The worldwide total cumulative installed electricity generation capacity from wind power has increased rapidly since the start of the third millennium, and as of the end of 2022, it amounts to almost 900 GW. Since 2010, more than half of all new wind power was added outside the traditional markets of Europe and North America, mainly driven by the continuing boom in China and India. China alone had over 40% of the world's capacity by 2022. [3]
Wind power is used on a commercial basis in more than half of all the countries of the world. [4] Denmark produced 55% of its electricity from wind in 2022, a larger share than any other country. Latvia's wind capacity grew by 75%, the largest percent increase in 2022. [3]
In November 2018, wind power generation in Scotland was higher than the country's electricity consumption during the month. [5] Wind power's share of worldwide electricity usage in 2022 was 7.3%, up from 8.9% from the prior year. [3] In Europe, wind was 11.2% of generation in 2022. [3] In 2018, upcoming wind power markets rose from 8% to 10% across the Middle East, Latin America, South East Asia, and Africa. [6]
Number of countries with wind
capacities in the gigawatt-scale
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
The following table lists these data for each country:
Data are sourced from Ember and refer to the year 2022 unless otherwise specified. [3] The table only includes countries with more than 0.1 TWh of generation.
Country | Gen (TWh) | % gen. | Cap. (GW) | % cap. growth | Cap. fac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
World | 2098.46 | 7.3 | 898.86 | 8.9 | 27% |
China | 762.70 | 8.6 | 365.96 | 11.2 | 24% |
United States | 434.30 | 10.1 | 140.86 | 5.9 | 35% |
Germany | 124.91 | 22.3 | 66.29 | 3.9 | 22% |
United Kingdom | 80.26 | 24.6 | 28.76 | 11.7 | 32% |
Brazil | 80.00 | 11.8 | 24.16 | 14.2 | 38% |
India | 70.05 | 3.8 | 41.93 | 4.6 | 19% |
Spain | 61.90 | 21.7 | 29.31 | 5.0 | 24% |
France | 38.56 | 8.2 | 21.12 | 12.7 | 21% |
Canada | 38.13 | 6.0 | 15.30 | 7.0 | 28% |
Turkey | 35.14 | 10.8 | 11.40 | 7.5 | 35% |
Sweden | 33.33 | 19.4 | 14.56 | 20.1 | 26% |
Australia | 31.65 | 11.6 | 10.56 | 0.0 | 34% |
Netherlands | 21.49 | 17.7 | 8.75 | 12.6 | 28% |
Italy | 20.28 | 7.1 | 11.78 | 4.7 | 20% |
Mexico | 20.23 | 5.8 | 7.31 | 2.2 | 32% |
Poland | 19.73 | 11.0 | 7.99 | 14.6 | 28% |
Denmark | 18.93 | 55.0 | 7.09 | 1.0 | 30% |
Norway | 15.90 | 10.4 | 5.13 | 1.6 | 35% |
Argentina | 14.02 | 9.8 | 3.31 | 0.6 | 48% |
Portugal | 13.28 | 28.3 | 5.46 | 0.6 | 28% |
Belgium | 12.16 | 12.8 | 5.25 | 6.1 | 26% |
Finland | 11.72 | 16.1 | 5.61 | 72.1 | 24% |
Ireland | 11.18 | 33.3 | 4.62 | 6.5 | 28% |
Greece | 10.87 | 20.8 | 4.88 | 5.0 | 25% |
South Africa | 9.69 | 4.5 | 3.10 | 4.7 | 36% |
Chile | 8.82 | 10.6 | 3.83 | 22.0 | 26% |
Japan | 8.17 | 0.8 | 4.37 | 2.6 | 21% |
Vietnam | 8.04 | 3.1 | 4.63 | 12.4 | 20% |
Romania | 6.97 | 12.6 | 3.01 | 0.0 | 26% |
Austria | 6.96 | 10.6 | 3.74 | 9.7 | 21% |
Russia | 5.51 | 0.5 | 2.22 | 13.3 | 28% |
Morocco | 5.11 | 12.4 | 1.47 | 2.8 | 40% |
Uruguay | 4.80 | 30.5 | 1.52 | 0.0 | 36% |
Egypt | 4.23 | 2.0 | 1.64 | 0.0 | 29% |
Pakistan | 4.12 | 2.7 | 1.44 | 7.5 | 33% |
Taiwan | 3.50 | 1.2 | 1.58 | 53.4 | 25% |
South Korea | 3.37 | 0.6 | 1.91 | 11.1 | 20% |
New Zealand | 3.20 | 7.3 | 0.91 | 0.0 | 40% |
Thailand | 3.00 | 1.6 | 1.55 | 0.0 | 22% |
Kazakhstan | 2.28 | 2.0 | 1.11 | 63.2 | 23% |
Croatia | 2.28 | 16.1 | 1.04 | 5.1 | 25% |
Peru | 1.96 | 3.3 | 0.41 | 0.0 | 55% |
Kenya | 1.68 | 13.6 | 0.44 | 0.0 | 44% |
Lithuania | 1.59 | 38.0 | 0.81 | 20.9 | 22% |
Jordan (2021) | 1.57 | 7.2 | 0.62 | 19.2 | 29% |
Bulgaria | 1.44 | 2.9 | 0.70 | 0.0 | 23% |
Costa Rica | 1.36 | 10.8 | 0.39 | 0.0 | 40% |
Dominican Republic (2021) | 1.29 | 7.3 | 0.37 | 0.0 | 40% |
Iran | 1.25 | 0.4 | 0.34 | 9.7 | 42% |
Philippines | 0.95 | 0.8 | 0.44 | 0.0 | 25% |
Serbia | 0.94 | 2.7 | 0.40 | 0.0 | 27% |
Ukraine | 0.83 | 0.7 | 1.76 | 0.0 | 5% |
Honduras (2021) | 0.80 | 6.7 | 0.24 | 0.0 | 38% |
Panama (2021) | 0.66 | 5.9 | 0.27 | 0.0 | 28% |
Czech Republic | 0.65 | 0.8 | 0.34 | 0.0 | 22% |
Estonia | 0.63 | 7.5 | 0.31 | 0.0 | 23% |
Nicaragua (2021) | 0.63 | 13.6 | 0.19 | 0.0 | 38% |
Ethiopia (2021) | 0.61 | 4.2 | 0.32 | 0.0 | 22% |
Hungary | 0.61 | 1.7 | 0.32 | 0.0 | 22% |
Bolivia | 0.48 | 4.3 | 0.13 | 0.0 | 42% |
Tunisia | 0.42 | 2.1 | 0.25 | 0.0 | 19% |
Mongolia | 0.42 | 5.8 | 0.16 | 0.0 | 30% |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.39 | 2.4 | 0.14 | 0.0 | 32% |
Sri Lanka (2021) | 0.37 | 2.3 | 0.25 | 38.9 | 17% |
Indonesia | 0.36 | 0.1 | 0.15 | 0.0 | 27% |
Guatemala (2021) | 0.32 | 2.2 | 0.11 | 0.0 | 33% |
Luxembourg | 0.31 | 25.2 | 0.17 | 21.4 | 21% |
Montenegro | 0.31 | 9.4 | 0.12 | 0.0 | 29% |
Jamaica (2021) | 0.30 | 6.9 | 0.10 | 0.0 | 34% |
Senegal (2021) | 0.25 | 4.5 | 0.16 | 0.0 | 18% |
Cyprus | 0.22 | 4.2 | 0.16 | 0.0 | 16% |
Israel (2021) | 0.19 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 0.0 | 72% |
Belarus (2021) | 0.19 | 0.4 | 0.11 | 0.0 | 20% |
Latvia | 0.19 | 3.8 | 0.14 | 75.0 | 15% |
Switzerland | 0.17 | 0.3 | 0.09 | 0.0 | 22% |
Puerto Rico (2021) | 0.16 | 0.9 | 0.10 | 0.0 | 18% |
Mauritania (2021) | 0.15 | 8.0 | 0.03 | 0.0 | 57% |
Aruba (2021) | 0.14 | 15.1 | 0.03 | 0.0 | 53% |
Kosovo | 0.13 | 1.9 | 0.14 | 0.0 | 11% |
North Macedonia | 0.11 | 1.9 | 0.04 | 0.0 | 31% |
Renewable energy progress in the European Union (EU) is driven by the European Commission's 2023 revision of the Renewable Energy Directive, which raises the EU's binding renewable energy target for 2030 to at least 42.5%, up from the previous target of 32%. Effective since November 20, 2023, across all EU countries, this directive aligns with broader climate objectives, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 and achieving climate neutrality by 2050. Additionally, the Energy 2020 strategy exceeded its goals, with the EU achieving a 22.1% share of renewable energy in 2020, surpassing the 20% target.
Electric energy consumption is energy consumption in the form of electrical energy. About a fifth of global energy is consumed as electricity: for residential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other purposes. Quickly increasing this share by further electrification is extremely important to limit climate change, because most other energy is consumed by burning fossil fuels thus emitting greenhouse gases which trap heat.
Many countries and territories have installed significant solar power capacity into their electrical grids to supplement or provide an alternative to conventional energy sources. Solar power plants use one of two technologies:
Wind power in Germany is a growing industry. The installed capacity was 55.6 gigawatts (GW) at the end of 2017, with 5.2 GW from offshore installations. In 2020, 23.3% of the country's total electricity was generated through wind power, up from 6.2% in 2010 and 1.6% in 2000.
Renewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years. First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hydroelectricity, geothermal power and heat. Second-generation technologies are market-ready and are being deployed at the present time; they include solar heating, photovoltaics, wind power, solar thermal power stations, and modern forms of bioenergy. Third-generation technologies require continued R&D efforts in order to make large contributions on a global scale and include advanced biomass gasification, hot-dry-rock geothermal power, and ocean energy. In 2019, nearly 75% of new installed electricity generation capacity used renewable energy and the International Energy Agency (IEA) has predicted that by 2025, renewable capacity will meet 35% of global power generation.
As of 2023, Europe had a total installed wind capacity of 255 gigawatts (GW). In 2017, a total of 15,680 MW of wind power was installed, representing 55% of all new power capacity, and the wind power generated 336 TWh of electricity, enough to supply 11.6% of the EU's electricity consumption.
Sweden consumes about 150 terawatt hours of electricity per year, of which about 27.1 TW·h (19.0%) was generated from domestic wind power resources in 2021, up from 2.4% in 2010 and 0.3% in 2000.
China is the world's leader in electricity production from renewable energy sources, with over triple the generation of the second-ranking country, the United States. China's renewable energy sector is growing faster than its fossil fuels and nuclear power capacity, and is expected to contribute 43 per cent of global renewable capacity growth. China's total renewable energy capacity exceeded 1,000 GW in 2021, accounting for 43.5 per cent of the country's total power generation capacity, 10.2 percentage points higher than in 2015. The country aims to have 80 per cent of its total energy mix come from non-fossil fuel sources by 2060, and achieve a combined 1,200 GW of solar and wind capacity by 2030. In 2023, it was reported that China was on track to reach 1,371 gigawatts of wind and solar by 2025, five years ahead of target due to new renewables installations breaking records.
Spain, along with other European Union States, has a target of generating 32% of all its energy needs from renewable energy sources by 2030. A previous target of 20% for 2020, with an additional 0.8% available for other EU countries under the cooperation mechanism, was reached and slightly surpassed. In 2021, renewables generated 46.7% of Spain's electricity needs, the largest part of it from wind power (23.3%), followed by hydroelectric (11.4%), solar (9.9%), and other renewables (2.2%). In 2023, the share of electricity generated from renewable sources rose to 50.8%, reflecting the country's progress towards its decarbonisation goals.
China is the world leader in wind power generation, with the largest installed capacity of any nation and continued rapid growth in new wind facilities. With its large land mass and long coastline, China has exceptional wind power resources: Wind power remained China's third-largest source of electricity at the end of 2021, accounting for 7.5% of total power generation.
The renewable-energy industry is the part of the energy industry focusing on new and appropriate renewable energy technologies. Investors worldwide have paid greater attention to this emerging industry in recent years. In many cases, this has translated into rapid renewable energy commercialization and considerable industry expansion. The wind power, solar power and hydroelectric power industries provide good examples of this.
China is the world's largest electricity producer, having overtaken the United States in 2011 after rapid growth since the early 1990s. In 2021, China produced 8.5 petawatt-hour (PWh) of electricity, approximately 30% of the world's electricity production.
Between 1992 and 2023, the worldwide usage of photovoltaics (PV) increased exponentially. During this period, it evolved from a niche market of small-scale applications to a mainstream electricity source. From 2016-2022 it has seen an annual capacity and production growth rate of around 26%- doubling approximately every three years.
As of 2019, renewable energy in Morocco covered 35% of the country’s electricity needs.
The US state of Colorado has vast wind energy resources and the installed electricity capacity and generation from wind power in Colorado has been growing significantly in recent years. The growth has been sustained due to a combination of falling costs, continuing federal incentives, and the state's aggressive renewable portfolio standard that requires 30% of the state's electricity to come from renewable sources by 2020.
Germany's electrical grid is part of the Synchronous grid of Continental Europe. In 2020, due to COVID-19 conditions and strong winds, Germany produced 484 TW⋅h of electricity of which over 50% was from renewable energy sources, 24% from coal, and 12% from natural gas. This is the first year renewables represented more than 50% of the total electricity production and a major change from 2018, when a full 38% was from coal, only 40% was from renewable energy sources, and 8% was from natural gas.
Energy in Greece is dominated by fossil gas and oil. Electricity generation is dominated by the one third state owned Public Power Corporation. In 2009 DEI supplied for 85.6% of all electric energy demand in Greece, while the number fell to 77.3% in 2010. Almost half (48%) of DEI's power output in 2010 was generated using lignite. 12% of Greece's electricity comes from hydroelectric power plants and another 20% from natural gas. Between 2009 and 2010, independent companies' energy production increased by 56%, from 2,709 Gigawatt hour in 2009 to 4,232 GWh in 2010.
Renewables supply a quarter of energy in Turkey, including heat and electricity. Some houses have rooftop solar water heating, and hot water from underground warms many spas and greenhouses. In parts of the west hot rocks are shallow enough to generate electricity as well as heat. Wind turbines, also mainly near western cities and industry, generate a tenth of Turkey’s electricity. Hydropower, mostly from dams in the east, is the only modern renewable energy which is fully exploited. Hydropower averages about a fifth of the country's electricity, but much less in drought years. Apart from wind and hydro, other renewables; such as geothermal, solar and biogas; together generated almost a tenth of Turkey’s electricity in 2022. Türkiye has ranked 5th in Europe and 12th in the world in terms of installed capacity in renewable energy. The share of renewables in Türkiye’s installed power reached to 54% at the end of 2022.
Denmark is a leading country in renewable energy production and usage. Renewable energy sources collectively produced 75% of Denmark's electricity generation in 2022, and are expected to provide 100% of national electric power production from 2030. Including energy use in the heating/cooling and transport sectors, Denmark is expected to reach 100% renewable energy in 2050, up from the 34% recorded in 2021.
World energy supply and consumption refers to the global primary energy production, energy conversion and trade, and final consumption of energy. Energy can be used in various different forms, as processed fuels or electricity, or for various different purposes, like for transportation or electricity generation. Energy production and consumption are an important part of the economy. A serious problem concerning energy production and consumption is greenhouse gas emissions. Of about 50 billion tonnes worldwide annual total greenhouse gas emissions, 36 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide was emitted due to energy in 2021.