Dungeon Keeper

Last updated

Dungeon Keeper
Dungkeep.jpg
North American box art
Developer(s) Bullfrog Productions
Publisher(s) Electronic Arts
Producer(s) Peter Molyneux
Designer(s) Peter Molyneux
Mark Healey
Programmer(s) Simon Carter
Artist(s) Mark Healey
Composer(s) Russell Shaw
Series Dungeon Keeper
Platform(s) MS-DOS, Windows 95
Release26 June 1997 [1]
Genre(s) Real-time strategy, god game, dungeon management game
Mode(s) Single-player, multiplayer

Dungeon Keeper is a strategy video game developed by Bullfrog Productions and released by Electronic Arts in June 1997 for MS-DOS and Windows 95. In Dungeon Keeper, the player builds and manages a dungeon, protecting it from invading 'hero' characters intent on stealing accumulated treasures, killing monsters and ultimately the player's demise. The ultimate goal is to conquer the world by destroying the heroic forces and rival dungeon keepers in each realm. A character known as the Avatar (resembling the Avatar from Ultima VIII: Pagan ) appears as the final hero. Dungeon Keeper uses Creative Technology's SoundFont technology to enhance its atmosphere. Multiplayer with up to four players is supported using a modem, or over a local network.

Contents

Dungeon Keeper took over two years to develop, and an expansion pack, a Direct3D version, and a level editor were released. Midway through development, lead developer Peter Molyneux decided to leave Bullfrog when the game was complete, which was the motivation for its success. Versions for the Sega Saturn and Sony PlayStation were in development, but cancelled. The game received critical acclaim, with reviewers praising the uniqueness and depth. Dungeon Keeper was re-released on GOG.com in 2011, and on Origin in 2016. A fan-made mod, KeeperFX, was released, which fixes bugs and adds features. Dungeon Keeper was followed by a sequel, Dungeon Keeper 2 , in 1999, and influenced games such as Lego Rock Raiders and Ghost Master .

Gameplay

Navigating the built-up dungeon with the Hand of Evil Dungeon Keeper ScrShot.jpg
Navigating the built-up dungeon with the Hand of Evil

The player constructs and manages a dungeon, recruiting and catering for minions to run it and defend it from enemy invaders. [2] [3] The primary method of control is the hand, used to pick up creatures and objects in the dungeon, carry them around, and drop them. The hand allows the player to 'slap' creatures and objects, and interact with them. [4] Dungeon Keeper's gameplay exemplifies a dark sense of humour. [5]

The Dungeon Heart represents the Keeper's link to the world. If it is destroyed, the player loses. [6] Along with the heart, the player begins with a small number of imps, the generic work force for dungeon activities: they dig tunnels into the surrounding soil, capture enemy rooms and Portals, mine gold and gems, and set traps. Imps are obtained by using the Create Imp spell. [7] Slapping creatures forces them to work faster temporarily, but removes some of their health. [8] Gold is obtained primarily by digging Gold Seams, and Gem Seams provide an unlimited supply, though take longer to accumulate. Gold is used to build rooms, cast spells, and train creatures. [2] [9] [10] To order the imps to dig a tile, the player need flag the tile. [11] Throughout the game, a "mentor" will advise the player as to various happenings and problems within the dungeon, as a sinister voiceover. [12]

Once the Imps are working, the player must then set up a basic infrastructure: Lairs for monsters, a Hatchery (where chickens, which serve as food, are grown), and a Treasury. After connecting the dungeon to a 'Portal', minions will arrive. Minions include dragons, warlocks, and the horned reaper, as well as undead creatures such as vampires and skeletons. [2] As the game progresses, the player moves along a technology tree, unlocking further rooms and spells. [9] Rooms can only be built on tiles belonging to the player. [11] The player is red and the tiles are coloured accordingly. Other keepers have different colours, and the heroes are white. Unaligned creatures and rooms are multicoloured. [13] The player can build traps and doors, created in the workshop. Traps include lightning and boulder traps, the latter instantly killing creatures it comes into contact with. As with rooms, they can only be built on tiles that belong to the player. Traps are not built instantly; Imps need to place them on the blueprint. [9] [14] The Temple is a room where creatures are made happy, and the player can sacrifice creatures to the dark gods. The gods may reward or punish the player, or be indifferent depending on the sacrifice. [2] [6]

The dungeon has a fleshed-out ecology: certain creatures are natural enemies. For example, Flies and Spiders are often found at odds with one another. [9] Common behaviours when a creature is angry include vandalising the dungeon and deserting the player. [9] The creatures are varied in their statistics; some excel at certain tasks, and others refuse to perform certain tasks. Which creatures enter the dungeon depends on which rooms the player has and how large they are; most creatures have prerequisites for entering service. [9] Creatures require paying regularly, and when 'Payday' comes, will head for the Treasure room to collect their wages. [15] Other ways to obtain creatures include imprisoning and torturing them, 'scavenging' (persuaded to defect to the player) from enemy keepers, and performing certain sacrifices at the Temple. [6] [9] Creatures entering via the Portal are at the lowest experience level, and must gain experience, usually by training in the training room. Training creatures increases their attributes (such as hit points) and abilities (such as which spells they can cast). [9] Such spells include lightning bolts, rebounding projectiles, and increasing armour. [9] [16] Creatures will frequently enter combat with heroes or creatures belonging to another keeper. Each creature has a star of the colour of the keeper it belongs to above it, displaying its experience level. The star is a health meter; as a creature takes damage, the spikes turn black. [17] The player has the ability to possess a creature, seeing the dungeon from its first-person perspective and using its attacks and abilities. This is one of the spells; others include speeding creatures up, and healing them. [9] [18]

A world map is available and, at the beginning, the player is allocated one of the twenty regions of a fictional, idyllic country to destroy. As the player progresses through these regions, each representing a level, the areas previously conquered will appear ransacked, twisted, and evil. [2] The goals for each level are straightforward: they generally fall along the lines of eliminating the heroic force or destroying all other Dungeon Keepers. [9] The first few levels are tutorials, teaching the player the basics. [2] Special items are hidden throughout certain levels. Such items perform actions such as increasing the player's creatures' experience level, or revealing the map. They can reveal a hidden level, where the player must perform a specific task, and is rewarded upon completion. [9]

Heroes will appear at various points and times, sometimes accompanied by a tunneller dwarf, who, like imps, are able to dig. [19] The dungeon can be protected from being breached by having the imps fortify the walls. [11] Heroes include giants, wizards, and samurai warriors. [2] Most levels have a 'Lord of the Land', a heavily armoured knight, who must be defeated. [2] [20] In the final level, the Avatar (resembling the Avatar from Ultima VIII ), [2] [21] the most powerful hero, appears as the Lord of the Land, and is resurrected after being defeated. He must be defeated again when he reappears with a large army. [2] [9]

Multiplayer with up to four players is supported via a modem or over a local area network (LAN). [2] [22] The game features twenty multiplayer levels, [9] playable as single-player levels. [2]

Development

Dungeon Keeper was developed by Bullfrog Productions under Peter Molyneux, who wrote the game design, testbed, and the computer players and assistant. [9] In an interview, Molyneux explained that he came up with the ideas for Dungeon Keeper while sitting in a traffic jam, and become so engrossed in them that when the traffic had moved, he did not notice. [9] Bullfrog's chairman Les Edgar stated that the intention was to use the Dungeons & Dragons theme with "slightly weird Bullfrog humour". [23] Programmers Simon and Dene Carter also said Dungeon Keeper is a parody. [24] Dungeon Keeper is a simulation game because Molyneux viewed the villain's duty as a management exercise. [25]

Development began in November 1994 by the lead programmer, Simon Carter, and took two and a half years to develop. [9] The game used the engine for Magic Carpet , and the first version was merely scrolling around a map and entering third-person. [26] The engine was built by Glenn Corpes. [27] Molyneux then developed a 2D prototype containing features that made it into the final game. The prototype focused on constructing the dungeon, and included the Treasure room, Hatchery, Training room, and Dungeon Heart. The characters were designed by the artist, Mark Healey. [26]

The navigation system proved difficult to develop because computers of the time lacked power. Artificial intelligence was considered crucial, as the navigation and other aspects relied on it. According to co-designer Jonty Barnes, the team wanted the creatures complex without high computational costs. Healey came up with the idea of slapping creatures to make them work faster, and Barnes considered it a "great game decision". [26] A great deal of time was spent working on the user interface, and at one point the idea of having no interface was considered. [26] Carter stated that the team tried to make the sounds atmospheric and industrial so players got a sense of power. Using others' 3D sound routines proved troublesome, so he and his colleague Tony Cox wrote their own. [24] Dungeon Keeper uses lighting algorithms used in Magic Carpet, which provided effects such as fireballs lighting corridors. [28]

According to Molyneux, in May 1995 publisher Electronic Arts told him he had to ship Dungeon Keeper in six and a half weeks. Though he satisfied their demands by producing another game, Hi-Octane , in the required time frame, his relationship with the publisher was strained. [29]

Development on the level editor began in May 1995. The first-person view was developed in September 1995, and the creatures had shadows added, which was believed impossible at the time. [9] Around that time, Barnes left the project to complete a degree at the University of East Anglia, and returned in July 1996. [9] [26] In November 1995, Barrie Parker began writing levels, and developed content for the script language. [9] Bullfrog tried to get a version out for Christmas 1995: it was originally scheduled for release in November 1995, and Molyneux, until September, believed that it would be ready by Christmas. [9] [30] He explained that it was mostly complete, but wanted to make sure that it was "absolutely brilliant". [30] It was then the development team realised the game should focus on a living world created by the player. [9] A December 1995 PC Zone preview reported a feature that would have let the computer take control of the player's dungeon after logging out of an internet multiplayer game. [31]

In February 1996, Molyneux decided to focus on the project full-time. [9] According to Carter, the creatures were made from bitmaps, and there was around 90 megabytes of graphics data on screen as of April 1996. [32] In July 1996, Alex Peters joined the project and ported the game to Windows 95. Dungeon Keeper was shown at the European Computer Trade Show in September 1996, [9] and was scheduled for release in December. [30] It became evident that the deadline would be missed, and the release was pushed back to March 1997. [30] The final testing began in April 1997, and Dungeon Keeper was signed off in June. [9] Dungeon Keeper was released by Electronic Arts in June 1997 for Windows 95 and MS-DOS. [33] [34] Sega Saturn and Sony PlayStation versions were in development and due for release in 1997, [24] [35] but cancelled. [36] An internet version was in development, and would have supported up to 250 players. [37]

Carter wrote and organised 800,000 lines of code. [9] Richard Ridings provided voice-overs such as the overworld mentor. [12] [38] [39] [40] The music was composed by Russell Shaw and, according to Healey, this came late in development. [26] The prospect of working on Dungeon Keeper motivated artist and former Bullfrog employee Gary Carr to return from The Bitmap Brothers (he had left Bullfrog because of a disagreement with Molyneux on Theme Park ), [41] but he was assigned to Theme Hospital instead. [42] Healey produced 90 per cent of the graphics. [41] Most of the creatures were the team members' ideas, although Molyneux was involved with the Imps. [43] Healey designed the Horned Reaper (who is based on an ex-girlfriend of his), [44] who ultimately become the game's mascot. [43] According to Molyneux, each character takes 1024 bytes of memory. [28] The game as it ended up was developed mostly in the final few months: the team started again from scratch long into the development cycle because they felt it played like Command & Conquer . [45] Before the redesign, instead of having Imps dig the gold and minions entering through portals, the game had the player dig gold and use it and mana to create minions. [46] The redesign included the replacement of the 3D graphics engine with a 2D one and the rewriting of the user interface. [46]

Molyneux was impressed with the creature's navigation code: he stated that it is the largest piece of code, and that players could change the map repeatedly and creatures will still find routes to their destinations. [47] Molyneux also liked the fact that the game adapts to the player, enabling the choice of the preferred methods and strategies, [47] and stated that his favourite part of the game is how the player digs out rather than build up, meaning the player has heavy involvement in building the level. [43] He stated that he was proud of Dungeon Keeper's concept, but remarked that doing original things takes time. [46] He also liked that people were unable to describe Dungeon Keeper in any particular way. [9] Molyneux disliked the user interface, saying the team overdid the control panel, and commented that it was a reminder that the player was playing a video game. This was a key reason the user interface of his next video game, Black & White , did not feature panels, buttons, or icons. [48] Molyneux also disliked the lack of opponent personality, and some features being hidden too well, including (according to him) a cheat code that made the mistress creature naked. [49] In a 2000 Game Developers Conference demonstration of Black & White, he stated that it remained undiscovered. [49]

Dungeon Keeper was Molyneux's final project with Bullfrog before he left in July 1997 to form Lionhead Studios, [50] and after completion, he stated that he wanted to make "the coolest game ever". [9] Molyneux decided to leave Bullfrog in July 1996 due to frustration over corporate meetings and other management responsibilities that ensued after it was sold to Electronic Arts in 1995. He intended to leave as soon as Dungeon Keeper was complete, [51] and his departure was one reason he wanted to make the game good. [9] As a result of Molyneux's decision, Electronic Arts asked him to leave its offices, but Molyneux wanted to continue development, so the team moved into his house. [26] Molyneux, Mark Webley, Tim Rance, and Steve Jackson made the decision to found Lionhead when Dungeon Keeper was nearing completion. [50] In 2017, Molyneux expressed regret at leaving Bullfrog, and explained that he was drunk when he handed his notice in, and that it was "such a silly thing to do". [52] A sequel, Dungeon Keeper 2 was released in 1999, [53] and the series was rebooted by Mythic Entertainment with the release of a remake (also titled Dungeon Keeper ) for iOS and Android on 30 January 2014. [54]

SoundFont support

The game uses SoundFonts to provide additional ambient sound effects. A Sound Blaster AWE32 or AWE64 is required to use this feature. [55] The player can load a SoundFont and use it for ambient sound effects. Customised SoundFonts can be created to personalise the dungeon. [56] The game features three SoundFonts, one of which is loaded at game startup, [56] and Creative offered sample Dungeon Keeper SoundFonts for download. [57]

Expansions

An expansion pack, The Deeper Dungeons, was released on 26 November 1997. [58] It features fifteen new levels each for single player and multiplayer, and an improved artificial intelligence for the enemies. [59] The Avatar also reappears in the final level. [2] A Direct3D version, which brought improved graphics and 3D acceleration support, and a level editor were released for the game. [59]

KeeperFX, an abbreviation of "Fan eXpansion" was released in 2010, and has been regularly updated since. This mod increases compatibility with later versions of Windows, fixes bugs, and adds features such as TCP/IP multiplayer support and higher screen resolution options. [60] [61] [62]

Re-releases

The game was re-released in 1998 as Dungeon Keeper Gold Edition, which included the Deeper Dungeons expansion as well as a Dungeon Keeper-based desktop theme. [63] In Japan, a similar edition was released as Dungeon Keeper Premium, [lower-alpha 1] under the EA Best Selection brand. [64] This version included the content from the Gold release, as well as both Japanese and English text and audio options. [64]

The Gold version was re-released into digital distribution on GOG.com in June 2011. [65] GOG.com launched a macOS version in October 2012. [66] The game was available there free of charge for a few days in February 2014. [67] In October 2016, Dungeon Keeper was released free of charge on Origin, [68] via its "On The House" programme. [69]

Reception

Dungeon Keeper received critical acclaim. The gameplay and uniqueness were its most heavily complimented aspects. Chris Lombardi of Computer Gaming World praised the multiplayer mode, saying that it "promises to be extraordinarily rich and subtle". His conclusion was that Dungeon Keeper is "The most unique game in years; stylish, multifaceted, and as deep as the pits of hell". [22] Game Revolution 's reviewer agreed with Lombardi by believing that "Dungeon Keeper is a revolutionary, terrific game", and also complimented the "terrific" graphics and the "nearly as impressive" sound. [72] Rob Smith of GamePro argued that the multiplayer gameplay wasn't really a radical departure from other real-time strategy games, but the "bad guy" role and particular sense of humour make it stand-out. He added that the game benefits from strong music, sound effects, and overall depth. [80] Gamezilla's Chris McDonald called the game a "classic" and concluded, "Any real-time gamer with a yearning for the dungeon life and the nerve to slaughter an army of Monks, Fairies and Lords will be pleasantly surprised with Dungeon Keeper". [78] PC Gamer UK's James Flynn praised Bullfrog's attention to detail, calling it "amazing", and reiterated others' views by describing Dungeon Keeper as "A stunning achievement". [76]

In a 2001 review, PC Zone , like Gamezilla, called the game "classic", but also criticised its "repetitive" gameplay. [77] Trent Ward of GameSpot remarked "It's a rich strategy game that is both intuitive and challenging, both innovative and polished", and felt the game was "among the best games released so far this year". [73] Gamezilla and PC Zone's beliefs were echoed by a reviewer of Edge , who described the game as a "masterpiece". [71] Another reviewer who agreed was from Computer and Video Games . He described Dungeon Keeper as "totally awesome!", and praised the flexibility and detail. [33] A reviewer of Jeuxvideo.com commended the replayability and sound effects. [74] Robert Mayer of Computer Games Strategy Plus complimented the humour, sound, and the 3D view, and liked the elements working together, but criticised the artificial intelligence. [34] Next Generation 's reviewer lauded the sense of humour, describing it as typical of Bullfrog, the "dark and edgy" soundtrack, further saying it mixes mediaeval themes with guitar sounds, and the gameplay's addictiveness. The only criticism was the "occasionally weak" artificial intelligence. [75] Reviewers from the French magazine Génération 4 were highly complimentary: one reviewer commented that Dungeon Keeper is in-between Warcraft and Theme Park due to its creature management and real-time combat, and also believed that it is hard to leave a level after winning. [79] Another reviewer described Dungeon Keeper as "The game of the year!". [79] The magazine also listed Dungeon Keeper as their top PC CD game of summer 1997. [81]

Dungeon Keeper was a finalist in the Software Publishers Association's 13th Annual Excellence in Software Awards Best of 1997 Codie awards for Best Strategy Software Game. [82] In 1997, Dungeon Keeper appeared #4 on PC Gamer's list of top 100 games, [83] and, in June, was named as their Game Of The Month. [76] In June 2014, The Guardian listed Dungeon Keeper as one of Britain's 30 greatest video games. [84]

At the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences' inaugural Interactive Achievement Awards (now known as the D.I.C.E. Awards), Dungeon Keeper won "PC Role-Playing Game of the Year" and was nominated for "Computer Entertainment Title of the Year" and "Outstanding Achievement in Interactive Design". [85] [86]

Sales

During 1997, Dungeon Keeper sold 113,407 copies in the United States alone. [87] It received a "Gold" award from the Verband der Unterhaltungssoftware Deutschland (VUD) in August 1998, [88] for sales of at least 100,000 units across Germany, Austria and Switzerland. [89] The game's global sales reached 700,000 copies by 2003. Molyneux considered it a "missed opportunity" in comparison to his earlier games such as Theme Park , which sold millions of units. [90]

Impact and legacy

Many reviews of video games that have similar elements mention Dungeon Keeper as both an influence for the designers and a standard for comparison. These include:

Dungeon Keeper was referenced in Theme Hospital 's introduction scene twice: a doctor is briefly seen playing a console version, and the Horned Reaper makes a cameo appearance as a patient. [102] Early concept art for Black & White used Dungeon Keeper's Horned Reaper to represent creatures. [103] The Horned Reaper unit was so popular that the producers of Dungeon Keeper 2 made it a character with an important role in the game's story. [104] Dungeon Keeper's engine was an inspiration for Minecraft . [27]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lionhead Studios</span> British video game developer, 1997–2016

Lionhead Studios Limited was a British video game developer founded in July 1997 by Peter Molyneux, Mark Webley, Tim Rance, and Steve Jackson. The company is best known for the Black & White and Fable series. Lionhead started as a breakaway from developer Bullfrog Productions, which was also founded by Molyneux. Lionhead's first game was Black & White, a god game with elements of artificial life and strategy games. Black & White was published by Electronic Arts in 2001. Lionhead Studios is named after Webley's hamster, which died not long after the naming of the studio, as a result of which the studio was very briefly renamed to Redeye Studios.

<i>Populous</i> (video game) 1989 video game

Populous is a video game developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts, released originally for the Amiga in 1989, and is regarded by many as the first god game. With over four million copies sold, Populous is one of the best-selling PC games of all time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Molyneux</span> English video game designer and game programmer

Peter Douglas Molyneux is an English video game designer and programmer. He created the god games Populous, Dungeon Keeper, and Black & White, as well as Theme Park, the Fable series, Curiosity: What's Inside the Cube?, and Godus. He currently works at 22cans.

<i>Black & White</i> (video game) God video game

Black & White is a god video game developed by Lionhead Studios and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows in 2001 and by Feral Interactive in 2002 for Mac OS. Black & White combines elements of artificial life and strategy. The player acts as a god whose goal is to defeat Nemesis, another god who wants to take over the world. A primary theme is the concept of good and evil, with the atmosphere being affected by the player's moral choices. The core gameplay mechanic of Black & White is the interaction between the player and an avatar creature, who carries out the player's instructions and whose personality and behaviour change in reaction to how they are treated. Multiplayer is supported over a local network or online.

Syndicate is a series of science fiction video games created by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts. There are two main titles: Syndicate (1993) and Syndicate Wars (1996), both of which are isometric real-time tactics games. An additional first-person shooter Syndicate title was released in 2012, and a spiritual successor to the series, entitled Satellite Reign, was released in 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bullfrog Productions</span> British video game developer

Bullfrog Productions Limited was a British video game developer based in Guildford, England. Founded in 1987 by Peter Molyneux and Les Edgar, the company gained recognition in 1989 for their third release, Populous, and is also well known for titles such as Theme Park, Theme Hospital, Magic Carpet, Syndicate and Dungeon Keeper. Bullfrog's name was derived from an ornament in the offices of Edgar's and Molyneux's other enterprise, Taurus Impact Systems, Bullfrog's precursor where Molyneux and Edgar were developing business software. Bullfrog Productions was founded as a separate entity after Commodore mistook Taurus for a similarly named company.

<i>Theme Park</i> (video game) 1994 video game

Theme Park is a construction and management simulation video game developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts in 1994. The player designs and operates an amusement park, with the goal of making money and creating theme parks worldwide. The game is the first instalment in Bullfrog's Theme series and their Designer Series.

<i>Dungeon Keeper 2</i> 1999 video game

Dungeon Keeper 2 is a strategy game developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts in 1999 for Microsoft Windows. The sequel to Dungeon Keeper, the player takes the role of a 'dungeon keeper', building and defending an underground dungeon from the would-be heroes that invade it, as well as from other keepers. In the campaign mode, the player is charged with recovering the portal gems from each area in order to open a portal to the surface. The player can also construct a dungeon without strict objectives, and multiplayer is supported over a network.

<i>Theme Hospital</i> 1997 video game

Theme Hospital is a business simulation game developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts in 1997 for MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows compatible PCs in which players design and operate a privately owned hospital with the goal of curing patients of fictitious comical ailments. The game is the thematic successor to Theme Park, also produced by Bullfrog, and the second instalment in their Theme series, and part of their Designer Series. The game is noted for its humour, and contains numerous references to pop culture.

<i>Populous: The Beginning</i> 1998 video game

Populous: The Beginning is a real-time strategy video game and the third entry in the Populous series, developed by Bullfrog Productions. The game was released in 1998 on Microsoft Windows, and in 1999 for the PlayStation. Unlike earlier games in the series, which cast the player in the role of a god influencing loyal followers, The Beginning took a radical departure and placed the player in the role of a shaman, who directly leads her tribe against opponents. Throughout the twenty-five missions of the campaign, the player leads their tribe across a solar system, dominating enemy tribes and tapping new sources of magic, with the ultimate goal of the shaman attaining godhood herself.

<i>Hi-Octane</i> 1995 video game

Hi-Octane is a vehicular combat and racing video game published in 1995 for MS-DOS compatible operating systems, PlayStation, and Sega Saturn. It was developed by Bullfrog Productions based upon their earlier Magic Carpet game code.

<i>Theme Park World</i> 1999 video game

Theme Park World, also known as Theme Park 2, and in North America as Sim Theme Park, is a 1999 construction and management simulation game developed by Bullfrog Productions and released by Electronic Arts. The direct sequel to Theme Park, the player constructs and manages an amusement park with the aim of making profit and keeping visitors happy. Initially developed for Windows, it was ported to PlayStation and PlayStation 2, as well for Macintosh computers. The Mac version was published by Feral Interactive.

Dungeon Keeper is a series of strategy video games released by Electronic Arts. Two games were developed by Bullfrog Productions for the PC in the late 1990s, and a third was in development but was cancelled before release. A Chinese MMO was in development from 2008–2013 and achieved open beta release, but was cancelled before full launch. A free-to-play game for Android and iOS was developed by Mythic Entertainment and released in 2013.

<i>Creation</i> (video game) 1997 video game

Creation was a cancelled real-time strategy video game developed by Bullfrog Productions as a spin-off of their Syndicate series of real-time tactics games. Set on an alien water world, a player-controlled submarine is tasked with looking after marine life and defending it from the Syndicate, who run planet Earth.

Gary Carr is an English video game developer. His career began at Palace Software, where he worked on titles such as Barbarian: The Ultimate Warrior and Barbarian II: The Dungeon of Drax. In 1989, he joined Bullfrog Productions and worked as lead artist on Powermonger and Populous II. He also worked on Theme Park, but, after a disagreement with Peter Molyneux, he left the company to work for The Bitmap Brothers, where he worked on The Chaos Engine 2. He returned to Bullfrog in 1995 hoping to work on Dungeon Keeper, but worked on Theme Hospital instead. He left Bullfrog again in 1998 to join Mucky Foot Productions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Les Edgar</span>

Les Edgar is an entrepreneur, known for being the co-founder and joint managing director of Bullfrog Productions, which he set up with Peter Molyneux. After Bullfrog's acquisition by Electronic Arts in 1995, Edgar became a vice president there. Edgar left Bullfrog in 1999, and eventually left the video gaming industry for the automotive industry, where he reintroduced Aston Martin to racing, and became chairman of TVR, which has, under his leadership, set up partnerships with Gordon Murray and Cosworth. Edgar has stated that he intends to return TVR to Le Mans 24 Hours.

Mark Webley is a British video game developer, known for working with developers such as Peter Molyneux and Gary Carr for Bullfrog Productions and later Lionhead Studios on projects including Theme Hospital and Black & White. In 2012, he took over as head of Lionhead after Molyneux left, and in 2016, he founded a studio called Two Point Studios with Carr, which has signed a publishing deal with Sega.

Glenn Corpes is an independent video game developer. He is best known for his work at Bullfrog Productions on titles including Populous, Magic Carpet, and Dungeon Keeper. He left Bullfrog in 1999 to form Lost Toys, which developed two games including Battle Engine Aquila. He has since focused on mobile game development and has created Ground Effect for iOS and Topia World Builder for iOS and Android. His latest projects are Fat Owl With A JetPack, and powARdup. His work has influenced games such as Minecraft.

The Indestructibles is an unreleased arcade strategy video game developed by Bullfrog Productions. The game would have had players control a superhero or a team of superheroes to do battle with super villains.

References

  1. ↑ Lee, Helen (26 June 1997). "Dungeon Keeper Ships". GameSpot . Archived from the original on 28 January 1999. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Dungeon Keeper Premium Guide Book. Electronic Arts. 1997. pp. 2–14, 22–24, 37–44, 46, 86–87, 94, 120.
  3. ↑ Rick Lane (14 February 2016). "Remember when Dungeon Keeper was good?". Eurogamer. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  4. ↑ Manual, pp. 10–24,47,48.
  5. ↑ "Cheap As Chips: Dungeon Keeper". Retro Gamer . No. 104. Bournemouth: Imagine Publishing. p. 30. ISSN   1742-3155.
  6. 1 2 3 Meer, Alec (7 August 2010). "Why Dungeon Keeper has never been beaten". PC Gamer. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  7. ↑ Manual, pp. 17,23,24,53.
  8. ↑ Manual, p. 48.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Dungeon Keeper Official Guide Book. Electronic Arts. 1997. pp. 13, 20, 32–34, 37, 42–89, 92, 94–95, 116–117, 119–124, 129–133, 138–139, 144–232, 234–249, 252–254, 259, 264.
  10. ↑ Manual, pp. 26,33.
  11. 1 2 3 Manual, p. 25.
  12. 1 2 Alec Meer (7 January 2013). "War For The Overworld Recruits Dungeon Keeper's Voice". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
  13. ↑ Manual, pp. 10,25,66.
  14. ↑ Manual, pp. 25,34,43,44.
  15. ↑ Manual, p. 12.
  16. ↑ Manual, pp. 33,58.
  17. ↑ Manual, pp. 65,66.
  18. ↑ Manual, p. 63.
  19. ↑ Manual, pp. 29,66.
  20. ↑ Manual, p. 6.
  21. ↑ "The best releases of the last two months...". PC Gamer . Vol. 1, no. 7. Bath: Future plc. June 1994. p. 25. ISSN   1470-1693.
  22. 1 2 3 Lombardi, Chris (October 1997). "Dungeon Keeper: it Brings Bad Things to Life" (PDF). Computer Gaming World. No. 159. p. 261. ISSN   0744-6667 . Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  23. ↑ "An Audience With Les Edgar". Audience. Edge. No. 74. Bath: Future plc. August 1999. pp. 120–125. ISSN   1350-1593.
  24. 1 2 3 "Elf Destruction". Bullfrog Bulletin. No. 2. Guildford: Bullfrog Productions. 1995. pp. 4–6.
  25. ↑ "Behind The Scenes Dungeon Keeper". GamesTM . No. 80. Imagine Publishing. pp. 134–137. ISSN   1478-5889.
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "The Making Of: Dungeon Keeper". Retro Gamer . No. 143. Bournemouth: Imagine Publishing. pp. 64–69. ISSN   1742-3155.
  27. 1 2 "In The Chair With Glenn Corpes". Retro Gamer . No. 160. Bournemouth: Imagine Publishing. October 2016. pp. 92–97. ISSN   1742-3155.
  28. 1 2 "Bullfrog". Edge. No. 22. Bath: Future plc. July 1995. pp. 25–27. ISSN   1350-1593.
  29. ↑ "Molyneux Returns to EA". Next Generation . No. 34. Imagine Media. October 1997. p. 23.
  30. 1 2 3 4 Simon Carter (August 1996). "Dungeon Keeper Full Preview". Archived from the original on 23 March 2003. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  31. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper". Blueprint. PC Zone . No. 33. London: Dennis Publishing. December 1995. pp. 28–30. ISSN   0967-8220.
  32. ↑ "Bullfrog". Prescreen. Edge. No. 31. Bath: Future plc. April 1996. pp. 42–45. ISSN   1350-1593.
  33. 1 2 3 "Dungeon Keeper". Computer and Video Games. No. 188. Peterborough: EMAP. July 1997. pp. 70–73. ISSN   0261-3697.
  34. 1 2 3 Robert Mayer (1997). "Dungeon Keeper". Computer Games Strategy Plus. Computer Games Strategy Plus. Archived from the original on 10 July 2003. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  35. ↑ "Killer Bullfrogs Launch Game". News. Mean Machines Sega. No. 36. Peterborough: EMAP. October 1995. p. 12. ISSN   0967-9014 . Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  36. ↑ Leadbetter, Rich (May 1997). "Q&A". Sega Saturn Magazine . No. 19. Emap International Limited. p. 38.
  37. ↑ "Online Games to watch for". Next Generation . Vol. 3, no. 27. Imagine Media. p. 39. ISSN   1078-9693.
  38. ↑ Manual, p. 75.
  39. ↑ Dungeon Keeper Interview: Richard Ridings. EA Mobile Games. 5 February 2014. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2015– via Youtube.
  40. ↑ Julian Benson (6 January 2013). "War for the Overworld to be narrated by Richard Ridings, the voice of the mentor from Dungeon Keeper". PCGamesN. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
  41. 1 2 "Revisiting Bullfrog: 25 Years On". Retro Gamer . No. 110. Bournemouth: Imagine Publishing. December 2012. pp. 60–67. ISSN   1742-3155.
  42. ↑ "The Making of Theme Hospital". Retro Gamer . No. 130. Bournemouth: Imagine Publishing. June 2014. pp. 46–51. ISSN   1742-3155.
  43. 1 2 3 "The Making of Dungeon Keeper". NowGamer. 17 April 2009. Archived from the original on 17 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
  44. ↑ "Bullfrog Productions: A History Of The Legendary UK Developer". NowGamer. 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  45. ↑ Ron Dulin. "GameSpot Presents Legends Of Game Design: Peter Molyneux". GameSpot. GameSpot. pp. 11, 12. Archived from the original on 1 September 2003. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  46. 1 2 3 "Born-Again Keeper". Bullfrog Bulletin. No. 4. Guildford: Bullfrog Productions. 1997. pp. 8, 9.
  47. 1 2 "Welcome to the House of Molyneux". PC Gamer UK. No. 44. Future Publishing. June 1997. pp. 74, 75. ISSN   1470-1693.
  48. ↑ Molyneux, Peter (13 June 2001). "Postmortem: Lionhead Studios' Black & White". Gamasutra. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  49. 1 2 Peter Molyneux Explains the Design of Black and White. Game Developers Conference. 3 August 2017. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2017– via YouTube.
  50. 1 2 "In The Chair With Peter Molyneux". Retro Gamer . No. 71. Bournemouth: Imagine Publishing. pp. 82–89. ISSN   1742-3155.
  51. ↑ "An Audience With Peter Molyneux". audience. Edge. No. 47. Bath: Future plc. July 1997. pp. 22–27. ISSN   1350-1593.
  52. ↑ Alex Osborn (4 April 2017). "Peter Molyneux Departed Bullfrog Over a Drunken Email". IGN. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
  53. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper II – PC". IGN. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  54. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper Out Now On Android And iOS". Retro Gamer . 30 January 2014. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  55. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper Soundfont Technology In Action". Creative Technology. Archived from the original on 9 October 1997. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  56. 1 2 "How to Create a Dungeon Keeper Soundfont Bank". Creative Technology. Archived from the original on 9 October 1997. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  57. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper Download a Soundfont Bank". Creative Technology. Archived from the original on 9 October 1997. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  58. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper Peeper". GameSpot.com. Archived from the original on 10 June 2000. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
  59. 1 2 Jason Ocampo (1997). "Delve deeper into Dungeon Keeper". Computer Games Strategy Plus. Computer Games Strategy Plus. Archived from the original on 23 May 2003. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  60. ↑ Meer, Alec (28 September 2010). "A Deeper Dungeon: Dungeon KeeperFX". Rock Paper Shotgun. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  61. ↑ "KeeperFX Readme file". DK Maps'n'Tools Base. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  62. ↑ Jeremy Peel (29 May 2014). "GOG make Bullfrog's Dungeon Keeper free to play, after a fashion". PCGamesN. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
  63. ↑ Jason Ocampo (27 April 1998). "Dungeon Keeper Gold Edition". Computer Games Strategy Plus. Computer Games Strategy Plus. Archived from the original on 10 July 2003. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  64. 1 2 "Dungeon Keeper". Electronic Arts Japan (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 20 February 1999. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  65. ↑ Walker, John (3 June 2011). "Good Old Games Add Good Old EA Games". Rock, Paper, Shotgun . Retrieved 19 December 2015.
  66. ↑ Michael McWhertor (18 October 2012). "GOG.com launches Mac OS X support for new and classic games today". Polygon. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  67. ↑ Grayson, Nathan (15 February 2014). "Apologies With A Capital EA: Dungeon Keeper Free On GOG". Rock Paper Shotgun. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
  68. ↑ Adam Smith (7 October 2016). "Keep Forever: Dungeon Keeper Is Free Right Now". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  69. ↑ "Original Dungeon Keeper now free on Origin". Complete Game Reviews. 7 October 2016. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  70. ↑ "Dungeon Keeper for PC". GameRankings . CBS Interactive . Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  71. 1 2 "Dungeon Keeper". Testscreen. Edge. No. 46. Bath: Future plc. June 1997. pp. 82, 83. ISSN   1350-1593.
  72. 1 2 "Dungeon Keeper review". Game Revolution. 7 May 1997. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  73. 1 2 Ward, Trent (9 July 1997). "Dungeon Keeper Review for PC". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 6 December 2003. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  74. 1 2 "Test : Dungeon Keeper". Jeuxvideo.com (in French). 1 September 2009. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  75. 1 2 "Dungeon Keeper". Next Generation . Vol. 3, no. 33. Imagine Media. September 1997. p. 140. ISSN   1078-9693.
  76. 1 2 3 Flynn, James (June 1997). "Dungeon Keeper". PC Gamer . No. 44. Bath: Future plc. pp. 70–73. ISSN   1470-1693.
  77. 1 2 "PC Review: Dungeon Keeper". Computer and Video Games. 13 August 2001. Archived from the original on 14 July 2007. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  78. 1 2 McDonald, Chris. "Dungeon Keeper by Bullfrog". Gamezilla. Archived from the original on 8 February 2002. Retrieved 13 May 2016.
  79. 1 2 3 "Dungeon Keeper". Génération 4 (in French). No. 100. June 1997. pp. 160–168. ISSN   1624-1088.
  80. ↑ Smith, Rob (September 1997). "PC GamePro Review: Dungeon Keeper". GamePro . No. 108. IDG. p. 68.
  81. ↑ "Le top de l'été 1997" [The top of summer 1997]. Génération 4 (in French). No. 101. July 1997. pp. 40, 41. ISSN   1624-1088.
  82. ↑ "Software Industry Unites in Celebration for 1998 Codie awards". SuperKids. Software Publishers Association. 23 March 1998. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  83. ↑ "The PC Gamer Top 100". PC Gamer . No. 45. Bath: Future plc. July 1997. p. 73. ISSN   1470-1693.
  84. ↑ Simon Parkin; Rich Stanton; Keith Stuart (3 June 2014). "The 30 greatest British video games". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 July 2017.
  85. ↑ "The Award - Updates". Interactive.org. Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on 15 June 1998. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  86. ↑ "The Award - Winners". Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on 15 June 1998. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  87. ↑ Staff (April 1998). "How Did the PCG Award Winners Fare?". PC Gamer US . Vol. 5, no. 4. p. 45.
  88. ↑ "Uhr TCM Hannover – ein glänzender Event auf der CebitHome" (Press release) (in German). Verband der Unterhaltungssoftware Deutschland. 26 August 1998. Archived from the original on 13 July 2000. Retrieved 30 July 2019.
  89. ↑ Horn, Andre (14 January 2004). "VUD-Gold-Awards 2003". GamePro Germany (in German). Archived from the original on 18 July 2018.
  90. ↑ Adams, Ernest; Rollings, Andrew (2003). Andrew Rollings and Ernest Adams on Game Design. New Riders Publishing. pp. 184, 185. ISBN   1-59273-001-9.
  91. ↑ "Lego Rock Raiders". The Next Level. 2000. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  92. ↑ Ron Dulin (19 June 2001). "Startopia Review". GameSpot. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  93. ↑ Dan Adams (28 September 2004). "Evil Genius Review". IGN. Archived from the original on 21 March 2011. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  94. ↑ Ectal Greenhaw (14 November 2003). "Ghost Master review" (PDF). Inside Mac Games. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  95. 1 2 "Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman! is the Dungeon Keeper of this Decade". Asian Girl Gamer. 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 5 January 2010. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  96. ↑ Mark Walton (7 February 2011). "Dungeons Review". GameSpot. GameSpot . Retrieved 25 February 2017. Dungeons' mind-numbing, repetitive gameplay never reaches the greatness of Dungeon Keeper, its classic inspiration.
  97. ↑ Adam Tingle (16 January 2012). "Dungeon Overlord Review: If You Loved Dungeon Keeper..." MMORPG.com. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  98. ↑ Fraser Brown (2 February 2013). "Impire is Dungeon Keeper with a side of Dawn of War". Destructoid. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  99. ↑ Jeremy Parish (1 June 2013). "The Mighty Quest for Epic Loot: A Competitive Dungeon Crawler That Hates Archers". USGamer. Archived from the original on 8 October 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  100. ↑ "Update #11: Kickstarter Demo Release, New Video". War for the Overworld. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  101. ↑ Hayden Dingman (24 April 2015). "Dungeons 2". PC World. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
  102. ↑ Bullfrog (1997). Theme Hospital (PC). Electronic Arts. Scene: Intro.
  103. ↑ James Leach; Christian Bravery (2001). The Making Of Black & White. Roseville, Calif.: Prima Games. p. 16. ISBN   978-0-7615-3625-3.
  104. ↑ "Lock up your daughters, here comes ... Dungeon Keeper 2". PC Zone . No. 77. London: Dennis Publishing. June 1999. pp. 44–49. ISSN   0967-8220.

Sources

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Dungeon Keeper Premium (ダンジョンキーパープレミアム)
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.