 1929: Class 12A, numbers 1540 to 1550, 2103 to 2110 and 2126 to 2138.[3]
1937 to 1945: Class 19D, numbers 2506 to 2545 and 2626 to 2770.[3]
The Classes 19B and 19C and most of the Class 19D were delivered with these high-capacity tenders, even though the axle loading of these tenders exceeded the permissible limits on the branchlines for which the Classes 19 were intended. Upon delivery, their new Type MT tenders were exchanged for the smaller modified Type MP1 tenders from many of the reboilered mainline locomotives. The Type MP1 had a lighter axle load of 13long tons 15hundredweight (13,970 kilograms) and was therefore more suitable for branchline work. This policy was followed with all the Classes 19B, 19C and 19D upon delivery, except the last batch of Class 19D which were delivered with Type MX torpedo tenders.[1]
Classification letters
Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the SAR. The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it could be coupled. The "M_" tenders could be used with the locomotive classes as shown, although in some cases, engine drawbars and intermediate emergency chains had to be replaced or adjusted to suit the target locomotive.[3]
The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_T" tenders had a capacity of between 5,587 and 6,000 imperial gallons (25,400 and 27,300 litres; 6,710 and 7,210 US gallons).[3]
A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as function, wheelbase or coal bunker capacity.[3]
Modifications
On the original Type MT tenders, as built, the raised part of the tender sides are approximately two-thirds of the tender's length. Several of these tenders were reclassified after being modified by enlarging their coal bunkers. Those which had their bunkers enlarged to a 13 long tons (13.2 tonnes) coal capacity were reclassified to Type MT1, while those which had their bunkers enlarged to a 14 long tons (14.2 tonnes) coal capacity were reclassified to Type MT2.[3]
Illustration
Builder's pictures of four of the Class 12A locomotive batches show them with the two tender types with which they were delivered, Type MP1 until 1921 and Type MT from 1928. The last three pictures serve to illustrate the difference in appearance between the Types MT, MT1 and MT2 versions.
The South African Railways Class 20 2-10-2 of 1935 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 19D 4-8-2 of 1937 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 12 4-8-2 of 1912 was a steam locomotive.
The South African type ZC tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The South African type XF tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African type XP1 tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type XE1 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The South African type XC tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African type XC1 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The South African type MR tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type KT tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type HT tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type GT tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type MP tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type MT1 tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type MT2 tender was a steam locomotive tender.
The South African type CZ tender was a condensing steam locomotive tender.
The South African type EW1 tender was a steam locomotive tender.
References
1 2 3 4 5 6 Holland, D. F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp.38–40, 67–71, 93–96. ISBN978-0-7153-5427-8.
1 2 3 4 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 27, 45.
1 2 Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1945). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, October 1945. pp. 779-783.
↑ Dulez, Jean A. (2012). Railways of Southern Africa 150 Years (Commemorating One Hundred and Fifty Years of Railways on the Sub-Continent – Complete Motive Power Classifications and Famous Trains – 1860–2011) (1st ed.). Garden View, Johannesburg, South Africa: Vidrail Productions. pp.106–108. ISBN9 780620 512282.
↑ Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1946). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, Jul 1946. pp. 541-542.
↑ Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp.10–11, 71. ISBN0869772112.
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