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The international standard ISO 233 establishes a system for romanization of Arabic script. It was supplemented by ISO 233-2 in 1993 which is specific for Arabic language.
The table below shows the consonants for the Arabic language.
| Arabic | Latin | Unicode | Notes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hex | Dec | ||||||
| ء | ˌ | 02CC | 716 | hamza without carrier - low vertical line | |||
| ٔ◌ | ˈ | 02C8 | 712 | hamza above carrier - vertical line (high) | |||
| ٕ◌ | hamza below carrier (= alif) | ||||||
| ا | ʾ | 02BE | 702 | modifier letter right half ring[ dubious – discuss ] | |||
| ب | B | b | |||||
| ت | T | t | |||||
| ث | Ṯ | ṯ | 1E6E | 1E6F | 7790 | 7791 | |
| ج | Ǧ | ǧ | 01E6 | 01E7 | 486 | 487 | |
| ح | Ḥ | ḥ | 1E24 | 1E25 | 7716 | 7717 | |
| خ | H̱ | ẖ | H+0331 | 1E96 | H+817 | 7830 | |
| د | D | d | |||||
| ذ | Ḏ | ḏ | 1E0E | 1E0F | 7694 | 7695 | |
| ر | R | r | |||||
| ز | Z | z | |||||
| س | S | s | |||||
| ش | Š | š | 0160 | 0161 | 352 | 353 | |
| ص | Ṣ | ṣ | 1E62 | 1E63 | 7778 | 7779 | |
| ض | Ḍ | ḍ | 1E0C | 1E0D | 7692 | 7693 | |
| ط | Ṭ | ṭ | 1E6C | 1E6D | 7788 | 7789 | |
| ظ | Ẓ | ẓ | 1E92 | 1E93 | 7826 | 7827 | |
| ع | ʿ | 02BF | 703 | modifier letter left half ring | |||
| غ | Ġ | ġ | 0120 | 0121 | 288 | 289 | |
| ف | F | f | |||||
| ق | Q | q | |||||
| ك | K | k | |||||
| ل | L | l | |||||
| م | M | m | |||||
| ن | N | n | |||||
| ه | H | h | |||||
| ة | T̈ | ẗ | T+0308 | 1E97 | T+776 | 7831 | combining diaeresis |
| و | W | w | |||||
| ي | Y | y | |||||
| ى | Ỳ | ỳ | 1EF2 | 1EF3 | 7922 | 7923 | |
ISO 233-2:1993 is an ISO schema for the simplified transliteration of Arabic characters into Roman characters and is dedicated to "Arabic language – Simplified transliteration".
This transliteration system was adopted as an amendment to ISO 233:1984. It is used mainly in library context, and was introduced because ISO 233 was not meeting the indexing purposes, which are essential for the consistency of library catalogs.
According to ISO 233-2(1993), Arabic words are vocalized prior to romanization.
ISO 233-2 is used in French libraries [1] and in North African libraries, and is recommended by ISSN for establishing key titles when cataloguing serials.
ISO 233-3:2023 (previous version: ISO 233-3:1999) is dedicated to "Persian language – Simplified transliteration".
ISO/R 233 is an earlier standard that has been withdrawn. [2]
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Romanization or Latinization of Persian is the representation of the Persian language with the Latin script. Several different romanization schemes exist, each with its own set of rules driven by its own set of ideological goals.
