List of Confederate monuments and memorials in Virginia

Last updated

This list of Confederate monuments and memorials in Virginia includes public displays and symbols of the Confederate States of America (CSA), Confederate leaders, or Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War. Part of the commemoration of the American Civil War, these symbols include monuments and statues, flags, holidays and other observances, and the names of schools, roads, parks, bridges, counties, cities, lakes, dams, military bases, and other public works. [note 1]

Contents

This list does not include items of a more strictly documentary nature, such as historic markers or battlefield parks if they were not established to honor the Confederacy. Nor does it include figures connected with the origins of the Civil War or white supremacy, as distinct from the Confederacy.

As of 24 June 2020, there are at least 239 public spaces with Confederate monuments in Virginia, [1] more than in any other state. [2] [3]

Bridge

Buildings

Geological features

Highways

Monuments

Courthouse monuments

Other public monuments

Robert E. Lee hitched his horse in Berryville, Virginia, while on his march to Gettysburg Berryville, Lees post.jpg
Robert E. Lee hitched his horse in Berryville, Virginia, while on his march to Gettysburg
Lee-Jackson Bivouac Shaft, Chancellorsville Chancellorsvill's historical marker, Lee&Jackson camping.jpg
Lee-Jackson Bivouac Shaft, Chancellorsville
Robert Edward Lee, Charlottesville Robert E Lee memorial, Charlottesville VA, USA.jpg
Robert Edward Lee , Charlottesville
Thomas Jonathan Jackson, Charlottesville Stonewall Jackson, Charlottesville VA, USA, 1921.jpeg
Thomas Jonathan Jackson , Charlottesville
Big Bethel UDC Monument, Langley Air Force Base, Hampton Confederate Monument, Big Bethel Cemetery, Hampton, Virginia.jpg
Big Bethel UDC Monument, Langley Air Force Base, Hampton
Lebanon, Virginia Lebanon, Virginia (8127232645).jpg
Lebanon, Virginia
Mount Jackson Our Soldiers Cemetery & statue Mt. Jackson VA, USA.jpeg
Mount Jackson
Lee to the Rear!, Wilderness Battlefield, Orange County, Virginia "Lee to the Rear" Tablet, Wilderness Battlefield, Orange County, Virginia, United States.jpg
Lee to the Rear!, Wilderness Battlefield, Orange County, Virginia
William Mahone Monument at Petersburg National Battlefield Major General Mahone Monument At The Crater - panoramio.jpg
William Mahone Monument at Petersburg National Battlefield
Memorial Granite Pile, Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia. Photo by William Henry Jackson. Confederate Monument Richmond VA 1902.jpg
Memorial Granite Pile, Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia. Photo by William Henry Jackson.
Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, Virginia Cedar Hill Cemetery memorial 2016.jpg
Cedar Hill Cemetery, Suffolk, Virginia
Monument near where Stonewall Jackson's arm was buried, Wilderness, Virginia Grave of Stonewall Jackson's Arm - panoramio.jpg
Monument near where Stonewall Jackson's arm was buried, Wilderness, Virginia

Private monuments

Turner Ashby Monument, Harrisonburg Turner Ashby Monument.jpg
Turner Ashby Monument, Harrisonburg

Parks and sites

Jefferson Davis Memorial Park at Fort Monroe, Virginia Jefferson Davis Memorial Park, Fort Monroe - Stierch.jpg
Jefferson Davis Memorial Park at Fort Monroe, Virginia

Roads

  • Alexandria:
    • Beauregard Street
    • Bragg Street
    • Braxton Place
    • Breckinridge Place
    • Chambliss Street
    • Dearing Street
    • Donelson Street
    • Early Street
    • Floyd Street
    • French Street
    • Frost Street
    • Gordon Street
    • Hardee Place
    • Hume Avenue
    • Imboden Street
    • Iverson Street
    • Jackson Place
    • Janney's Lane
    • Jordan Street
    • Jubal Avenue
    • Lee Street [1]
    • Longstreet Lane
    • Maury Lane
    • Pegram Street
    • Quantrell Avenue
    • Reynolds Street
    • Rosser Street
    • Van Dorn Street
    • Wheeler Avenue
  • Annandale:
    • John Marr Drive
    • Lanier Street
    • Rebel Drive
  • Blackstone: Jeb Stuart Road
  • Bland: Jeb Stuart Street
  • Boones Mill: Jubal Early Highway
  • Bristow: Robert E. Lee Drive
  • Centreville:
    • Confederate Ridge Lane
    • General Lee Drive
  • Chantilly:
  • Culpeper:
    • General A.P. Hill
    • General Jackson Avenue
    • General Jeb Stuart Lane
    • General Lee Avenue
    • General Longstreet Avenue
    • General Winder Road
  • Damascus: Jeb Stuart Highway
  • Fairfax:
    • Confederate Lane
    • Mosby Woods Drive
    • Old Lee Highway [69]
    • Pickett Road
  • Forest: Jubal Early Drive
  • Foster: Robert E. Lee Drive
  • Fredericksburg: Jubal Early Drive
  • Hardy: Jubal Early Highway
  • Hopewell: Robert E. Lee Drive
  • Ivor: General Mahone Boulevard
  • Lynchburg: Early Street
  • Manassas:
    • Beauregard Avenue
    • Lee Avenue [1]
  • Martinsville:
    • Jeb Stuart Road
    • Jefferson Davis Drive
  • Mechanicsville: Lee Davis Road
  • Middleburg: John Mosby Highway
  • Natural Bridge Station:
    • Jeb Stuart Drive
    • Robert E. Lee Drive
  • New Market:
    • Confederate Street
    • Lee Street [1]
    • Stonewall Street
    • Stuart Street
  • Petersburg:
    • Confederate Avenue
    • Jubal Early Drive
  • Powhatan: Robert E. Lee Road
  • Purcellville: Jeb Stuart Road
  • Rhoadesville: Jeb Stuart Drive
  • Richmond:
  • Sandston:
    • Carter Avenue
    • Confederate Avenue
    • Early Avenue
    • Garland Avenue
    • J.B. Finley Avenue
    • Jackson Avenue
    • Kemper Court
    • Pickett Avenue
    • Wilson Way
  • Staunton:
    • Beauregard Drive
    • J.E.B. Stuart Drive
    • Stonewall Jackson Boulevard
  • Verona: Confederate Street
  • Virginia Beach:
    • General Beauregard Drive
    • General Hill Drive
    • General Jackson Drive
    • General Lee Drive
    • General Longstreet Drive
    • Hood Drive
  • Waynesboro:
    • Davis Road
    • Pickett Road
    • Robert E. Lee Avenue
  • Winchester: Jubal Early Drive
  • Woodford:
    • Jeff Davis Drive
    • Stonewall Jackson Road
  • Wirtz: Jubal Early Highway

Schools

Former or removed monument and memorials

For a list of removed or renamed memorials, see Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials#Virginia.

See also

Notes

  1. "In an effort to assist the efforts of local communities to re-examine these symbols, the SPLC launched a study to catalog them. For the final tally, the researchers excluded nearly 2,600 markers, battlefields, museums, cemeteries and other places or symbols that are largely historical in nature." [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United Daughters of the Confederacy</span> American hereditary association

The United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC) is an American neo-Confederate hereditary association for female descendants of Confederate Civil War soldiers engaging in the commemoration of these ancestors, the funding of monuments to them, and the promotion of the pseudohistorical Lost Cause ideology and corresponding white supremacy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A. P. Hill</span> Confederate Army general (1825–1865)

Ambrose Powell Hill Jr. was a Confederate general who was killed in the American Civil War. He is usually referred to as A. P. Hill to differentiate him from Confederate general Daniel Harvey Hill, who was unrelated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monument Avenue</span> United States historic place

Monument Avenue is a tree-lined grassy mall dividing the eastbound and westbound traffic in Richmond, Virginia, originally named for its emblematic complex of structures honoring those who fought for the Confederacy during the American Civil War. Between 1900 and 1925, Monument Avenue greatly expanded with architecturally significant houses, churches, and apartment buildings. Four of the bronze statues representing J. E. B. Stuart, Stonewall Jackson, Jefferson Davis and Matthew Fontaine Maury were removed from their memorial pedestals amidst civil unrest in July 2020. The Robert E. Lee monument was handled differently as it was owned by the Commonwealth, in contrast with the other monuments which were owned by the city. Dedicated in 1890, it was removed on September 8, 2021. All these monuments, including their pedestals, have now been removed completely from the Avenue. The last remaining statue on Monument Avenue is the Arthur Ashe Monument, memorializing the African-American tennis champion, dedicated in 1996.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richmond in the American Civil War</span> History of Richmond, Virginia during the American Civil War

Richmond, Virginia, served as the capital of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War from May 8, 1861, before that date the capital had been Montgomery, Alabama. Besides its political status, it was a vital source of weapons and supplies for the war effort, as well as the terminus of five railroads, and as such would have been defended by the Confederate States Army at all costs.

<i>Confederate War Memorial</i> (Dallas) Confederate monument previously displayed in Dallas, Texas, United States

The Confederate War Memorial was a 65 foot (20 m)-high monument that pays tribute to soldiers and sailors from Texas who served with the Confederate States of America (CSA) during the American Civil War. The monument was dedicated in 1897, following the laying of its cornerstone the previous year. Originally located in Sullivan Park near downtown Dallas, Texas, United States, the monument was relocated in 1961 to the nearby Pioneer Park Cemetery in the Convention Center District, next to the Dallas Convention Center and Pioneer Plaza.

Confederate monuments and memorials in the United States include public displays and symbols of the Confederate States of America (CSA), Confederate leaders, or Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War. Many monuments and memorials have been or will be removed under great controversy. Part of the commemoration of the American Civil War, these symbols include monuments and statues, flags, holidays and other observances, and the names of schools, roads, parks, bridges, buildings, counties, cities, lakes, dams, military bases, and other public structures. In a December 2018 special report, Smithsonian Magazine stated, "over the past ten years, taxpayers have directed at least $40 million to Confederate monuments—statues, homes, parks, museums, libraries, and cemeteries—and to Confederate heritage organizations."

<i>Appomattox</i> (statue) Bronze statue in Virginia, United States

Appomattox is a bronze statue commemorating soldiers from Alexandria, Virginia, who had died while fighting for the Confederacy during the American Civil War. The memorial was located in the center of the intersection of South Washington Street and Prince Street in the Old Town neighborhood of Alexandria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ladies' Memorial Association</span> Womens organization in the American South

A Ladies' Memorial Association (LMA) is a type of organization for women that sprang up all over the American South in the years after the American Civil War. Typically, these were organizations by and for women, whose goal was to raise monuments in Confederate soldiers honor. Their immediate goal, of providing decent burial for soldiers, was joined with the desire to commemorate the sacrifices of Southerners and to propagate the Lost Cause of the Confederacy. Between 1865 and 1900, these associations were a formidable force in Southern culture, establishing cemeteries and raising large monuments often in very conspicuous places, and helped unite white Southerners in an ideology at once therapeutic and political.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Confederate Memorial (Arlington National Cemetery)</span> Monument in Arlington National Cemetery built in 1914

The Confederate Memorial was a memorial in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States, that commemorated members of the armed forces of the Confederate States of America who died during the American Civil War. Authorized in March 1906, former Confederate soldier and sculptor Moses Jacob Ezekiel was commissioned by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in November 1910 to design the memorial. It was unveiled by President Woodrow Wilson on June 4, 1914, the 106th anniversary of the birth of Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials</span> Ongoing development in the United States

There are more than 160 monuments and memorials to the Confederate States of America and associated figures that have been removed from public spaces in the United States, all but five of which have been since 2015. Some have been removed by state and local governments; others have been torn down by protestors.

<i>Tuskegee Confederate Monument</i>

The Tuskegee Confederate Monument, also known as the Macon County Confederate Memorial and Tuskegee Confederate Memorial, is an outdoor Confederate memorial in Tuskegee, Alabama, in the United States. It was erected in 1906 by the United Daughters of the Confederacy to commemorate the Confederate soldiers from Macon County, Alabama.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Confederate Monument (Greenville, South Carolina)</span>

The Confederate Monument is a shaft of granite topped by a marble statue of a soldier—the oldest public sculpture in Greenville—that memorializes the Confederate dead of the American Civil War from Greenville County, South Carolina. The monument is flanked by two period Parrott rifles manufactured at the West Point Foundry.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gunter, Booth; Kizzire, Jamie (2016). "Whose heritage? Public Symbols of the Confederacy". Southern Poverty Law Center . Retrieved June 17, 2020.
  2. The Associated Press (2017-08-22). "Civil War Lessons Often Depend on Where the Classroom Is". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2017-08-31.
  3. Schneider, Gregory S (2017-08-27). "In the former capital of the Confederacy, the debate over statues is personal and painful". Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
  4. "Lee District RECenter". Fairfax County, Virginia. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  5. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Alexander W Terrell Memorial Infirmary
  6. Randolph College Campus Map (PDF) (Map). Randolph College. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  7. Fifer, Jordan (July 5, 2012). "Tractor-trailer crash closes section of Jubal Early Highway in Franklin County". Roanoke Times. Retrieved 2018-06-14.
  8. "Hampton Renames Magruder Boulevard. It will be Neil Armstrong Parkway". Daily Press. February 27, 2020.
  9. Sievers, Frederick William (24 October 2017). "Washington County Confederate Monument" via siris-artinventories.si.edu Library Catalog.
  10. "Buckingham County: The Confederate Monument". 20 August 2013.
  11. Kuhlthau, A. Robert and Harry W. Webb, The Magazine of Albemarle County History, Sculpture in and around Charlottesville: Confederate Memorialsthe Albemarle County Historical Society, Inc. 1990 pp. 14–40
  12. 1 2 Vaughn, Carol (August 17, 2017). "Why now? Virginia Shore Confederate monuments draw strong emotions". DelMarVaNow .
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Confederate Monuments". Virginia Center for Civil War Studies. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  14. Winberry, John J. (1983). ""Lest We Forget": The Confederate Monument and the Southern Townscape". Southeastern Geographer. 23 (2): 107–21. doi:10.1353/sgo.1983.0008. ISSN   1549-6929. S2CID   201779463.
  15. Richardson, Bradford (August 17, 2017). "John S. Mosby, Anti-Slavery Confederate, Throws Wrench Into Monument Narrative". The Washington Times.
  16. "Virginia church relocates memorials to George Washington and Robert E Lee". The Guardian. October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  17. Aratani, Lori (October 28, 2017). "Historic Alexandria church decides to remove plaques honoring Washington, Lee". Washington Post. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  18. Kenney, Shaun (October 26, 2017). "Cultural Terrorism Comes To Christ Church in Alexandria". Republican Standard. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
  19. "Traveler was Tethered on this Spot". Historical Marker Project. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  20. "Major John Pelham Monument". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  21. "Jackson Memorial Boulder and Tablet". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sedore, Timothy S. (2011). An Illustrated Guide to Virginia's Confederate Monuments. Southern Illinois University Press. pp. 40, 126–131. ISBN   9780809386253.
  23. "City Council Meeting (video)". July 18, 2018. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
  24. "CPD [Charlottesville Police Department]: Vandalism of Lee Statue Not Caught on Surveillance Camera". WVIR-TV (NBC29.com). July 20, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
  25. Early, John (February 19, 2019). "Charlottesville's Lee Statue Vandalized Again as Lawsuit Continues". WVIR-TV (NBC29.com). Retrieved February 22, 2019.
  26. Vera, Amir (April 30, 2019). "Virginia judge rules Charlottesville confederate statues are war monuments protected by state law". CNN .
  27. 1 2 Stack, Liam (May 1, 2019). "Charlottesville Confederate Statues Are Protected by State Law, Judge Rules". New York Times .
  28. 1 2 Associated Press (September 6, 2017). "Charlottesville Council Votes to Move 2nd Confederate Statue". NBC 5 Dallas–Fort Worth.
  29. Greenlee, Justin (September 9, 2018). "'Next up, Charlottesville!': Silent Sam and the Confederate soldier at the University of Virginia". Medium .
  30. "Battle of Brandy Station Monument". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  31. "Monument to the Angel of Marye's Heights". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  32. Donald C. Pfanz (Sep 8, 2001). "The Angel of Marye's Heights". Part 33 of a series on the 1862 Battle of Fredericksburg. Fredericksburg.com. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  33. Brown, Jason J. (April 20, 2010). "Uncovering Hidden History in Hampton Roads". US Air Force - Joint Base Langley-Eustis.
  34. Fisher, Bernard (June 16, 2016). "Big Bethel UDC Monument". Historical Marker Database.
  35. St. John Erickson, Mark (June 9, 2016). "Hampton Group Transforms Site of Civil War's First Land Battle". Daily Press.
  36. "Hampton National Cemetery". U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. August 28, 2017.
  37. "Crews take down Maryland's last public Confederate statue". WJLA-TV . Associated Press. March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  38. 1 2 3 Roll, Nick (August 23, 2017). "Robert E. Lee's Namesake". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  39. "Virginia university to remove Confederate flags from chapel". CNN Wire. July 9, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2017.
  40. Shapiro, T. Rees (July 8, 2014). "Washington and Lee University to remove Confederate flags following protests". Washington Post .
  41. Toscano, Pasquale S. (August 22, 2017). "My University Is Named for Robert E. Lee. What Now?". New York Times.
  42. 1 2 3 4 "Statues and Monuments at VMI - VMI Archives - Virginia Military Institute". www.vmi.edu.
  43. "Virginia Mourning Her Dead". Encyclopedia Virginia. Virginia Humanities . Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  44. "Stonewall Jackson Statue: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". August 15, 2017.
  45. "Major General Stephen Dodson Ramseur Monument". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  46. "Where A.P. Hill was Killed Monument". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  47. "Monument to Brigadier General John Pegram". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  48. McDaniel, Joyce L., The Collected Works of Caspar Buberl: An Analysis of a Nineteenth Century American Sculptor, Wellesley, Massachusetts: MA thesis, Wellesley College, 1976 pp. 107–09
  49. ABC News (August 22, 2018). "Police say Confederate monument in Richmond vandalized".
  50. Daudani, Ray (July 3, 2015). "Confederate Soldier and Sailors monument vandalized". NBC12 (WWBT). Archived from the original on 2018-08-17. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
  51. Leib, Jonathan I. (2016-09-02). "Separate times, shared spaces: Arthur Ashe, Monument Avenue and the politics of Richmond, Virginia's symbolic landscape". Cultural Geographies. 9 (3): 286–312. doi:10.1191/1474474002eu250oa. S2CID   143324432.
  52. CNN (August 18, 2017). "Here are the Confederate memorials that will be removed after Charlottesville". WPTV . Retrieved February 12, 2018.{{cite news}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  53. Comey, James (February 7, 2019). "Take down the Confederate statues now". Washington Post .
  54. Evans, Burnell; Robinson, Mark (June 6, 2020). "A painful week pushed Richmond Mayor Levar Stoney toward a historic decision". Richmond Times-Dispatch .
  55. Haag, Matthew (November 20, 2017). "Virginia Restricts Protests at Lee Monument in Richmond After Clashes". New York Times . Retrieved November 24, 2017.
  56. Manzanares, Keyris (January 7, 2020). "Confederate monuments in Richmond vandalized: 'This is Racist'". WRIC-TV (abc8NEWS).
  57. Rankin, Sarah. "Statue of Gen. Robert E. Lee comes down in Virginia capital". apnews.com. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  58. 1 2 Berrier Jr, Ralph (June 5, 2020). "Council majority supports removing Roanoke's memorial to Robert E. Lee, renaming plaza". Roanoke Times . Retrieved 2020-06-12.
  59. "Cedar Hill Cemetery" (PDF). National Park Service. September 2, 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-12-25. Retrieved 2019-01-03.
  60. Jones, Valencia (May 6, 2017). "Largest known Confederate flag raised in Blairs". WSET-TV . Retrieved August 2, 2018.
  61. "NRHP nomination for Turner Ashby Monument" (PDF). Virginia DHR. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
  62. Stewart, Caleb; Hood, John (February 3, 2020). "Confederate monument in Virginia vandalized with red paint". WHSV .
  63. Petersburg Area Regional Tourism Corporation. "Blandford Church and Cemetery". Archived from the original on April 7, 2019. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
  64. "City of Petersburg Tourist Information". Archived from the original on 2015-02-19. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  65. Bullock, Marcus. "Va Flaggers: Another Confederate Flag to be raised on I-95". www.nbc12.com. Retrieved 2023-03-05.
  66. Connie (2016-02-17). "The Virginia Flaggers: Va Flaggers: I-95 Wade Hampton Flag Raised in Prince George County". The Virginia Flaggers. Retrieved 2023-03-05.
  67. Dedication Ceremony Jefferson Davis Memorial Park, Fort Monroe, Virginia 5 May 1956. United Daughters of the Confederacy. 1956.
  68. Goodheart, Adam (August 18, 2011). "The Future of 'Freedom's Fortress'". The New York Times. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  69. "Plan to Rename Stretch of Lee Highway Angers Some (washingtonpost.com)". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
  70. Mattlen, Shane (August 29, 2017). "Outside Charlottesville, a Small Virginia Town Must Deal with Lee and its Legacy". The Open Man.
  71. "About Our School". Fairfax County Public Schools. Lees Corner Elementary School. Retrieved 2017-09-27.[ permanent dead link ]
  72. Jones, Sandra (2017-08-24). "Henrico students petition to change Confederate-inspired nickname". WTVR.com. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
  73. Brady, Erik (2015-08-20). "At Hurley High, Confederate battle flag is everywhere and means everything". USA Today. Retrieved 2017-09-03.
  74. "Lee's Headquarters monument". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  75. "Ramseur's Brigade monument". Stone Sentinels. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  76. Shapiro, T. Rees (2017-07-28). "A school named after a Confederate may be three letters away from compromise". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-09-05.