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A privateer is a private person or vessel which engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or delegated authority issued commissions, also referred to as letters of marque, during wartime. The commission empowered the holder to carry on all forms of hostility permissible at sea by the usages of war. This included attacking foreign vessels and taking them as prizes and taking crews prisoner for exchange. Captured ships were subject to condemnation and sale under prize law, with the proceeds divided by percentage between the privateer's sponsors, shipowners, captains and crew. A percentage share usually went to the issuer of the commission.
Thomas Tew, also known as the Rhode Island Pirate, was a 17th-century English privateer-turned-pirate. He embarked on two major pirate voyages and met a bloody death on the second, and he pioneered the route which became known as the Pirate Round. Other infamous pirates in his path included Henry Avery and William Kidd.
This timeline of the history of piracy in the 1680s is a chronological list of key events involving pirates between 1680 and 1689.
Thomas Anstis was an early 18th-century pirate, who served under Captain Howell Davis and Captain Bartholomew Roberts, before setting up on his own account, raiding shipping on the eastern coast of the American colonies and in the Caribbean during what is often referred to as the "Golden Age of Piracy".
Henry Jennings was an English privateer-turned-pirate. Jennings' first recorded act of piracy took place in early 1716 when, with three vessels and 150–300 men, Jennings' fleet ambushed the Spanish salvage camp from the 1715 Treasure Fleet. After the Florida raid, Jennings and his crew also linked up with Benjamin Hornigold's "three sets of pirates" from New Providence Island.
John Evans was a Welsh pirate who had a short but successful career in the Caribbean.
Edward Davis or Davies was an English buccaneer active in the Caribbean during the 1680s and would lead successful raids against Leon and Panama in 1685, the latter considered one of the last major buccaneer raids against a Spanish stronghold. Much of his career was later recorded by writer William Dampier in A New Voyage Round the World (1697).
Richard Want was a pirate active in the Indian Ocean. He is best known for sailing alongside Thomas Tew and Henry Avery.
William Mayes was a pirate active in the Indian Ocean. He was best known for taking over William Kidd’s ship Blessed William and sailing with Henry Avery. William Mayes is american, specifically from Rhode Island. Mayes was one of the original founders of Libertalia. A civil war came about and William was poisoned by Henry Avery and Thomas Tew.
George Raynor (1665–1743) was a pirate and privateer active in the Red Sea. As a pirate he captained the Batchelor’s Delight .
Christopher Goffe was a pirate and privateer active in the Red Sea and the Caribbean. He was eventually trusted to hunt down his former comrades.
Thomas Henley was a pirate and privateer active in the Red Sea and the Caribbean.
Thomas Woolerly was a pirate and privateer active in the Caribbean and the Indian Ocean.
Thomas Griffin was a pirate and privateer active off New England. He is best known for his association with George Dew.
George Bond was an English pirate active in the Caribbean. He was known for acting in league with the pirate-friendly Governor of St. Thomas, Adolph Esmit.
Jean Fantin was a French pirate active in the Caribbean and off the coast of Africa. He is best known for having his ship stolen by William Kidd and Robert Culliford.
Edward Woodman was a pirate active in the Indian Ocean and the Caribbean.
George Spurre was an English pirate and buccaneer. He is best known for sacking Campeche and for joining a large buccaneer force which captured Veracruz.
Edward Neville was an English buccaneer and pirate. He is best known for joining George Spurre to raid Spanish Campeche.
Robert Allison was a buccaneer, privateer, and pirate best known for assaulting Spanish Puerto Bello as part of a large flotilla of rovers.
References
- 1 2 "Dew, George, - 1695 | Yale Indian Papers Project". yipp.yale.edu. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- 1 2 Marley, David (2012). Daily Life of Pirates. Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313395635 . Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 Marley, David (2010). Pirates of the Americas. Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781598842012 . Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- ↑ Jarvis, Michael J. (2012). In the Eye of All Trade: Bermuda, Bermudians, and the Maritime Atlantic World, 1680-1783. Chapel Hill NC: UNC Press Books. p. 504. ISBN 9780807895887 . Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- ↑ Theal, George McCall (1897). History of South Africa Under the Administration of the Dutch East India Company, 1652 to 1795. London: S. Sonnenschein & Company, Limited. p. 374 . Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- 1 2 "Old Rectory - St. George, George's Parish, Bermuda - Pirates on Waymarking.com". www.waymarking.com. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- 1 2 "An Investigation into the Family of". www.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
- ↑ "Haunted Bermuda: 5 Ghosts You Might Meet on the Island". Go To Bermuda. 2 June 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
