A or a is the first letter and the first vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, and others worldwide. Its name in English is a, plural aes.
A diacritic is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek διακριτικός, from διακρίνω. The word diacritic is a noun, though it is sometimes used in an attributive sense, whereas diacritical is only an adjective. Some diacritics, such as the acute ⟨ó⟩, grave ⟨ò⟩, and circumflex ⟨ô⟩, are often called accents. Diacritics may appear above or below a letter or in some other position such as within the letter or between two letters.
A cedilla, or cedille, is a hook or tail added under certain letters to indicate that their pronunciation is modified. In Catalan, French, and Portuguese it is used only under the letter ⟨c⟩, and the entire letter is called, respectively, c trencada, c cédille, and c cedilhado. It is used to mark vowel nasalization in many languages of Sub-Saharan Africa, including Vute from Cameroon.
Ä is a character that represents either a letter from several extended Latin alphabets, or the letter A with an umlaut mark or diaeresis. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, it represents the open central unrounded vowel.
Ü is a Latin script character composed of the letter U and the diaeresis diacritical mark. In some alphabets such as those of a number of Romance languages or Guarani it denotes an instance of regular U to be construed in isolation from adjacent characters with which it would usually form a larger unit; other alphabets like the Azerbaijani, Estonian, German, Hungarian and Turkish ones treat it as a letter in its own right. In those cases it typically represents a close front rounded vowel.
Izhitsa is a letter of the early Cyrillic alphabet and several later alphabets, usually the last in the row. It originates from the Greek letter upsilon and was used in words and names derived from or via the Greek language, such as кѵрилъ or флаѵии. It represented the sounds or as normal letters и and в, respectively. The Glagolitic alphabet has a corresponding letter with the name izhitsa as well. Also, izhitsa in its standard form or, most often, in a tailed variant was part of a digraph оѵ/оу representing the sound. The digraph is known as Cyrillic "uk", and today's Cyrillic letter u originates from its simplified form.
Unicode has a certain amount of duplication of characters. These are pairs of single Unicode code points that are canonically equivalent. The reason for this are compatibility issues with legacy systems.
Diacritical marks of two dots¨, placed side-by-side over or under a letter, are used in several languages for several different purposes. The most familiar to English-language speakers are the diaeresis and the umlaut, though there are numerous others. For example, in Albanian, ë represents a schwa. Such diacritics are also sometimes used for stylistic reasons.
Che with diaeresis is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Che.
Che with vertical stroke is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Che.
Zhe with diaeresis is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Zhe.
U with diaeresis is a letter of the Cyrillic script, derived from the Cyrillic letter U.
Ȼ is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from C with the addition of a stroke through the letter. Its minuscule form represents the sound in certain phonetic transcription systems for the indigenous languages of Mexico, and the Saanich alphabet uses its majuscule form for, and in Unifon, a phonemic transcription for American English; where it represents the sound of Ч.
E with diaeresis is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter E.
Khakassian che is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter che.
Yery with diaeresis is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Yery. In Unicode, this letter is known as "Yeru with Diaeresis".
The Parkari Koli language is an Indo-Aryan language mainly spoken in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. It is spoken in the southeast tip bordering India, in the Tharparkar District, Nagarparkar. Most of the lower Thar Desert, west as far as Indus River, bordered north and west by Hyderabad, to south and west of Badin.
Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography, which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography, introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacritics.
The ISO basic Latin alphabet is an international standard for a Latin-script alphabet that consists of two sets of 26 letters, codified in various national and international standards and used widely in international communication. They are the same letters that comprise the current English alphabet. Since medieval times, they are also the same letters of the modern Latin alphabet. The order is also important for sorting words into alphabetical order.
A with diaeresis and macron is a letter of the Cyrillic script. In all its forms it looks exactly like the Latin letter A with diaeresis and macron.
