A cup fell to the ground
With a sound clearly heard.
As space was pulverised,
The mad mind came to a stop.
Later life
Xuyun worked tirelessly as a bodhisattva, teaching precepts, explaining sutras, and restoring old temples. He worked throughout Asia, creating a following across Burma, Thailand, Malaya, and Vietnam, as well as Tibet and China. He remained in China during World War II. In the winter of 1942, Xuyun held a "Protect the Nation, Quell the Disaster, Mahākaruṇā Dharma Assembly" that lasted over three months in Chongqing, the capital of China at that time. He stayed after the rise of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to support the Buddhist communities rather than retreat to the safety of Hong Kong or Taiwan.
In the spring of 1951, Xuyun and twenty-five monks were accused of hiding weapons and treasure. They were arrested and tortured in Yunmen Monastery (simplified Chinese :云门寺; traditional Chinese :雲門寺; pinyin :Yúnmén Sì) in Shaoguan, Guangdong province. Some of the monks were tortured to death or suffered broken bones. Xuyun endured several beatings during the interrogations, resulting in fractures to his rib cage. He closed his eyes and would not talk, eat, or drink, and stayed in the samādhi for nine days. During this time, his attendants Fayun and Kuanchun waited on him. Several of his works on scriptural commentary were also destroyed. Li Jishen, who was Vice President of the PRC at the time, informed and sought help from the then Premier of the PRC, Zhou Enlai, who put an end to the monks' detention after three months. This incident later became known as the "Yunmen Incident." [14] [15]
In 1953, with Dharma Master Yuan Ying and others, Xuyun formed the Chinese Buddhist Association at Guangji (Extensive Aid) Monastery where he was Honorary President. The following resolutions were proposed to the government:
- In all places, further destruction of monasteries and temples, the desecration of images, and the burning of sutras shall immediately cease;
- Forcing bhikshus and bhikshunis to leave their monastic orders will not be tolerated; and
- All monastery property shall be returned forthwith, and enough arable acreage should be returned to the Sangha so as to make the monasteries self-supporting.
The petition was approved. Xuyun then represented the Association in receiving three gifts from a Buddhist delegation from Sri Lanka. [16] He also responded to the invitation of Dharma Master Nan Tong to head another Dharma assembly at Lang Shan Monastery, where several thousand people from all over took refuge in Triple Gems. He returned to Shanghai in the third lunar month, and the next month received a telegram from Beijing requesting his presence in the capital. After arriving, he stayed at Guangji Monastery. Representatives of various Buddhist groups also were present, and the Chinese Buddhist Association was officially inaugurated. After a plenary meeting in which important policies were decided, some monks suggested to him some changes to precepts and rules. Xuyun then scolded them and wrote an essay about the manifestation of the Dharma Ending Age. [17] [18]
Death
Xuyun became ill in the summer of 1959 and died on 13 October of the same year. [19]
Significance
In 1953, the Chinese Buddhist Association was established at a meeting with 121 delegates in Beijing. The meeting also elected a chairman, four honorary chairmen, seven vice-chairmen, a secretary general, three deputy secretaries-general, eighteen members of a standing committee, and ninety-three directors. The four elected honorary chairmen were the Dalai Lama, the Panchen Lama, the Grand Lama of Inner Mongolia, and Xuyun himself. [20]
Publications
- Empty Cloud: The Autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master Xu Yun [21]
Notes
- ↑ Heine, Steven; Wright, Dale Steward (2010), Zen Masters, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 92. ISBN 9780199777181
- ↑ Buswell, Robert Jr; Lopez, Donald S. Jr., eds. (2013). "Xuyun", in Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 1017. ISBN 9780691157863.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- 1 2 "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "Song Of The Skin Bag". www.dharmasite.net.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳集 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ Xu Yun (Author); Luk, Charles (Translator); Hunn, Richard (Revised & edited): "Empty Cloud: The Autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master Xu Yun", pages 138-140. Element Books, 1988, ISBN 1-85230-031-0
- ↑ Venerable Master Hsuan Hua (Composed by); Buddhist Text Translation Society/Dharma Realm Buddhist University (Translator): "A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun, Vol. 1", pages 433-435. Dharma Realm Buddhist University, 1983, ISBN 0-88139-008-9
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ "虛雲和尚年譜" [Chronology of Monk Xuyun] (in Chinese).
- ↑ Ch'en, Kenneth (1964). Buddhism in China : A Historical Survey. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 463–4. ISBN 0691000158.
- ↑ "虛雲老和尚畫傳 上宣下化老和尚著述 A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun composed by the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua". Drbachinese.org. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
- ↑ Holmes, Welch (1961). "Buddhism Under the Communists", China Quarterly, No.6, Apr-June 1961, pp. 1-14.
- ↑ Xuyun (1988). Empty Cloud : the autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master, Xu-Yun. Lu, Kʻuan Yü, 1898-, Hunn, Richard. Shaftesbury, Eng.: Element Books. ISBN 1-85230-031-0. OCLC 24585170.
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References
- Campo, Daniela (2017). Chan Master Xuyun, the Embodiment of an Ideal, the Transmission of a Model. In David Ownby, Vincent Goossaert, Ji Zhe, Making Saints in Modern China. Oxford University Press. pp. 102–136. ISBN 978-0-19-049456-8.
- Gauci, Damian, John (2011). Chan-Pure Land: An Interpretation of Xu Yun's (1840-1959) Oral Instructions, Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal 24, 105-120
- Huimin Bhiksu (2009). An Inquiry Into Master Xuyun’s Experiences of Long-dwelling in Samadhi, Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal 22, 45-68
- Hunn, Richard (ed.), translated by Charles Luk (1974). Empty Cloud: the Autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master Hsu Yun. Rochester: Empty Cloud Press. Shaftesbury: Element Books, 1988 (revised)
- Kʻuan Yü Lu (Charles Luk) (1964). "Master Hsu Yun Brief Biography", The Mountain Path, Vol. 1, October 1964, No. 4
- Kʻuan Yü Lu (Charles Luk) (1961). Ch'an and Zen teaching, London : Rider. OCLC 459708159
- Kʻuan Yü Lu; Xuyun (1993). Master Hsu Yun's discourses and dharma words, Hong Kong : H. K. Buddhist book distributor.
- Hsuan Hua (1983,1985). A Pictorial Biography of the Venerable Master Hsu Yun - Vol.1 and Vol.2 (2nd edition 2003). Burlingame, Calif.: Buddhist Text Translation Society, Dharma Realm Buddhist Univ. ISBN 0881394858
- Sakya, Jy Din (1996). Empty Cloud: The teachings of Xu Yun. A remembrance of the Great Chinese Zen Master, Hong Kong : H. K. Buddhist book distributor
External links
- There are two institutions under the name "Zen Buddhist Order of Hsu Yun": one at hsuyun.org and another at zatma.org
- List of books on the life and teachings of Master Hsu Yun.
- Testimonies of awakening
- 虛雲和尚年譜
- Master Xuyun Memorial Photographic Library
- Teachings by Master Xu Yun on “Huatou”-style Practice in Chan
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 Xuyun | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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