Berothidae

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Berothidae
Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Recent
Spermophorella sp.jpg
Spermophorella sp.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Neuroptera
Clade: Euneuroptera
Superfamily: Mantispoidea
Family: Berothidae
Handlirsch, 1906
Subfamilies
  • See text

The Berothidae are a family of winged insects of the order Neuroptera. They are known commonly as the beaded lacewings. [1] The family was first named by Anton Handlirsch in 1906. [2] The family consists of 24 genera and 110 living species distributed discontinuously worldwide, mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. [3] Numerous extinct species have also been described. Their ecology is poorly known, but in the species where larval stages have been documented, the larvae are predators of termites. [4]

Contents

Systematics

Typical posture in life Berothidae Bandipur.jpg
Typical posture in life

A considerable fossil diversity of beaded lacewings is known from the Late Jurassic onwards, containing numerous genera which are likewise basal or incertae sedis.

Subfamily Berothimerobiinae
Subfamily Berothinae
Subfamily Cyrenoberothinae [5]
Subfamily †Mesithoninae Panfilov, 1980
Subfamily Nosybinae
Subfamily Nyrminae
Subfamily Protobiellinae
Subfamily Trichomatinae
Subfamily Incertae sedis

Formerly included taxa

Subfamily Paraberothinae (now included in Rhachiberothidae)

References

  1. Winterton, Shaun L. (2010). "A new species of Stenobiella Tillyard (Neuroptera, Berothidae) from Australia". ZooKeys (64): 1–8. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.64.403 . PMC   3088400 . PMID   21594021.
  2. 1 2 Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia". The Canadian Entomologist. 136 (1): 61–76. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.552.2285 . doi:10.4039/n03-043. S2CID   36459014.
  3. Aspöck, Ulrike; Randolf, Susanne (2 December 2014). "Beaded lacewings – a pictorial identification key to the genera, their biogeographics and a phylogentic analysis (Insecta: Neuroptera: Berothidae)". Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 61 (2): 155–172. doi: 10.3897/dez.61.8850 via Pensoft.
  4. Engel, Michael S.; Winterton, Shaun L.; Breitkreuz, Laura C. V. (2018-01-07). "Phylogeny and Evolution of Neuropterida: Where Have Wings of Lace Taken Us?". Annual Review of Entomology. 63: 531–551. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043127. ISSN   1545-4487. PMID   29324039.
  5. 1 2 Machado, R. J. P.; Martins, C. C.; Aspöck, H.; De Miranda Tavares, L. G.; Aspöck, U. (2022). "The first cave associated genus of Berothidae (Insecta: Neuroptera), and a new interpretation of the subfamily Cyrenoberothinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 195 (4): 1422–1444. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab104.
  6. Huang, S.; Ren, D.; Wang, Y. (2019). "A new basal beaded lacewing (Neuroptera: Berothidae) from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber". Cretaceous Research. 95: 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2018.10.025 .