Holma people were believed to be Yemenite origin. Their forefathers was said to have migrated from Yemen around 110 of Hijrah corresponding to 728 Gregorian. The Yemenites in pursuit to spread Islam, after having been highly attended to by the prophet of Islam, sending his companions to teach them even without him stepping his foot in the land,they felt the urge to expand the knowledge and Faith to other lands especially in Africa. These Yemenis, some of whom have intermarried with some of those companions of the prophet, moving from one region to another, reached northern Nigeria on Islamic evangelism, reaching to a region that is now called Adamawa and settled in its provinces.
Later, after the demise of the evangelical forefathers of Holma, generations returned to non-Islamic practices of idolatry and other atrocities until the emergence of Usman Dan Fodio and his Jihad (strive). At around the 1754-1817, the founder of Sokoto caliphate Usman Dan Fodio launched his Jihad (strive) to establish Islamic empire through preaching and fighting wars. At the realisation of that move, leaders of Holma people made a consensus to reclaim their lost Faith from the Islamic evangelist Dan Fodio, without fighting wars. Holma leaders sent to Dan Fodio announcing their allegiance and support. At that, Dan Fodio commented "Holma én hòlabe" noting that (Holmans are worth trust). With that, Holma people were not fought and none was enslaved.
After sometime, the Holma leaders sensed that some members were keeping to the pagan traditions associated with Holma language and worship of idols. As a remedy, the leaders threatened that "anyone who keeps a pagan tradition and the language of the idols, after accepting Islam, will die because the gods are angry". For that reason, Holma people sacrificed both the language and the traditions of the idols, in order to keep their Islamic faith and their allegiance with Usman Dan Fodio.
Usman Ɗan Fodiopronunciation was a Fulani scholar, Sunni Islamic religious teacher, revolutionary, and philosopher who founded the Sokoto Caliphate and ruled as its first caliph.
Hausa–Fulani are people of mixed Hausa and Fulani origin. They are primarily found in the Northern region of Nigeria, most of whom speak a variant of Hausa or Fula or both as their first language.
The Fulani War of 1804–1808, also known as the Fulani Jihad or Jihad of Usman dan Fodio, was a military conflict in present-day Nigeria and Cameroon. The war began when Usman Dan Fodiyo, a prominent Islamic scholar and teacher, was exiled from Gobir by King Yunfa, one of his former students.
The Sokoto Caliphate, also known as the Fulani Empire or the Sultanate of Sokoto, was a Sunni Muslim caliphate in West Africa. It was founded by Usman dan Fodio in 1804 during the Fulani jihads after defeating the Hausa Kingdoms in the Fulani War. The boundaries of the caliphate are part of present-day Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria. It was dissolved when the British and Germans conquered the area in 1903 and annexed it into the newly established Northern Nigeria Protectorate and Kamerun respectively.
Muhammadu Bellopronunciation was the second Sultan of Sokoto and reigned from 1817 until 1837. He was also an active writer of history, poetry, and Islamic studies. He was the son and primary aide to Usman dan Fodio, the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate and the first Sultan. During his reign, he encouraged the spread of Islam throughout the region, increasing education for both men and women, and the establishment of Islamic courts. He died on October 25, 1837, and was succeeded by his brother Abu Bakr Atiku and then his son, Aliyu Babba.
Sheikhu Ahmadu was the Fulbe founder of the Massina Empire in the Inner Niger Delta, now the Mopti Region of Mali. He ruled as Almami from 1818 until his death in 1845, also taking the title Cisse al-Masini.
Adama ɓii Ardo Hassana, more commonly known as Modibbo Adama, was a Fulani scholar and holy warrior, who hailed from the Ba'en clan of Fulbe. He led a jihad into the region of Fombina, opening the region for Fulani colonisation.
The Adamawa Emirate is a traditional state located in Fombina, an area which now roughly corresponds to areas of Adamawa State and Taraba state in Nigeria, and previously also in the three northern provinces of Cameroon, including minor Parts of Chad and the Central African Republic. It was founded by Modibo Adama, a commander of Sheikh Usman dan Fodio, the man who began the Fulani jihad in 1809. The capital was moved several times until it settled in Yola, Nigeria on the banks of the Benue River in Nigeria around 1841. At the time of Adama's death his realm encompassed parts of modern Nigeria and much of north Cameroon. It was technically part of the Sokoto Caliphate, and it had to pay a tribute to the leaders in Sokoto.
The Kirdi are the many cultures and ethnic groups who inhabit northwestern Cameroon and northeastern Nigeria.
Yunfapronunciation was a king of the Hausa city-state of Gobir in what is now Nigeria. He is particularly remembered for his conflict with Islamic reformer Usman dan Fodio.
Abu Bakr Atiku was the third Sultan of the Sokoto Caliphate, reigning from October 1837 until November 1842.
Muhammadu Junaidu was a Nigerian historian, writer and one of the foremost scholars on Fulani history and the Sokoto Caliphate. He held the title of the Waziri of Sokoto.
The Fulajihads sometimes called the Fulani revolution were a series of jihads that occurred across West Africa during the 18th and 19th centuries, led largely by the Muslim Fula people. The jihads and the jihad states came to an end with European colonization.
Nana Asmaʾupronunciation was a Fula princess, poet, teacher, and a daughter of the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, Usman dan Fodio. She remains a revered figure in northern Nigeria. She is held up by some as an example of education and independence of women possible under Islam, and by others as a precursor to modern feminism in Africa.
Lere is a Local Government Area and town in Kaduna Kaduna State of Nigeria. Lere town is located geographically at the latitude 10 degrees 39 North and longitude 8 degrees 57 East. It is the headquarters of the Lere Emirate. The town and its environs has an estimated population of about 93,290 (2016). Lere Local Government has an area of 2,634 km2 and a population of 339,740 at the 2006 census. Its headquarters are in the town of Saminaka. The postal code of the area is 811.
The Bauchi Emirate was founded by Fula in the early 19th century in what is now Bauchi State, Nigeria, with its capital in Bauchi. The emirate came under British "protection" in the colonial era, and is now denoted a traditional state.
The Torodbe; singular Torodo were Muslim clerics and theocratic monarchs who reigned in Futa Toro, a region located in the north of present-day Senegal, from the seventeenth to the early twentieth century.
Modibbo Raji was a 19th-century Fulani Islamic scholar who was part of the community of Usman Dan Fodio, founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, and his brother Abdullahi dan Fodio. After a long career as a teacher, Qadi, Naib and Wazir (vizier) in the Gwandu Emirate under his mentor Abdullahi dan Fodio and his successors, Modibbo Raji emigrated in the 1850s and eventually settled in Adamawa. He is generally regarded as the founder of the Islamic scholarly tradition in Adamawa as well as one of the earliest exponents of the Tijjaniyya Islamic sect in the Sokoto Caliphate. He died c. 1865 and was buried in Yola leaving behind his writings both in Arabic and Fulfulde, and a large scholarly community of his sons, daughters, students and associates.
Hausa literature is any work written in the Hausa language. It includes poetry, prose, songwriting, music, and drama. Hausa literature includes folk literature, much of which has been transcribed, and provides a means of recording, preserving, and transmitting knowledge, especially in regard to social, psychological, spiritual, or political roles.
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