Tim Groser

Last updated

New Zealand Parliament
Tim Groser
The East Asia Context Tim Groser (8408582251).jpg
New Zealand Ambassador
to the United States
In office
2016–2018
YearsTermElectorateListParty
2005 2008 48th List 13 National
2008 2011 49th List 15 National
2011 2014 50th List 12 National
2014 2015 51st List 14 National

In 2005, Groser opted to leave the public service and run for Parliament, stating that being a member of Parliament had been a job he had coveted for thirty years. [29] He was selected to stand as a list-only candidate for the National Party in the 2005 election and placed 13th on the list, the highest newcomer. As a serving diplomat and senior public servant, Groser's decision to become a politician was controversial. [13] [28] Columnist Fran O'Sullivan wrote that the Labour Party's prime minister and trade minister were upset because they had mistakenly believed Groser to have been a supporter of their own party. [30] Groser said he had supported National since he was 21 and that he was encouraged to stand for election by both a senior minister from another country's government and by National Party president Judy Kirk. [10] New Zealand Herald reporter Audrey Young claimed Groser was recruited specifically to be trade minister in a Don Brash-led National government. [31]

On 17 September 2005, National won 39.1% of the party vote and Groser was comfortably elected as a list MP. In parliament, he generally held liberal views, especially on trade. In his maiden speech, delivered on 15 November 2005, he stated his "view of politics [is one] that does not deny the importance of social change—provided it is examined critically and not adopted like some transitory fashion item—and seeks to put the primary, not the sole, emphasis for individual social and economic outcomes on the individual, and not transfer that responsibility to the State." [9] In his 2011 delivery of the Ralph Hanan lecture, Groser further set out his views that "trade is about specialisation ... the heart and soul of productivity growth, which in turn is the key to the elimination of absolute poverty." [32] Politically, Groser supported the National Party being more centrist than right-leaning. [33] In personal votes, Groser opposed raising the age for purchasing alcohol from 18 to 20 in 2006, saying he did not think an age-change would solve alcohol issues in New Zealand, [34] [35] but changed his position to support that proposal when it reemerged in 2012. [36] He opposed, like all National MPs, the introduction of a medical cannabis regime in 2009 [37] but voted in support of legalising same-sex marriage in 2013. [38]

National did not win the 2005 election and Groser was appointed the opposition spokesperson for arts, culture and heritage and associate spokesperson for foreign affairs and trade in the Brash shadow cabinet. [39] He accompanied Labour Party trade minister Jim Sutton on a trade delegation to Hong Kong soon after the election and Sutton's successor, Phil Goff, on a delegation to the United States in 2006. [40] [41] From 2006, in the Key shadow cabinet, he was spokesperson for trade and associate spokesperson for finance. [42] He sat on the foreign affairs, defence and trade committee from 2005 until 2008. [39] In 2007, he denied having used cannabis while posted as ambassador to Indonesia, which has very strict drug laws, but admitted to using cannabis earlier in his life. [43]

In the 2008, 2011 and 2014 general elections, Groser ran for National in the safe Labour seat of New Lynn. Fellow National list MP Christopher Finlayson would later write in his memoir that Groser was worried he would one day win the seat; [44] Groser lost each election by an average of 4,590 votes but was re-elected each time as a list MP. After serving as trade minister in the Fifth National Government for seven years, Groser resigned from Parliament in December 2015 to serve as New Zealand's ambassador to the United States, which had been described by media for several months as a "widely expected" appointment. [45] [46] [47] He left Parliament on 19 December 2015 without delivering a valedictory statement. [48]

Minister in the Fifth National Government

Groser was appointed Minister of Trade, Minister of Conservation, Associate Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister Responsible for International Climate Change Negotiations in November 2008. [49] He relinquished the conservation portfolio in January 2010, citing workload issues and amid criticisms that he was disinterested in the portfolio, [50] [51] [52] and succeeded Nick Smith as Minister for Climate Change Issues in 2012. [53] He held his post as trade minister until his retirement from Parliament in December 2015. [47]

Groser made international headlines in late 2012 when he said that the New Zealand Government would not sign up for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol. [54] [55] Groser said the 15-year-old agreement was outdated, and that New Zealand was "ahead of the curve" in looking for a replacement that would include developing nations. [56] Groser attended the 2012 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP-18) in Doha and 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP-21) in Paris, where New Zealand undertook further climate change commitments, including the Paris Agreement. [57] [58] [59]

Groser speaking at the WTO Director-General selection process in 2013 Tim Groser Director-Gen selection process 2013.jpg
Groser speaking at the WTO Director-General selection process in 2013

In December 2012, the New Zealand Government announced that it was supporting Groser's bid to become the next Director-General of the World Trade Organization, a position which became vacant at the end of May 2013 with the retirement of Pascal Lamy. [60] Groser's bid was eventually unsuccessful and the Brazilian diplomat Roberto Azevêdo was elected as the Director-General of the WTO in May 2013. [61] On 22 March 2015, The Intercept news website claimed that New Zealand's signals intelligence agency, the Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB), had spied on other WTO directorship contenders on behalf of Groser using the XKeyscore mass surveillance system. Known targets included candidates from Brazil, Costa Rica, Ghana, Jordan, Indonesia, Kenya, Mexico, and South Korea. [62] [63]

The spying was confirmed to have taken place, and to have been approved by Groser, in an inquiry led by the Inspector-General of Intelligence and Security, Cheryl Gwyn, in 2017. Gwyn's report said that the government had determined Groser's leadership of the WTO would "have a significant impact on New Zealand’s economic well-being" and therefore endorsed his candidacy as an explicit "foreign policy decision". This enabled the government to ask the GCSB to gather intelligence to support Groser's campaign. The use of GCSB services was offered to Groser by the GCSB Director-General, Ian Fletcher, and accepted by Groser. Gwyn's report criticised the GCSB's record-keeping on this operation but said that it was not unlawful nor an improper use of resources. [64] [65] [66] The report, and law enabling the use of spying, was criticised by Labour leader Andrew Little and media. [67]

As trade minister, Groser was responsible for negotiations over the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement, which New Zealand eventually ratified in 2017. In July 2015, Groser said he believed reasonable people were being "whipped up into a frenzy" over issues like pharmaceutical costs and investor-state dispute settlement by people who, for ideological reasons, opposed the agreement. [68] In interviews given after his ministerial career, Groser said that the TPP was the achievement he was most proud of during his time as trade minister. [59] [69]

Despite no official announcement having been made, New Zealand media reported in early 2015 that Groser was "widely expected" to replace Mike Moore as ambassador to the United States. [45] [46] This was confirmed by prime minister John Key on 7 December 2015, with Groser relinquishing his roles on 14 December. [70] Groser took up his post as ambassador in early 2016. [47] He was succeeded as trade minister by former diplomat Todd McClay and as climate change minister by Paula Bennett. Maureen Pugh filled Groser's list vacancy in Parliament. [70]

Post-parliamentary life

Groser resigned from Parliament on 19 December 2015 to take up the role of New Zealand's ambassador to the United States of America. He served a three-year appointment until August 2018. Foreign affairs minister Winston Peters denied that Groser had been recalled, stating that Groser had not sought an extension to his three-year term as ambassador. According to Stuff, the now Labour-led government was unhappy with Groser's failure in securing an exemption from the Trump Administration's steel tariffs. [71] He was succeeded by career diplomat Rosemary Banks. [72]

Back in New Zealand, Groser established a trade consultancy firm in 2019. [73] [74] On 10 July 2023, he welcomed New Zealand's recently signed free trade agreement with the European Union, stating that the "deal is more valuable strategically and politically than economically for the EU bloc, and helps New Zealand diversify away from China." [75]

Personal life

Groser has been married three times and has three children. [8] He converted to Islam to marry Milda Emza, an Indonesian Muslim and his second wife, in 1996, during his tenure as ambassador to Indonesia. [43]

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Portions of this article are based on public domain text from The National Party.

Political offices
Preceded by Minister of Conservation
20082010
Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of Trade
20082015
Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister for Climate Change Issues
20122015
Succeeded by