2012 Galician regional election

Last updated
2012 Galician regional election
Flag of Galicia.svg
  2009 21 October 2012 2016  

All 75 seats in the Parliament of Galicia
38 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered2,697,717 Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 1.9%
Turnout1,481,379 (54.9%)
Red Arrow Down.svg 9.5 pp
 First partySecond partyThird party
  Alberto Nunez Feijoo 2010 (cropped).jpg Pachi Vazquez 2012 (cropped).jpg Xose Manuel Beiras 2012 (cropped).jpg
Leader Alberto Núñez Feijóo Pachi Vázquez Xosé Manuel Beiras
Party PP PSdeG–PSOE AGE
Leader since15 January 200625 April 20097 September 2012
Leader's seat Pontevedra Ourense A Coruña
Last election38 seats, 46.7%25 seats, 31.0%0 seats, 1.0% [lower-alpha 1]
Seats won41189
Seat change Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 3 Red Arrow Down.svg 7 Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 9
Popular vote661,281297,584200,828
Percentage45.8%20.6%13.9%
Swing Red Arrow Down.svg 0.9 pp Red Arrow Down.svg 10.4 pp Green Arrow Up Darker.svg 12.9 pp

 Fourth party
  Francisco Jorquera 2012 (cropped).jpg
Leader Francisco Jorquera
Party BNG
Leader since29 January 2012
Leader's seat A Coruña
Last election12 seats, 16.0%
Seats won7
Seat change Red Arrow Down.svg 5
Popular vote146,027
Percentage10.1%
Swing Red Arrow Down.svg 5.9 pp

2012 Galician regional election.svg
Constituency results map for the Parliament of Galicia

President before election

Alberto Núñez Feijóo
PP

Elected President

Alberto Núñez Feijóo
PP

The 2012 Galician regional election was held on Sunday, 21 October 2012, to elect the 9th Parliament of the autonomous community of Galicia. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with a regional election in the Basque Country.

Contents

President Alberto Núñez Feijóo announced the election following Lehendakari Patxi López's decision to schedule a Basque snap regional election for 21 October 2012. [1] [2] The vote was seen as an electoral test on the economic policy of Mariano Rajoy's government, which had been elected at the 2011 Spanish general election and had undertaken harsh spending cuts which had seen its popularity ratings plummet in opinion polls. [3] Feijóo aimed at securing reelection for a second term in office at the helm of the regional People's Party (PP), for which he needed the party to retain the absolute majority it commanded in parliament to prevent an alternative coalition being formed between the Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) and the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG), similarly to the one in power in the 2005–2009 period. [4] [5]

The election resulted in an increased majority for Feijóo, as support for both the PSdeG and BNG plunged amid internal party infighting and disillusion from left-from-centre voters. [6] The Galician Left Alternative (AGE) alliance, headed by former BNG leader Xosé Manuel Beiras and comprising United Left (EU) and Beiras's newly created party Anova, obtained a surprise result with 200,000 votes and 14% of the share, scoring in third place regionally and displacing the PSdeG in second place in the cities of A Coruña, Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela. [7] The fragmentation of the left-wing vote and the high abstention rate—with slightly over 45% of the electorate not casting a ballot—favoured the PP enlarging its majority despite seeing a drop of over 100,000 ballots from 2009. [8]

Overview

Electoral system

The Parliament of Galicia was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of Galicia, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Galician Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a regional president. [9] Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Galicia and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Galicians abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado). [10]

The 75 members of the Parliament of Galicia were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra, with each being allocated an initial minimum of 10 seats and the remaining 35 being distributed in proportion to their populations. [9] [11]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Parliament constituency was entitled the following seats:

SeatsConstituencies
24 A Coruña
22 Pontevedra
15 Lugo
14 Ourense

In smaller constituencies, the use of the electoral method resulted in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies. [12]

Election date

The term of the Parliament of Galicia expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Journal of Galicia (DOG), with election day taking place between the fifty-fourth and the sixtieth day from publication. The previous election was held on 1 March 2009, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 1 March 2013. The election decree was required to be published in the DOG no later than 5 February 2013, with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday, 6 April 2013. [9] [11]

The president had the prerogative to dissolve the Parliament of Galicia and call a snap election, provided that it did not occur before one year had elapsed since a previous dissolution under this procedure. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional President within a two-month period from the first ballot, the Parliament was to be automatically dissolved and a fresh election called. [13]

Speculation on the 2013 Galician election being held ahead of schedule emerged after opinion polls at the end of 2011—shortly after the 2011 Spanish general election which saw a landslide victory for the People's Party (PP) across Spain—pointed to an "historic absolute majority" for the party in the region. [14] [15] In February 2012, Galician president Alberto Núñez Feijóo had ruled out a snap election "before the summer", [16] [17] a decision that he reiterated after the Andalusian regional election on 25 March had seen the PP losing over 400,000 votes in comparison to the party's 2011 general election results in the region. [18] The media pointed out that Feijóo could be considering an autumn election instead, [19] [20] in order to prevent further spending cuts from the national PP government under Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy from affecting his image, [21] [22] On 21 August 2012, Lehendakari Patxi López's announcement of a snap Basque election for 21 October left Feijóo little room for an autumn election, [1] [23] and one week later he called a snap election in Galicia to be held concurrently with the Basque poll. [2] [24]

Background

The election was held amid a climate of falling popularity for the Mariano Rajoy's government, with the electoral campaign being focused on the austerity measures and spending cuts approved by the national PP government. [3] In July 2012, a €65 billion-worth spending cut and a VAT rise from 18% to 21% was introduced, with such measures being heavily criticised because they were a breach of key campaign promises made by the PP in the party's election manifesto. [25] [26] The PP vote share had plummeted in national opinion polls from 40% to 34% as a result, raising fears within Núñez Feijóo's regional government on the possibility of losing their overall majority in the Galician regional election; this had seen an attempt to reform the regional electoral law by decreasing the size of the Parliament of Galicia from 75 to 61, under a seat apportionment that was seen as benefitting the PP's rural strongholds. [27] [28] The reform did not come to pass as a result of the snap poll and a lack of consensus with opposition parties for its approval. [29]

The Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) had split following its 13th national assembly in January 2012 over dissatisfaction with the bloc's political line and the control exercised by the Galician People's Union (UPG). [30] Among the splitting forces were Xosé Manuel Beiras's Encontro Irmandiño (EI), [31] Nationalist Left (EN), [32] Máis Galiza (+G), [33] the Galician Nationalist Party–Galicianist Party (PNG–PG), [34] the Galician Workers' Front (FOGA) and the Galician Socialist Space (ESG), [35] whereas Inzar and the Socialist Collective chose to dissolve. [36] The split parties would rally around a broad umbrella dubbed as the Novo Proxecto Común (English: "New Common Project"), [37] which would provide the basis for the emergence of two new political forces: EI and the FOGA would join other political forces—such as the Galician People's Front (FPG) and Movemento pola Base (MpB)—into the new Renewal–Nationalist Brotherhood (Anova) party, [38] [39] while EN would merge with +G, ESG, PNG–PG, Terra Galega, Espazo Ecosocialista Galego and Acción Galega into the newly established Commitment to Galicia (CxG). [40] [41]

Parliamentary composition

The Parliament of Galicia was officially dissolved on 28 August 2012, after the publication of the dissolution decree in the Official Journal of Galicia. [42] The table below shows the composition of the parliamentary groups in the chamber at the time of dissolution. [43]

Parliamentary composition in August 2012 [44]
GroupsPartiesLegislators
SeatsTotal
People's Parliamentary Group of Galicia PP 3838
Socialists' Parliamentary Group of Galicia PSdeG–PSOE 2525
Galician Nationalist Bloc's Parliamentary Group BNG 1212

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. [11] [45]

Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:

CandidacyParties and
alliances
Leading candidateIdeologyPrevious resultGov.Ref.
Votes (%)Seats
PP
List
Alberto Nunez Feijoo 2010 (cropped).jpg Alberto Núñez Feijóo Conservatism
Christian democracy
46.68%38Yes check.svg [46]
PSdeG–
PSOE
List
Pachi Vazquez 2012 (cropped).jpg Pachi Vázquez Social democracy 31.02%25X mark.svg [47]
BNG Francisco Jorquera 2012 (cropped).jpg Francisco Jorquera Galician nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Socialism
16.01%12X mark.svg [48]
AGE Xose Manuel Beiras 2012 (cropped).jpg Xosé Manuel Beiras Galician nationalism
Democratic socialism
0.97% [lower-alpha 1] 0X mark.svg [49]
[50]
[51]
[52]

Election debates

2012 Galician regional election debates
DateOrganisersModerator(s)   P Present [lower-alpha 2]   NI Not invited 
PP PSdeG BNG AudienceRef.
8 October TVG Marga PazosP
Feijóo
P
Vázquez
NI31.3%
(362,000)
[53]
[54]
9 October TVG Marga PazosNIP
Vázquez
P
Jorquera
19.5%
(221,000)
[55]
[56]
10 October TVG Marga PazosP
Feijóo
NIP
Jorquera
24.9%
(289.000)
[57]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Parliament of Galicia.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls  Exit poll

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Preferred President

The table below lists opinion polling on leader preferences to become president of the Regional Government of Galicia.

Results

Overall

Summary of the 21 October 2012 Parliament of Galicia election results
GaliciaParliamentDiagram2012.svg
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes %±pp Total+/−
People's Party (PP)661,28145.80–0.8841+3
Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE)297,58420.61–10.4118–7
Galician Left Alternative (United LeftAnova) (AGE)1200,82813.91+12.949+9
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG)146,02710.11–5.907–5
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)21,3351.48+0.070±0
Blank Seats (EB)17,1411.19New0±0
Civil Society and Democracy (SCD)15,9901.11New0±0
Commitment to Galicia (CxG)214,5861.01–0.100±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)8,0410.56New0±0
Ourensan Democracy (DO)4,2450.29+0.230±0
Land Party (PT)3,1310.22New0±0
Communists of Galicia (PCPE–CdG)1,6640.12New0±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE)1,5560.11New0±0
Pirates of Galicia (Pirata.gal)1,5510.11New0±0
Liberal Democratic Centre (CDL)1,4550.10New0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)1,3520.09+0.050±0
Humanist Party (PH)1,3400.09+0.020±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J)1,3290.09–0.120±0
Corunnan Union (UC)1,1720.08New0±0
XXI Convergence (C.XXI)1,0720.07New0±0
Hartos.org (Hartos.org)8680.06New0±0
Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn)4890.03+0.010±0
Let us Give the Change (DeC)4320.03New0±0
Social Democratic Party of Law (SDD)4120.03+0.010±0
Centre Democratic Action of Galicia (ADCG)3600.02New0±0
Community Integration Party (PYC)1590.01New0±0
Blank ballots38,4482.66+1.00
Total1,443,84875±0
Valid votes1,443,84897.47–1.64
Invalid votes37,5312.53+1.64
Votes cast / turnout1,481,37954.91–9.52
Abstentions1,216,33845.09+9.52
Registered voters2,697,717
Sources [43] [58]
Footnotes:
Popular vote
PP
45.80%
PSdeG–PSOE
20.61%
AGE
13.91%
BNG
10.11%
UPyD
1.48%
EB
1.19%
SCD
1.11%
CxG
1.01%
Others
2.12%
Blank ballots
2.66%
Seats
PP
54.67%
PSdeG–PSOE
24.00%
AGE
12.00%
BNG
9.33%

Distribution by constituency

Constituency PP PSdeG AGE BNG
 %S %S %S %S
A Coruña 45.41318.8516.649.62
Lugo 51.5922.7410.318.71
Ourense 49.2823.747.818.51
Pontevedra 42.81120.8514.4311.93
Total45.84120.61813.9910.17
Sources [43] [58]

Aftermath

Investiture
Alberto Núñez Feijóo (PP)
Ballot →29 November 2012
Required majority →38 out of 75 Yes check.svg
Yes
  • PP (41)
41 / 75
No
34 / 75
Abstentions
0 / 75
Absentees
0 / 75
Sources [43]

Notes

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References

Opinion poll sources
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  6. "Los indecisos y el cambio de voto dejan plenamente abierto el resultado del 21-O". La Región (in Spanish). 15 October 2012. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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  9. 1 2 3 4 "El PP consolida la mayoría absoluta". La Razón (in Spanish). 15 October 2012. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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  11. "El PP amplía la ventaja hasta 41 escaños". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 13 October 2012.
  12. "Feijóo, a las puertas de lograr una histórica victoria a pesar de la crisis". El Mundo (in Spanish). 14 October 2012.
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