| Cyrilia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Apicomplexa |
| Class: | Conoidasida |
| Order: | Eucoccidiorida |
| Family: | Haemogregarinidae |
| Genus: | Cyrilia Lainson, 1981 |
| Species | |
Cyrilia gomesi Neiva & Pinto 1926 Contents | |
Cyrilia is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The genus was created by Lainson in 1981. Species in this genus infect fresh water fish and are transmitted by leeches.
The parasites are transmitted to the vertebrate host by the bite of a leech.
The parasite undergoes merogony and gametogony in the fish erythrocytes.
The mature gametocytes are ingested by a leech and undergo fusion, sygyny, sporogony and merogony in the leech.
Each zygote undergoes multiple divisions producing 16–32 sporozoites which are infective for vertebrate host.
Sporogony occurs in the intestinal wall of the leech.
Each of the microgametocytes produce four microgametes each capable of fertilizing a macrogamete.
Plasmodium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes that are obligate parasites of vertebrates and insects. The life cycles of Plasmodium species involve development in a blood-feeding insect host which then injects parasites into a vertebrate host during a blood meal. Parasites grow within a vertebrate body tissue before entering the bloodstream to infect red blood cells. The ensuing destruction of host red blood cells can result in malaria. During this infection, some parasites are picked up by a blood-feeding insect, continuing the life cycle.
The Plasmodiidae are a family of apicomplexan parasites, including the type genus Plasmodium, which is responsible for malaria. This family was erected in 1903 by Mesnil and is one of the four families in the order Haemospororida.
The gregarines are a group of Apicomplexan alveolates, classified as the Gregarinasina or Gregarinia. The large parasites inhabit the intestines of many invertebrates. They are not found in any vertebrates. Gregarines are closely related to both Toxoplasma and Plasmodium, which cause toxoplasmosis and malaria, respectively. Both protists use protein complexes similar to those that are formed by the gregarines for gliding motility and for invading target cells. This makes the gregarines excellent models for studying gliding motility, with the goal of developing treatment options for both toxoplasmosis and malaria. Thousands of different species of gregarine are expected to be found in insects, and 99% of these gregarine species still need to be described. Each insect species can be the host of multiple gregarine species. One of the most-studied gregarines is Gregarina garnhami. In general, gregarines are regarded as a very successful group of parasites, as their hosts are distributed over the entire planet.
A xenoma is a growth caused by various protists and fungi, most notably microsporidia. It can occur on numerous organisms; however is predominantly found on fish.
Plasmodium mexicanum is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Paraplasmodium.
Conoidasida is a class of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. The class was defined in 1988 by Levine and contains two subclasses – the coccidia and the gregarines. All members of this class have a complete, hollow, truncated conoid. Gregarines tend to parasitize invertebrates with the mature gamonts being extracellular; the coccidia mostly infect vertebrates and have intracellular gamonts.
Piroplasmida is an order of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa. They divide by binary fission and as sporozoan parasites they possess sexual and asexual phases. They include the tick parasites Babesia and Theileria.
Adeleorina is a suborder of parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa.
Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan organism is typified by a cellular variety with a distinct morphology and biochemistry.
Mesnilium is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexia. Its vertebrate hosts are fish. The vectors are not presently known but are thought likely to be leeches.
Achromatorida is an order of non-pigmented intraerythrocytic parasitic alveolates belonging to the subclass Haemosporidiasina. The order was created by Jacques Euzéby in 1988.
Dactylosoma is a genus of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexa.
Anthemosoma is a genus of parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa. There is only one species recognised in this genus - a parasite of mammals.
Hemolivia is a genus of the phylum Apicomplexia.
Epieimeria is a genus of parasitic alveaolates of the phylum Apicomplexa.
Klossiella is a genus of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this genus infect the renal tract of mammals and intestinal tract of snakes.
The Neogregarinorida are an order of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. Species in this order infect insects and are usually found in the fat body, hemolymph, hypodermis, intestine or Malpighian tubules. The most common site of infection is the fat body: many species are pathogenic for their hosts.
Margolisiella is a genus of parasitic alveolates belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa.
Pfeifferinella is a genus of parasitic alveolates in the phylum Apicomplexa. This genus has been poorly studied and little is known about it. Species in this genus infect marine priapulid worms and terrestrial and freshwater gastropods.
Plasmodium delichoni is a parasite of the genus Plasmodium subgenus Novyella.
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