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QWERTY, along with its direct derivatives such as QWERTZ and AZERTY, is the primary keyboard layout for the Latin alphabet. However, there are also keyboard layouts that do not resemble QWERTY very closely, if at all. Some of these are used for languages[ which? ] where QWERTY may be unsuitable.[ why? ][ citation needed ] Others are specially designed to reduce finger movement and are claimed by some proponents to offer higher typing speed along with ergonomic benefits.
This is a chart of alternative keyboard layouts for typing Latin-script characters. National and specialized versions of QWERTY which do not change the letter keys are not included.
Layout | Design priorities | Base language, country[ clarification needed ] | Homing keys | Created year | # changes from QWERTY | Backspace location | Extra arrow keys? | Programmer features? | Math and symbols? | Modifiers (#core, #aux) | Dead keys? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QWERTY | Various [1] | English, United States | F J | 1870 (approx.)[ citation needed ] | 0 | top right | No | No | mostly no | Varies | Varies |
Dvorak | Ergonomics (hand alternation) | English, United States | U H | 1936 | 28 | top right | No | Varies | No | 1 main, 1 aux | Varies |
Colemak | Ergonomics (total movement, combos); QWERTY learning [2] [3] [4] | English, United States | T N | 2006 | 17 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | No | No | 1 main, 1 aux | 14 aux; acute accent non-dead |
Workman | Ergonomics (lateral extension, finger-specific); QWERTY learning [5] | English, United States | T N | 2010 | 22 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | Varies | No | 1 main, 1 aux | 14 aux; acute accent non-dead |
Neo | Ergonomics (home row, alternation) [6] | German, Germany | E N | 2010 | 28 | top right, and shifted alternate | Yes | Yes (home-area shifted punctuation) | Yes (<100) | 3 main | 3 main; 8 shifted; 6 aux |
BÉPO | Ergonomics (combos, home row) [7] | French, France | E T | 2004–2006 | 29 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | Yes (unshifted punctuation) | Some (<50) | 1 main, 1 aux | 14 aux |
Asset | QWERTY similarity; Ergonomics (combos, home row) [8] | English, United States | T N | 2006 | 15 | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | No | No | 1 main | No |
Minimak | QWERTY learning; Ergonomics (total movement, repetition) [9] | English, United States | T N | 2012 | 8 default (versions with 4 or 12 available) | center left (QWERTY capslock) | No | No | No | 1 main, 1 aux | ? |
QWPR | QWERTY learning; Ergonomics (total movement, repetition) [10] | English, United States | T N | 2013 | 11 | left (QWERTY tab), top right | Yes | Yes (home-area shifted punctuation) | Yes (>>100) | 2 main | 1 main, 2 shifted, 14 aux, 6 doubled |
JCUKEN (Latin) | Phonetic similarity to ЙЦУКЕН | International, Soviet Union | A O | 1919 | 30 | top right | No | No | No | ? | ? |
HCESAR | Ergonomics for Portuguese (letter frequency and hand muscles) | Portuguese, Portugal | D U | 1937 | 29 | top right | No | No | No | ? | 2 main, 3 shifted |
Turkish (F-keyboard) | Ergonomics for Turkish (letter frequency and hand muscles) | Turkish, Turkey | A K | 1955 | 27 | top right | No | No | No | ? | ? |
QWERTY is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets. The name comes from the order of the first six keys on the top letter row of the keyboard: QWERTY. The QWERTY design is based on a layout included in the Sholes and Glidden typewriter sold via E. Remington and Sons from 1874. QWERTY became popular with the success of the Remington No. 2 of 1878 and remains in ubiquitous use.
The QWERTZ or QWERTZU, QWERTZUIOP keyboard is a typewriter and keyboard layout widely used in Central and Southeast Europe. The name comes from the first six letters at the top left of the keyboard:.
AZERTY is a specific layout for the characters of the Latin alphabet on typewriter keys and computer keyboards. The layout takes its name from the first six letters to appear on the first row of alphabetical keys; that is,. Similar to the QWERTZ layout, it is modelled on the English QWERTY layout. It is used in France and Belgium, although each of these countries has its own national variation on the layout. Luxembourg and Switzerland use the Swiss QWERTZ keyboard. Most residents of Quebec, the mainly French-speaking province of Canada, use a QWERTY keyboard that has been adapted to the French language such as the Multilingual Standard keyboard CAN/CSA Z243.200-92 which is stipulated by the government of Quebec and the Government of Canada.
Touch typing is a style of typing. Although the phrase refers to typing without using the sense of sight to find the keys—specifically, a touch typist will know their location on the keyboard through muscle memory—the term is often used to refer to a specific form of touch typing that involves placing the eight fingers in a horizontal row along the middle of the keyboard and having them reach for specific other keys. Both two-handed touch typing and one-handed touch typing are possible.
Das Keyboard is a series of computer keyboards sold by Metadot Corporation, a software company located in Austin, Texas. The "Ultimate" designation on models represents keyboards with blank keycaps, made with the purpose of improving touch typing skills. The "Professional" variants are no different to the Ultimate variants, save for the former having legends on the keycaps. The current iterations employ mechanical keyswitches manufactured by either Cherry or Greetech. "The keyboard" in German is "die Tastatur", not "das Tastatur". "Das Keyboard" is correct in German when referring to the electronical instrument, but the word "Keyboard" is also often used colloquially to refer to the human interface device.
An ergonomic keyboard is a computer keyboard designed with ergonomic considerations to minimize muscle strain, fatigue, and other problems.
A Hebrew keyboard comes in two different keyboard layouts. Most Hebrew keyboards are bilingual, with Latin characters, usually in a US Qwerty layout. Trilingual keyboard options also exist, with the third script being Arabic or Russian, due to the sizable Arabic- and Russian-speaking populations in Israel.
Frets on Fire (FoF) is a free, open-source music video game created by Finnish independent video game developer Unreal Voodoo. Players use the keyboard to play along with markers which appear on screen, with the aim to score points, achieve a high point multiplier, and complete a song. Frets on Fire was the winner of the Assembly 2006 game development competition.
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of available applications supporting the eDonkey network.
Dvorak is a keyboard layout for English patented in 1936 by August Dvorak and his brother-in-law, William Dealey, as a faster and more ergonomic alternative to the QWERTY layout. Dvorak proponents claim that it requires less finger motion and as a result reduces errors, increases typing speed, reduces repetitive strain injuries, or is simply more comfortable than QWERTY.
A keyboard layout is any specific physical, visual, or functional arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer keyboard, mobile phone, or other computer-controlled typographic keyboard.
The Neo layout is an optimized German keyboard layout developed in 2004 by the Neo Users Group, supporting nearly all Latin-based alphabets, including the International Phonetic Alphabet, the Vietnamese language, and some Cyrillic alphabets.
The current Romanian National Standard SR 13392:2004 establishes two layouts for Romanian keyboards: a "primary" one and a "secondary" one.
Keyboard layouts used to type Albanian language.
The BÉPO layout is an optimized French keyboard layout developed by the BÉPO community, supporting all Latin-based alphabets of the European Union, Greek, and Esperanto. It is also designed to ease programming. It is based on ideas from the Dvorak and other ergonomic layouts. Typing with it is usually easier due to the high frequency keys being in the home row. Typing tutors exist to ease the transition.
Colemak is a keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets, designed to make typing more efficient and comfortable than QWERTY by placing the most frequently used letters of the English language on the home row while keeping many common keyboard shortcuts the same as in QWERTY. Released on 1 January 2006, it is named after its inventor, Shai Coleman.
EurKEY is a multilingual keyboard layout which is intended for Europeans, programmers and translators and was developed by Steffen Brüntjen and published under the GPL free software license. It is available for common desktop operating systems such as Windows, Mac OS X and Linux.