Drawing of the launching of the ship by Van de Velde the Elder, 1680. | |
History | |
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Kingdom of England | |
Name | HMS Suffolk |
Ordered | 20 February 1678 |
Builder | Sir Henry Johnson, Blackwall Yard |
Launched | May 1680 |
Commissioned | 11 August 1680 |
Honours and awards |
|
Fate | Broken up, 1765 |
General characteristics as built | |
Class and type | 70-gun third-rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 104123⁄94 tons(bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 40 ft 2 in (12.24 m) |
Draught | 18 ft (5.49 m) |
Depth of hold | 16 ft 9.5 in (5.12 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Armament |
|
General characteristics after 1699 rebuild | |
Class and type | 70-gun third-rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1,07517⁄94 tons (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 40 ft 4.5 in (12.3 m) |
Depth of hold | 16 ft 7.5 in (5.1 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Armament |
|
General characteristics after 1718 rebuild | |
Class and type | 1706 Establishment 70-gun third-rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1,1294⁄94 tons (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 41 ft 2 in (12.5 m) |
Depth of hold | 17 ft 4 in (5.3 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Armament |
|
General characteristics after 1739 rebuild [1] | |
Class and type | 70-gun third-rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 1,2248⁄94 tons (bm) |
Length |
|
Beam | 43 ft 5 in (13.2 m) |
Depth of hold | 17 ft 9 in (5.4 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
Armament |
|
HMS Suffolk was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by contract of 20 February 1678 by Sir Henry Johnson at Blackwall. She participated in the War of the English Succession 1689 - 1697, in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699. She was actively involved in the War of Spanish Succession 1702 - 1713. Her later career was as guard ship duties, deployments to the Baltic Sea and the West Indies. She was finally broken in 1765 after lying in Ordinary for almost twenty years.
She was the first vessel to bear the name Suffolk in the English and Royal Navy. [2]
HMS Suffolk was awarded the Battle Honours Barfleur 1692, [3] Gibraltar 1704, [4] and Velez-Malaga 1704. [5]
Suffolk was ordered on 20 February 1678 to be built under contract by Sir Henry Johnson of Blackwall on the River Thames. She was launched in May 1680. Her dimensions were a gun deck of 150 feet 10 inches (45.97 metres) with a keel of 121 feet 4 inches (36.98 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 40 feet 2 inches (12.24 metres) and a depth of hold of 16 feet 9.5 inches (5.12 metres). Her builder's measure tonnage was calculated as 1,04123⁄94 tons. Her draught was 18 feet 0 inches (5.49 metres). [6] [7]
Her initial gun armament was in accordance with the 1677 Establishment with 72/60 guns consisting of twenty-six demi-cannons (54 cwt, 9.5 ft) on the lower deck, twenty-six 12-pounder guns (32 cwt, 9 ft) on the upper deck, ten sakers (16 cwt, 7 ft) on the quarterdeck and four sakers (16 cwt, 7 ft) on the forecastle with four 3-pounder guns (5 cwt, 5 ft) on the poop deck or roundhouse. By 1688 she would carry 70 guns as per the 1685 Establishment. Her initial manning establishment would be for a crew of 460/380/300 personnel. [8] [7]
Suffolk was commissioned on 11 August 1680 under the command of Captain John Perryman for delivery to Chatham Dockyard. Perryman died on 4 September. In 1689 she was under the command of Captain Matthew Aylmer for fleet service. She was under Captain Woolfran Cornwall in 1690. Suffolk fought in the Battle of Beachy Head in the centre (red) squadron on 30 June. [9] On 2 January 1691 she came under the command of Captain Peregrine Osbourne, Earl of Danby, followed by Captain Christopher Billop. She fought in the Battle of Barfleur in the rear (blue) squadron of the rear division between 19 and 22 May 1692. [10] In 1693 Suffolk was under Captain James Wishart, followed by Captain Robert Robinson sailing with Lord Berkeley's Squadron. In March 1696 she was under the command of Captain John Johnson as the flagship of Admiral John Benbow on special service. In 1699 she was under the command of Captain Stafford Fairborne. She would be rebuilt at Blackwall in the same year. [6]
She was ordered to be rebuilt under contract by Johnson of Blackwall. She was launched/completed in April. Her dimensions were a gun deck of 151 feet 4 inches (46.13 metres) with a keel of 124 feet 0 inches (37.80 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 40 feet 4.5 inches (12.31 metres) and a depth of hold of 16 feet 7.5 inches (5.07 metres). Her builder's measure tonnage was calculated as 1,07517⁄94 tons. [11] [12]
She probably retained her armament as stated in the 1685 Establishment, though it is unclear if her armament was changed to the 1703 Establishment later. It is known that when completed her gun armament total at least 70 guns. [11] [13]
Suffolk was commissioned in 1701 under Captain Thomas Foulis and stationed at Spithead with a reduced crew. With the outbreak of the War of the Spanish Succession in May 1702, she was under Captain Edward Good sailing with Sir Cloudesley Shovell's fleet in October. In 1703 she was under Captain Robert Kirton assigned to Sir George Rooke's fleet. She participated in the Capture of Gibraltar on 24 July 1704. [14] She followed this in the Battle Velez-Malaga in the centre division on 13 August. [15] Suffolk suffered 13 killed and 38 wounded in the battle. [11]
In 1705 Suffolk was under Captain William Wakelin serving as flagship of Rear-Admiral William Whetstone in the West Indies. Wakelin died on 1 October 1705. In 1708 Captain William Clevland was her commander with Admiral George Byng's fleet in the English Channel. She proceeded to Lisbon in October and was in the Mediterranean from 1709. She captured the 38-gun Le Gaillard on 2 May 1710. Suffolk was ordered home in July 1711. [11]
Suffolk was ordered to be rebuilt or repaired at Chatham Dockyard under the guidance of Benjamin Rosewell on 8 March 1716. She was launched/completed on 20 November 1718. Her dimensions were a gun deck of 151 feet 4 inches (46.13 metres) with a keel of 125 feet 3 inches (38.18 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 41 feet 2 inches (12.55 metres) and a depth of hold of 17 feet 4 inches (5.28 metres). Her builder's measure tonnage was calculated as 1,1294⁄94 tons. [16] [13]
Her armament was in accordance with the 1716 Establishment of 70 guns consisting of twenty-six 24-pounder guns on the lower deck, twenty-six 12-pounder guns on the upper deck, fourteen 6-pounder guns on the quarterdeck, and four 6-pounder guns on the foc's'le. Her crew size was established as 440 personnel. [16] [13]
Suffolk was commissioned in 1719 under the command of Captain Charles Stewart for service with Admiral Sir John Norris's Baltic Fleet. In 1720 she was under Captain John Cooper. She was paid off in 1721. In 1727 she was recommissioned under Captain John Cockburn for service in the Baltic Sea. She then joined Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Wager's fleet in the Mediterranean. During the winters of 1731/32 and 1732/33 she was a guard ship at Sheerness Dockyard. In 1733 she was under the command of Captain Philip Vanbrugh as guard ship at Sheerness. She was dismantled in January 1736 with the intent of rebuilding. [16]
Suffolk was ordered rebuilt on 3 December 1735 at Woolwich Dockyard under the guidance of Master Shipwright John Hayward. She was launched on 5 March 1739. Her dimensions were a gun deck of 151 feet (46 metres) with a keel of 122 feet 1 inch (37.21 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 43 feet 5 inches (13.23 meters) and a depth of hold of 17 feet 9 inches (5.41 metres). Her builder's measure tonnage was calculated as 1,2248/94 tons. [17] [1]
Her armament was in accordance with the 1716 Establishment of 70 guns consisting of twenty-six 24-pounder guns on the lower deck, twenty-six 12-pounder guns on the upper deck, fourteen 6-pounder guns on the quarterdeck, and four 6-pounder guns on the forecastle. Her crew size was established as 440 personnel. [17] [1]
Suffolk was commissioned in 1739. She was assigned to Norris's fleet in 1740. She sailed for the West Indies in October 1740. She participated in the Battle of Cartagena de Indias in March/April 1741. She was recommissioned in August 1742 under Captain Charles Knowles for the Caracas expedition. In 1743 her new commander was Captain Edward Pratten sailing under the broad pennant of Knowles. During the Battle of La Guaira she suffered 30 killed with 80 wounded. She was at the Battle of Puerto Cabello on 16 then 24 April. Upon returning to home waters, she was assigned to Norris's fleet for service in the English Channel. In August/September 1744 she was assigned to Admiral Sir John Balchen's fleet. In 1745 she was under the broad pennant of Commodore FitzRoy Henry Lee in the Leeward Islands. She captured the privateer Diligent on 22 June. [17]
Suffolk returned to home waters and was put in in ordinary. She remained inactive for almost 20 years and was finally broken on 12 June 1765. [17] [1]
HMS Stirling Castle was a 70-gun third-rate built at Deptford Dockyard, in 1678/79. She was in active commission for the War of the English Succession, fighting in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. HMS Stirling Castle underwent a rebuild at Chatham Dockyard in 1699. She was in the Cadiz operation in 1702. The ship was wrecked on the Goodwin Sands off Deal on 27 November 1703. The remains are now a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.
HMS Northumberland was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Francis Bayley of Bristol in 1677/79. She partook in the last great battle of the War of English Succession and the first battle of the War of Spanish Succession. She was lost in the Great Storm of November 1703.
HMS Restoration was a 70-gun third rate of the Kingdom of England built at Harwich Dockyard in 1677/78. After a ten-year stint in Ordinary she was commissioned for the War of the English Succession in 1690. She fought in the Battles of Beachy Head and the Battle of Barfleur. She was rebuilt at Portsmouth in 1699/1702. She was lost on the Goodwin Sands during the Great Storm of November 1703.
HMS Ruby was a 40-gun frigate of the Commonwealth of England, built by Peter Pett at Deptford. She took part in actions during all three of the Anglo-Dutch Wars of 1652–1654, 1665–1667 and 1672–1674. She later served in the West Indies, and in 1683 was sent to the Leeward Islands to protect British settlements against Caribbean pirate raids. In 1687, the English pirate Joseph Bannister was captured by the crew of Ruby and brought to Port Royal for trial. She was rebuilt in 1687. She was captured by the French in October 1707.
HMS President was a 34-gun fourth-rate of the English Navy, built by Peter Pett I at Deptford Dockyard and launched in 1650. She was incorporated into the Commonwealth Navy in 1650. She partook in the Battle off Dover and Kentish Knock in 1652, the Battle of Portland, the Gabbard and Scheveningen in 1653. She was renamed Bonaventure in 1660. After the Restoration she was incorporated into the Royal Navy. She was present at the Battle of Lowestoft (1665), the Four Days Battle and the Oxfordness in 1666. She was rebuilt in 1666. She was present at the Battle of Martinique in 1667, Battle of Solebay (1672), Battle of Schooneveld and Texel in 1673, the Battle of Beachy Head in 1690, the Battle of Barfleur 1692.
HMS Assistance was one of six 40-gun fourth-rate frigates, built for the Commonwealth of England under the 1650 Programme, after the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 she was incorporated into the navy of the Kingdom of England. During her time in the Commonwealth Navy she partook in the First Anglo-Dutch War being present in the battles of Kentish Knock, Portland and The Gabbard. In the Mediterranean she was present at the Battle of Santa Cruz and the bombardment of Porto Farina, In the Second Anglo-Dutch War she was involved in the Battle of Lowestoft, Battle of Vagen and the St James Day Fight. She did not participate in fleet actions after this. She spent the rest of her service life undergoing several rebuilds and plying the waters as a cruiser protecting British trade and projecting British sovereignty. After nearly 95 years of Service she was sunk as a break water at Sheerness at the end of 1745.
HMS Anne was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the English, built under the 1677 Construction Programme by Phineas Pett II at Chatham Dockyard during 1677/78. She fought in the War of English Succession 1688 to 1697. She fought in the Battle of Beachy Head where she was severely damaged and ran aground. She was burnt by the English to avoid capture by the French. The wreck is a Protected Wreck managed by Historic England.
HMS Captain was a 70-gun third rate built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1677/78. After sitting in Ordinary for ten years she was in active commission for the War of the English Succession fighting at Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was in Ordinary until 1706 when she was rebuilt. She was in active commission for the last half of the War of Spanish Succession but fought in no major engagements. She was at the Battle of Passero I 1718. She was rebuilt in 1720/22. She made two forays in to the Baltic though the bulk of her late career was spent as guardship at Portsmouth. She was hulked in 1740 and finally broken in 1762.
HMS Hampton Court was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Deptford Dockyard in 1678. Her initial commission was to move her to Chatham where she spent in the next ten years in Ordinary. She held an active commission for the War of the English Succession, participating in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt at Blackwall in 1699/1701. During the War of Spanish Succession she served mainly in the Mediterranean. In 1707 she was taken by the French and incorporated into the French Navy for four years. She was sold to the Spanish in 1712. She was wrecked in Spanish service off the coast of Florida in a hurricane in 1715.
HMS Lenox was a 70-gun third rate built at Deptford Dockyard in 1677/78. She was in active commission for the War of English Succession fighting in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699. Again in active commission for the War of Spanish Succession fighting in the Capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Velez Malaga. She followed this with the Battle off Passero. She was rebuilt again in 1721. She was active in the War with Spain, capturing the Princesa then serving in Home Waters, the Mediterranean and finally the West Indies. She was in action off Havana in 1745. She returned home and was placed in Ordinary. She was finally sunk as a breakwater at Sheerness in 1756.
HMS Berwick was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Chatham Dockyard during 1677/1679. After completion she was placed in Ordinary for 10 years. She was commissioned for the War of the English Succession 1689-1697, participating in the battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt between 1697 and 1700. She was commissioned for the War of Spanish Succession 1702-1712, participating in the battles of Vigo Bay, Capture of Gibraltar and Velez Malaga. placed in Ordinary in 1712, she was converted to a hulk at Portsmouth in 1715 before being broken in 1742.
HMS Burford was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1677/79 as part of the Thirty Ships Programme of 1677. She fought in the War of the English Succession, including the Battle of Barfleur, before being rebuilt at Deptford in 1699, remaining as a 70-gun third rate. During the War of Spanish Succession she was mostly in the Mediterranean fleet and fought at the capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Málaga in 1704 before being extensively repaired between 1710 and 1712 at Portsmouth Dockyard. Burford served in the Baltic in 1715 and 1717 before returning to the Mediterranean to fight the Spanish at the Battle of Cape Passaro in 1718. She was wrecked on the Italian coast in a storm on 14 February 1719.
HMS Eagle was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Portsmouth Dockyard during 1677/79. When completed she was placed in Ordinary for 10 years. She was in active commission during the War of the English Succession partaking in the Battle of Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699 at Chatham. She again played an active role in the early part of the War of Spanish Succession participating in the Capture of Gibraltar, and the Battle of Velez Malaga. She was wrecked in the Isles of Scilly in October 1707.
HMS Elizabeth was a 70-gun third rate built at Barnards Yard at Deptford Green by William and Robert Castle of Rotherhithe in 1678/80. She held an active commission during the War of the English Succession fighting in all three major engagements. She was rebuilt at Portsmouth between 1699 and 1704. She was captured by the French off the Scilly Islands in November 1704. She was in the French Navy until she was deleted in 1720.
HMS Essex was a 70-gun third rate built by Sir Henry Johnson of Blackwall in 1678/79. During the War of the English Succession she fought in the last major action. She was rebuilt in 1699/1700. During the War of Spanish Succession she fought at Vigo Bay, the Capture of Gibraltar and Velez Malaga. She also fought at the Battle off Passero in 1718. She was rebuilt again in 1736-40. She was in action off Toulon in 1744. She was active in the Channel and against French ports during the Seven Years War. She fought at Quiberon Bay in 1759. She was wrecked in Quiberon Bay in November 1759.
HMS Expedition was a 70-gun third-rate ship of the line built at Portsmouth Dockyard in 1677/79. She was in active commission during the War of the English Succession participating in the battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699. Again, for the War of Spanish Succession she was in commission for the operation at Cadiz then returned to England where she sat for two years. She was in the Mediterranean for the Battle of Marbella in 1705. She then went to the West Indies and fought in Wager's action off Cartagena in 1708. She was rebuilt in 1709-14 to the 1706 Establishment. She spent her time split between the Baltic and as guard ship at Portsmouth before being broken at Portsmouth in 1736. She was rebuilt in 1736/40 at Deptford Dockyard.
HMS Grafton was a 70-gun third rate built at Woolwich Dockyard in 1677/79. She was delivered to Chatham and placed in Ordinary in 1679. She was commissioned in 1683 to participate in the evacuation of Tangier, Morocco. She served during the War of the English Succession fighting in the Battles of Beachy Head and Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1699/1701. She was in active commission during the War of Spanish Succession. She fought in the Battle of Vigo, the capture of Gibraltar and the Battle of Velez Malaga. She was taken by the French in 1707 and incorporated into the French Navy. Finally, being broken at Brest in 1744.
HMS Kent was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line built by Sir Henry Johnson of Blackwall in 1677/79. She served during the War of English Succession 1699 to 1697, participating in the Battle of Barfleur. She was rebuilt in 1697/99. She served during the War of Spanish Succession 1702 to 1712 and partook in the Battles of Vigo and Velez-Malaga. She partook in the Battle of Passaro then served during the short war with Spain, December 1718 to February 1720. She was rebuilt in 1722/26. She spent the next thirteen years as a guard ship at Portsmouth. In the 1740s, she was off Cape Finisterre then in the West Indies. She returned home and was finally broken in 1744.
HMS Pendennis was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Kingdom of England built at Chatham in 1677/79. She was in the War of English Succession. She was in the Battle of Bantry Bay. She was wrecked on the Kentish Knock in October 1689.
HMS Exeter was a 70-gun third rate ship of the line of the Kingdom of England, built by contract Sir Henry Johnson at Blackwall under the 1677 Construction Programme. She was at the Battle of Beachy Head in 1690. She was accidentally burnt at Plymouth in 1691. Her remains were hulked at Portsmouth until she was broken in 1717.