1213

1213 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1213 MCCXIII
Ab urbe condita	1966
Armenian calendar	662 ԹՎ ՈԿԲ
Assyrian calendar	5963
Balinese saka calendar	1134–1135
Bengali calendar	619–620
Berber calendar	2163
English Regnal year	14  Joh. 1  – 15  Joh. 1
Buddhist calendar	1757
Burmese calendar	575
Byzantine calendar	6721–6722
Chinese calendar	壬申年 (Water  Monkey) 3910 or 3703     — to — 癸酉年 (Water  Rooster) 3911 or 3704
Coptic calendar	929–930
Discordian calendar	2379
Ethiopian calendar	1205–1206
Hebrew calendar	4973–4974
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1269–1270
- Shaka Samvat	1134–1135
- Kali Yuga	4313–4314
Holocene calendar	11213
Igbo calendar	213–214
Iranian calendar	591–592
Islamic calendar	609–610
Japanese calendar	Kenryaku 3 / Kenpō 1 (建保元年)
Javanese calendar	1121–1122
Julian calendar	1213 MCCXIII
Korean calendar	3546
Minguo calendar	699 before ROC 民前699年
Nanakshahi calendar	−255
Thai solar calendar	1755–1756
Tibetan calendar	阳水猴年 (male Water-Monkey) 1339 or 958 or 186     — to — 阴水鸡年 (female Water-Rooster) 1340 or 959 or 187

Battle of Muret (1213)

Year 1213 ( MCCXIII ) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

Events

• May 15 – King John of England submits to Pope Innocent III, who in turn lifts the interdict of 1208 the following year. ^{[1] [2]}
• May 30 – Battle of Damme: The English fleet under William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, destroys a French fleet off the Belgian port in the first major victory for the fledgling Royal Navy. ^{[3] [4]}
• September 12 – Battle of Muret: The Toulousain and Aragonese forces of Raymond VI of Toulouse and Peter II of Aragon are defeated by the Albigensian Crusade, under Simon de Montfort. ^{[5] [6]}
• Jin China is overrun by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, who plunder the countryside and cities, until only Beijing remains free, despite two bloody palace coups and a lengthy siege. ^{[7] [8]}
• Pope Innocent III issues a charter calling for the Fifth Crusade to recapture Jerusalem. ^{[9] [10] [11]}

• Construction of Kilkenny Castle in Ireland is completed. ^{[12] [13]}

Births

• March 9 – Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy, French crusader (d. 1271) ^[14]
• June 10 – Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi, Persian philosopher and Sufi mystic ^{[15] [16]}
• Ibn al-Nafis, polymath (d. 1288) ^[17]
• Hethum I, King of Armenia, ruler of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (d. 1270)

Deaths

• January 18 – Queen Tamar of Georgia (b. c. 1160) ^{[18] [19]}
• April 13 – Guy of Thouars, regent of Brittany ^{[20] [21] [22]}
• April 21 – Maria of Montpellier, Lady of Montpellier, Queen of Aragon (b. 1182) ^{[23] [24]}
• September 12 – King Peter II of Aragon (killed in battle) (b. 1174) ^{[25] [26]}
• September 28 – Gertrude of Merania, queen consort regent of Hungary (murdered) (b. 1185) ^{[27] [28] [29]}
• October 10 – Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine ^[30]
• October 14 – Geoffrey Fitz Peter, 1st Earl of Essex ^{[31] [32]}
• Sharafeddin Tusi, Persian mathematician (b. 1135) ^{[33] [34] [35]}

References

1. Schulman, Jana K. (2002). The Rise of the Medieval World, 500-1300: A Biographical Dictionary. The Great Cultural Eras of the Western World. Westport, CT and London: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. xxix. ISBN   9780313308178.
2. Moore, John Clare (2003). Pope Innocent 3rd 1160/61-1216: To Root Up and to Plant. The Medieval Mediterranean. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. pp. 212–214. ISBN   9789004129252.
3. Tucker, Spencer C. (2009). A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Vol. I: ca. 3000 BCE - 1499 CE. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 269. ISBN   9781851096725.
4. Poole, Austin Lane (1993). From Domesday Book to Magna Carta, 1087-1216. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 459–461. ISBN   9780192852878.
5. de Puylaurens, Guillaume (2003). The Chronicle of William of Puylaurens: The Albigensian Crusade and Its Aftermath. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. pp. 45–47. ISBN   9780851159256.
6. Brooks, Constantina E. (June–November 1872). "The Battle of Muret, A.D. 1213". Harper's New Monthly Magazine . XLV: 449.
7. Bennett, Matthew (1998). The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ancient & Medieval Warfare. Chicago, London: Taylor & Francis. p. 73. ISBN   9781579581169.
8. McNab, Chris (2017). Famous Battles of the Medieval Period. New York: Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. p. 47. ISBN   9781502632470.
9. Mylod, E. J.; Perry, Guy; Smith, Thomas W.; Vandeburie, Jan (2016). The Fifth Crusade in Context: The Crusading Movement in the Early Thirteenth Century. New York: Routledge. ISBN   9781317160175.
10. Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp.  612–613. ISBN   9780674023871. 1213 Fifth Crusade.
11. Bird, Jessalynn; Peters, Edward; Powell, James M. (2013). Crusade and Christendom: Annotated Documents in Translation from Innocent III to the Fall of Acre, 1187-1291. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 106–112. ISBN   9780812207651.
12. Campbell, James; Bill, Nicholas; Draper, Karey; Fleming, Patrick; Pan, Yiting; Andrews, Wendy (2015). "Old Ennisnag Bridge (by D. O'Dwyer and R. Cox)". Proceedings of the First Conference of the Construction History Society. Exeter, UK: Short Run Press. p. 307. ISBN   9780992875107.
13. "Kilkenny Castle". www.kilkenny.ie. September 29, 2007. Archived from the original on March 2, 2010. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
14. Commire, Anne (1999). Women in World History. Vol. I. Waterford, CT: Gale. p. 77. ISBN   9780787640613.
15. Clark, Matthew (2017). "Religious Sects, Syncretism, and Claims of Antiquity: The Dashanami–Sannyasis and South Asian Sufis'. In Literary, Religious and Political Cultures in Medieval and Early Modern India". In Aquil, Raziuddin; Curley, David L. (eds.). Literary and Religious Practices in Medieval and Early Modern India. London and New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 87. ISBN   9781351987325.
16. Dabashi, Hamid (2012). The World of Persian Literary Humanism. Harvard University Press. pp. Cambridge, MA and London. ISBN   9780674067592.
17. أبو غدة, عبد الفتاح (1984). قيمة الزمن عند العلماء. مكتب المطبوعات الإسلامية – الطبعة العاشرة, حلب. p. 73.
18. Cook, Bernard A. (2006). Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. p. 579. ISBN   9781851097708.
19. Schmermund, Elizabeth (2017). Women Warriors. New York: Enslow Publishing, LLC. pp. 39–43. ISBN   9780766081529.
20. Baldwin, John W. (1991) [1986]. The Government of Philip Augustus: Foundations of French Royal Power in the Middle Ages. Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford: University of California Press. p. 199. ISBN   9780520911116.
21. Everard, Judith; Jones, Michael C. E. (1999). The Charters of Duchess Constance of Brittany and Her Family, 1171-1221. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell & Brewer. p. 141. ISBN   9780851157511.
22. Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke; Cates, William Leist Readwin (1872). Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical. London: Lee and Shepard. p. 227.
23. Martin, Therese (2012). Reassessing the Roles of Women as 'Makers' of Medieval Art and Architecture (2 Vol. Set). Visualizing the Middle Ages. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 352. ISBN   9789004185555.
24. de Puylaurens, Guillaume (2003). The Chronicle of William of Puylaurens: The Albigensian Crusade and Its Aftermath. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. p. 30. ISBN   9780851159256.
25. Jenkins, Ernest E. (2012). The Mediterranean World of Alfonso II and Peter II of Aragon (1162–1213). The New Middle Ages. New York: Springer. p. 2. ISBN   9781137078261.
26. Sarfaty, David E. (2010). Buy Columbus Re-discovered: Why the King of Aragon Suppressed the Discoverer's Identity and How He Did. Pittsburgh, PA: Dorrance Publishing. p. 160. ISBN   9781434997500.
27. Berend, Nora (2017). The Expansion of Central Europe in the Middle Ages. The Expansion of Latin Europe, 1000 - 1500. New York and London: Routledge. ISBN   9781351890083.
28. Bork, Robert; Clark, William W.; McGehee, Abby (2016). New Approaches to Medieval Architecture. New York and London: Routledge. ISBN   9781351915137.
29. Loud, Graham A.; Schenk, Jochen (2017). The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians. New York and London: Taylor & Francis. pp. xxiii. ISBN   9781317022008.
30. Jeep, John M. (2001). Medieval Germany: An Encyclopedia. New York and London: Psychology Press. p. 467. ISBN   9780824076443.
31. Weis, Frederick Lewis (1992). Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America Before 1700: The Lineage of Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, Robert the Strong, and Some of Their Descendants. Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 213. ISBN   9780806313672.
32. West, Francis (2005). Justiceship England 1066-1232. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 137. ISBN   9780521619646.
33. Dahan-Dalmédico, Amy; Peiffer, Jeanne (2010) [1986]. History of Mathematics: Highways and Byways. Washington, D.C.: Mathematical Association of America. p. 97. ISBN   9780883855621.
34. Gharipour, Mohammad (2015). The Historiography of Persian Architecture. London and New York: Routledge. p. 66. ISBN   9781317427223.
35. Cooke, Roger L. (2011) [2005]. The History of Mathematics.: A Brief Course (Second ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. p. 426. ISBN   9781118030240.