South African Class 37-000

South African Class 37-000
No. 37-014 at Capital Park, Pretoria, 16 May 2013
Type and origin Power type Diesel-electric Designer General Motors Electro-Motive Division Builder General Motors South Africa Serial number 116-1 to 116-100 Model GM-EMD GT26M2C Build date 1981-1982 Total produced 100 Rebuilder Electro-Motive Sibanye Rebuild date 2008 Number rebuilt 1 to Sibanye no. STS 001
Specifications Configuration: ​  •  AAR C-C  •  UIC Co′Co′  • Commonwealth Co+Co Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Wheel diameter 1,016 mm (40.0 in) Wheelbase 14,732 mm (48 ft 4.0 in) ​  •  Bogie 3,632 mm (11 ft 11.0 in) Pivot centres 11,278 mm (37 ft 0 in) Length: ​  • Over couplers 19,202 mm (63 ft 0 in) Width 2,819 mm (9 ft 3.0 in) Height 3,924 mm (12 ft 10.5 in) Axle load 21,000 kg (46,000 lb) Adhesive weight 126,000 kg (278,000 lb) Loco weight 126,000 kg (278,000 lb) max Fuel type Diesel Fuel capacity 6,230 litres (1,370 imp gal) Prime mover GM-EMD 16-645E3B RPM range 250-900 ​  • RPM low idle 250  • RPM idle 315  • Maximum RPM 900 Engine type 2-stroke diesel Aspiration GM-EMD E16 turbocharger Displacement 10.57 litres (645 cu in) per cylinder Alternator 10 pole 3 phase GM-EMD AR10-D14 Traction motors Six GM-EMD D31 DC 4 pole ​  • Rating 1 hour 545A  • Continuous 520A @ 21 km/h (13 mph) Cylinders V16 Gear ratio 63:14 MU working 6 maximum Loco brake 28-LAV-1 with vigilance control Train brakes Gardner-Denver ADJV-8401 compressor/exhauster Air tank cap. 850 litres (190 imp gal) Compressor 0.021 m3/s (0.74 cu ft/s) Exhauster 0.096 m3/s (3.4 cu ft/s) Couplers AAR knuckle type E
Performance figures Maximum speed 100 km/h (62 mph) Power output: ​  • Starting 2,342 kW (3,141 hp)  • Continuous 2,171 kW (2,911 hp) Tractive effort: ​  • Starting 306 kN (69,000 lbf) @ 25% adh.  • Continuous 245 kN (55,000 lbf) @ 26 km/h (16 mph) Factor of adh.: ​  • Starting 25%  • Continuous 20% Brakeforce 61% ratio @ 350 kPa (51 psi) Dynamic brake peak effort 216 kN (49,000 lbf) @ 28 km/h (17 mph)
Career Operators South African Railways Spoornet Transnet Freight Rail Class Class 37-000 Number in class 100 Numbers 37-001 to 37-100 Delivered 1981-1982 First run 1981

The South African Railways Class 37-000 of 1981 is a mainline diesel-electric locomotive.

Between May 1981 and 1982, the South African Railways placed one hundred Class 37-000 General Motors Electro-Motive Division type GT26M2C diesel-electric locomotives in service. After these locomotives were commissioned, the national carrier was not to invest in new diesel-electric locomotives again until 2009, nearly three decades later. ^{[1] [2]}

Manufacturer

The Class 37-000 type GT26M2C diesel-electric locomotive was designed for the South African Railways (SAR) by General Motors Electro-Motive Division (GM-EMD) and built by General Motors South Africa (GMSA) in Port Elizabeth. Equipped with later model GM-EMD D31 traction motors instead of the earlier GM-EMD D29B, it is a more powerful version of the GM-EMD type GT26MC Classes 34-200, 34-600 and 34-800. ^[2]

Service

The Class 37-000 locomotives work on mainlines in the northern and northeastern parts of the country. Most of them are shedded at Ermelo and Lydenburg in Mpumalanga and at Richards Bay in KwaZulu-Natal. They work on the Belfast-Steelpoort line and on the manganese route between the Mpumalanga Lowveld and KwaZulu-Natal from Komatipoort through Swaziland to Empangeni and Richards Bay. ^[1]

On the Natal South Coast line, Classes 34-200 and 37-000 worked the Simuma-Mount Vernon clinker trains as long ago as 2002 while the line was still electrified, although the Class 34-200 were more common when the train ran behind diesel-electrics. Since diesel officially took over the workings at the end of October 2011 and electrics were rarely seen until disappearing from the South Coast completely in March 2012, only the Class 37-000 have been used, normally in sets of three.

Sun City Express

On Saturday 4 March 1989 Sol Kerzner's Sun City Express began running. It consisted of a dedicated rake of thirteen coaches hauled by a Class 37-000 locomotive that ran between Johannesburg, Pretoria and a rural halt that was specially created near Sun City where the railway line crossed the Sun City-Thabazimbi road near Heystekrand. Passengers transferred to buses for the 10 kilometres (6 miles) trip between Sun City Halt and the Sun City Casino and Hotel near Rustenburg. ^{[3] [4]}

Locomotive no. 37-044 was re-geared for higher speed and painted in a maroon livery with gray sills and understructure, yellow buffer beams and golden yellow bands all around the body, interrupted on the sides by the inscription The Sun City EXPRESS in white. ^{[3] [4]}

Although initially well received, the train began to suffer from declining patronage and was eventually cancelled from Monday 30 March 1992, three years after its launch. ^[4]

Rebuilding to Class 39-000

In 2005, a project commenced to rebuild new Class 39-000 type GM-EMD GT26CU-3 diesel-electric locomotives for Spoornet from Classes 34-600, 34-800 and 37-000 locomotives, using suitable frames from wrecked locomotives. Two companies were invited to produce prototypes for the project. ^{[1] [5]}

Number 39-251

One of these companies was Electro-Motive Sibanye, a joint venture between the newly established Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) and Sibanye Trade and Services, a South African Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) company dealing with locomotives and spare parts. The Sibanye venture produced only one locomotive, rebuilt from Class 37-000 no. 37-010 in 2008 and numbered 39-251. However, the locomotive was tested and rejected by Transnet, reportedly due to poor quality. Furthermore, when serious tender irregularities came to light, the locomotive rebuilding deal between Transnet and Electro-Motive Sibanye was cancelled. ^{[1] [5] [6] [7]}

Locomotive no. 39-251

Although it was initially painted in the red Transnet Freight Rail livery, no. 39-251 never worked for Transnet and was later reported as sold to RRL, a company which came about out of the abortive joint venture between EMD and Sibanye. RRL is based at a workshop in the old Pretoria Steel Works complex and several of its locomotives are active in the gold fields around Welkom in the Free State. No. 39-251 remained in the possession of Sibanye Trade and Services and was renumbered STS 001. It was later hired or leased to the Khumani iron ore mine in the Northern Cape and renumbered again to LC9-1. ^[1]

Numbers 39-001 to 39-005

The other company was Transwerk (later Transnet Rail Engineering and then Transnet Engineering), who produced five locomotives in its shops in Bloemfontein between 2006 and 2008, rebuilt from three Class 34-600s and two Class 34-800s. These were tested and approved by Transnet and placed in service as the Class 39-000, numbered in the range from 39-001 to 39-005. ^{[1] [5]}

End of project

It was intended to produce one hundred Class 39-000s, but in spite of the technical success of the Transnet Rail Engineering part of the project, rebuilding was halted after completing the first five units due to higher than anticipated cost. It was decided, instead of rebuilding old locomotives, to rather continue the program by building fifty new Class 39-200 locomotives from imported and locally produced components. Only one Class 37-000 locomotive was therefore rebuilt. ^[8]

Works numbers

The Class 37-000 builder's works numbers and the one rebuilding are listed in the table. ^[1]

Class 37-000, GM-EMD type GT26M2C

Loco no.	Works no.	Date	Rebuilt to
37-001	116-1	1981
37-002	116-2	1981
37-003	116-3	1981
37-004	116-4	1981
37-005	116-5	1981
37-006	116-6	1981
37-007	116-7	1981
37-008	116-8	1981
37-009	116-9	1981
37-010	116-10	1981	39-251
37-011	116-11	1981
37-012	116-12	1981
37-013	116-13	1981
37-014	116-14	1981
37-015	116-15	1981
37-016	116-16	1981
37-017	116-17	1981
37-018	116-18	1981
37-019	116-19	1981
37-020	116-20	1981
37-021	116-21	1981
37-022	116-22	1981
37-023	116-23	1981
37-024	116-24	1981
37-025	116-25	1981
37-026	116-26	1981
37-027	116-27	1981
37-028	116-28	1981
37-029	116-29	1981
37-030	116-30	1981
37-031	116-31	1981
37-032	116-32	1981
37-033	116-33	1981
37-034	116-34	1981
37-035	116-35	1981
37-036	116-36	1981
37-037	116-37	1981
37-038	116-38	1981
37-039	116-39	1981
37-040	116-40	1981-82
37-041	116-41	1981-82
37-042	116-42	1981-82
37-043	116-43	1981-82
37-044	116-44	1981-82
37-045	116-45	1981-82
37-046	116-46	1981-82
37-047	116-47	1982
37-048	116-48	1982
37-049	116-49	1982
37-050	116-50	1982
37-051	116-51	1982
37-052	116-52	1982
37-053	116-53	1982
37-054	116-54	1982
37-055	116-55	1982
37-056	116-56	1982
37-057	116-57	1982
37-058	116-58	1982
37-059	116-59	1982
37-060	116-60	1982
37-061	116-61	1982
37-062	116-62	1982
37-063	116-63	1982
37-064	116-64	1982
37-065	116-65	1982
37-066	116-66	1982
37-067	116-67	1982
37-068	116-68	1982
37-069	116-69	1982
37-070	116-70	1982
37-071	116-71	1982
37-072	116-72	1982
37-073	116-73	1982
37-074	116-74	1982
37-075	116-75	1982
37-076	116-76	1982
37-077	116-77	1982
37-078	116-78	1982
37-079	116-79	1982
37-080	116-80	1982
37-081	116-81	1982
37-082	116-82	1982
37-083	116-83	1982
37-084	116-84	1982
37-085	116-85	1982
37-086	116-86	1982
37-087	116-87	1982
37-088	116-88	1982
37-089	116-89	8 Jul 1982
37-090	116-90	1982
37-091	116-91	1982
37-092	116-92	1982
37-093	116-93	1982
37-094	116-94	1982
37-095	116-95	1982
37-096	116-96	1982
37-097	116-97	1982
37-098	116-98	1982
37-099	116-99	1982
37-100	116-100	1982

Liveries

The Class 37-000 were all delivered in the SAR Gulf Red livery with signal red buffer beams, yellow side stripes on the long hood sides and a yellow V on each end. In the 1990s many of them began to be repainted in the Spoornet orange livery with a yellow and blue chevron pattern on the buffer beams. At least two, numbers 37-050 and 37-059, later received the Spoornet maroon livery. In the late 1990s a few were repainted in the Spoornet blue livery with outline numbers on the long hood sides. After 2008 in the Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) era, some were repainted in the TFR red, green and yellow livery. ^{[1] [9]}

Illustration

• 
  No. 37-020 in Spoornet blue with outline numbers at Empangeni, 14 August 2007
• 
  No. 37-076 in Transnet Freight Rail livery at Koedoespoort, 29 September 2015

References

1. Middleton, John N. (2002). Railways of Southern Africa Locomotive Guide - 2002 (as amended by Combined Amendment List 4, January 2009) (2nd, Dec 2002 ed.). Herts, England: Beyer-Garratt Publications. pp. 38, 44.
2. South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20 (amended ed.). 28 January 1975.
3. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 3. Johannesburg Station in Transition by Les Pivnic. Caption 31. (Accessed on 27 March 2017)
4. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 17: Northwards to just short of the home signal at Pretoria by Les Pivnic. Captions 49, 50, 51, 52. (Accessed on 27 April 2017)
5. Information supplied by staff at Transnet Rail Engineering, Bloemfontein and Koedoespoort^{[ better source needed ]}
6. "Why Transnet Discontinued That Diesel Order". Railways Africa. 2 April 2009.
7. "Transnet Tender to High Court". Railways Africa. 12 March 2009.
8. "The Class 39 Diesels". Railways Africa. 12 December 2008.
9. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 9. South-Eastwards as far as Volksrust (2nd part) by Les Pivnic. Caption 4. Archived 24 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine (Accessed on 11 April 2017)