South African type XM2 tender

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South African type XM2 tender
Central South African Railways Pacific locomotive (Howden, Boys' Book of Locomotives, 1907).jpg
Type XM2 tender on CSAR Class 10, c. 1904
Type and origin
Locomotive CSAR Class 10
CSAR Class 10-2 Saturated
CSAR Class 10-2 Superheated
CSAR Class 11
SAR Class 5
Designer Central South African Railways
(P.A. Hyde)
Builder Beyer, Peacock and Company
North British Locomotive Company
Robert Stephenson and Company
Vulcan Foundry
Works no.RS D1540/1-D1540/12
In service1904-1912
Specifications
Configuration2-axle bogies
Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Length25 ft 11 5⁄8 in (7,915 mm)
Wheel dia.33 1⁄2 in (851 mm) as built
34 in (864 mm) retyred
Wheelbase16 ft 9 in (5,105 mm)
 • Bogie4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm)
Axle load12 LT 11 cwt 2 qtr (12,780 kg)
 • Front bogie24 LT 4 cwt (24,590 kg)
 • Rear bogie25 LT 3 cwt (25,550 kg)
Weight empty48,144 lb (21,838 kg)
Weight w/o49 LT 7 cwt (50,140 kg)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel cap.10 LT (10.2 t)
Water cap.4,000 imp gal (18,200 l)
StokingManual
CouplersDrawbar & Johnston link-and-pin
Drawbar & AAR knuckle (1930s)
Career
Operators Central South African Railways
South African Railways
NumbersSAR 732-761, 780-783, 912-947, N1-N36

The South African type XM2 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.

Union of South Africa state in southern Africa from 1910 to 1961, predecessor to the Republic of South Africa

The Union of South Africa is the historical predecessor to the present-day Republic of South Africa. It came into being on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape Colony, the Natal Colony, the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony. It included the territories that were formerly a part of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State.

Transvaal Colony former British colony

The Transvaal Colony was the name used to refer to the Transvaal region during the period of direct British rule and military occupation between the end of the Second Boer War in 1902 when the South African Republic was dissolved, and the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910. The physical borders of the Transvaal Colony were not identical to the defeated South African Republic, but was larger. In 1910 the entire territory became the Transvaal Province of the Union of South Africa.

Contents

The Type XM2 tender entered service in 1904, as tenders to the Class 104-6-2 Pacific type and Class 112-8-2 Mikado type steam locomotives which were acquired by the Central South African Railways in that year. In 1912, both locomotive types retained their Class designations on the South African Railways. [1] [2] [3]

Central South African Railways railway operator in the Transvaal and Orange River Colonies from 1902 to 1910

The Central South African Railways (CSAR) was from 1902 to 1910 the operator of public railways in the Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony in what is now South Africa. During the Anglo-Boer War, as British forces moved into the territory of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic, the Orange Free State Government Railways, the Netherlands-South African Railway Company and the Pretoria-Pietersburg Railway were taken over by the Imperial Military Railways under Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Girouard. After the war had ended, the Imperial Military Railways became the Central South African Railways in July 1902, with Thomas Rees Price as General Manager. With the creation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, the CSAR was merged with the Cape Government Railways and the Natal Government Railways to form the South African Railways.

Manufacturers

Type XM2 tenders were built between 1904 and 1912 by Beyer, Peacock and Company, North British Locomotive Company and Vulcan Foundry. More Type XM2 tenders were subsequently ordered from Robert Stephenson and Company. [1]

Beyer, Peacock and Company defunct British locomotive manufacturer, based in Gorton, Manchester

Beyer, Peacock and Company was an English railway locomotive manufacturer with a factory in Gorton, Manchester. Founded by Charles Beyer, Richard Peacock and Henry Robertson, it traded from 1854 until 1966. It received limited liability in 1902, becoming Beyer, Peacock and Company Limited.

North British Locomotive Company defunct British locomotive manufacturer, active 1903–1962

The North British Locomotive Company was created in 1903 through the merger of three Glasgow locomotive manufacturing companies; Sharp, Stewart and Company, Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company, creating the largest locomotive manufacturing company in Europe and the British Empire.

Vulcan Foundry defunct British locomotive manufacturer, active 1833–1969

The Vulcan Foundry Limited was an English locomotive builder sited at Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire.

The Central South African Railways (CSAR) placed 15 Class 10 Pacific type and 36 Class 11 Mikado type locomotives in service in 1904. Both locomotives and the tender were designed by P.A. Hyde, Chief Locomotive Superintendent of the CSAR. [1] [2] [3]

South African Class 10 4-6-2 class of 10 South African 4-6-2 locomotives

The South African Railways Class 10 4-6-2 of 1904 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal Colony.

South African Class 11 2-8-2 class of 36 South African 2-8-2 locomotives

The South African Railways Class 11 2-8-2 of 1904 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal Colony.

The Type XM2 first entered service as tenders to these two locomotive Classes. The Class 10 was acquired to work the passenger trains on the Natal and Cape mainlines out of Johannesburg, while the Class 11 entered service on the Reef to haul coal between Germiston and Witbank. [1] [2] [3] [4]

Johannesburg Place in Gauteng, South Africa

Johannesburg is the largest city in South Africa and one of the 50 largest urban areas in the world. It is the provincial capital and largest city of Gauteng, which is the wealthiest province in South Africa. While Johannesburg is not one of South Africa's three capital cities, it is the seat of the Constitutional Court. The city is located in the mineral-rich Witwatersrand range of hills and is the centre of large-scale gold and diamond trade.

Germiston Place in Gauteng, South Africa

Germiston is a small city in the East Rand region of Gauteng, South Africa, administratively forming part of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality since the latter's establishment in 2000. It functions as the municipal seat of Ekurhuleni, hosting the municipal council and administration.

Witbank Place in Mpumalanga, South Africa

Witbank, renamed eMalahleni in 2006, is a city situated on the Highveld of Mpumalanga, South Africa, within the eMalahleni Local Municipality. The name Witbank is Afrikaans for "white ridge", and is named after a white sandstone outcrop where wagon transport drivers rested. The city is known for the coal-mining in the surrounding region.

Characteristics

The tender had a coal capacity of 10 long tons (10.2 tonnes) and a water capacity of 4,000 imperial gallons (18,200 litres), with a maximum axle load of 12 long tons 11 hundredweight (12,750 kilograms). [1] [2] [3]

Locomotives

In the South African Railways (SAR) years, tenders were numbered for the engines they were delivered with. In most cases, an oval number plate, bearing the engine number and tender type, would be attached to the rear end of the tender. During the classification and renumbering of locomotives onto the SAR roster in 1912, no separate classification and renumbering list was published for tenders, which should have been renumbered according to the locomotive renumbering list. [1] [3]

Five locomotive classes were delivered new with Type XM2 tenders. Bearing in mind that tenders could and did migrate between engines, these tenders should have been renumbered in the SAR number ranges as shown. [1] [3] [5]

Soon after entering service in 1910, the CSAR Class 10-C light Pacific locomotives, acquired for suburban working, were found to be capable of handling mainline passenger trains. To better equip them for mainline working, an order for twelve new Type XM2 tenders for these engines was placed with Robert Stephenson and Company. Since their original smaller Type XC tenders were already numbered for their respective engines, these new tenders, with Robert Stephenson works numbers D1540/1 to D1540/12, were numbered in the non-revenue earning range from N1 to N12. [2] [3] [6]

In addition, 24 more spare Type XM2 tenders were subsequently acquired by the SAR, numbered in the range from N13 to N36. [2] [3]

Classification letters

Since many tender types are interchangeable between different locomotive classes and types, a tender classification system was adopted by the SAR. The first letter of the tender type indicates the classes of engines to which it could be coupled. The "X_" tenders could be used with the following locomotive classes: [3]

The second letter indicates the tender's water capacity. The "_M" tenders had a capacity of 4,000 imperial gallons (18,200 litres; 4,800 US gallons). [3]

A number, when added after the letter code, indicates differences between similar tender types, such as function, wheelbase or coal bunker capacity. [3]

Modification

The original slatted upper sides of the Type XM2 tender's coal bunker were soon replaced by sheet-metal sides. Some later models of the Type XM2 tender were built new with such sheet-metal upper sides to the coal bunker. An example is the 1912 version of the tender, as delivered with the SAR Class 5 locomotives in 1912.

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The South African type XF tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.

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The South African type XD tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

South African type XM3 tender

The South African type XM3 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Transvaal.

South African type XE1 tender

The South African type XE1 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

South African type XF2 tender

The South African type XF2 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

South African type XM1 tender

The South African type XM1 tender was a steam locomotive tender.

The South African type XC tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.

South African type XC1 tender

The South African type XC1 tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

The South African type XJ tender was a steam locomotive tender.

The South African type XS tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.

South African type XM4 tender

The South African type XM4 tender was a steam locomotive tender.

South African type XM tender

The South African type XM tender was a steam locomotive tender.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 129–131. ISBN   978-0-7153-5382-0.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. p. 44.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. 6a-7a, 44.
  4. ↑ Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 51–52. ISBN   0869772112.
  5. ↑ Classification of S.A.R. Engines with Renumbering Lists, issued by the Chief Mechanical Engineer’s Office, Pretoria, January 1912 (Reprinted in April 1987 by SATS Museum, R.3125-6/9/11-1000)
  6. ↑ Holland, D. F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 14–17, 140. ISBN   978-0-7153-5427-8.
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