The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States between the Union (states that remained loyal to the federal union, or "the North") and the Confederacy (states that voted to secede, or "the South"). While the total death toll of the war is not fully known, it is generally agreed that it resulted in at least 1,030,000 casualties (3 percent of the population), including about 620,000 soldier deaths—two-thirds by disease—and 50,000 civilians. [1] Some experts, including Binghamton University historian J. David Hacker, estimate the number of soldier deaths was at least 750,000, and possibly as high as 850,000. [2] The Civil War remains the deadliest military conflict in American history.
During the first year of the war, both sides had many more volunteers than they had the time or resources to effectively train. However, this initial enthusiasm began to wane and both sides enacted conscription laws to amass more volunteers. In April 1862, the Confederacy passed a draft law aimed at men aged 18 to 35, with exemptions for overseers of slaves, government officials, and clergymen. [3] Three months later, the United States Congress authorized state militias to draft from local populations when they couldn't met their quotas with volunteers. In total, the Union Army had 2,200,000 soldiers, including 698,000 at their peak. The Confederacy had 750,000 to 1,000,000 soldiers, with a peak of 360,000. [4]
This list contains notable holders of political office who died as a result of their personal involvement in the Civil War, from both the Union and Confederate sides. Many of the politicians listed perished directly in battle, while others died because of the result of injuries sustained on the battlefield or smaller skirmishes, or as a result of the difficult circumstances they experienced as a soldier or prisoner of war. A few others were casualties of personal accidents or violence unrelated to battle. In addition to the offices they held and their allegiance during the war, this list also contains, when known, the politician's political party, profession, and circumstances surrounding their death.
The 2nd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It spent most of the war as a member of the famous Iron Brigade of the Army of the Potomac. It suffered the largest number of casualties as a percentage of its total enlistment of any Union Army unit in the war.
The 9th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
The 27th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment began organizing in August 1862 but recruiting problems delayed its entry into federal service until March 1863. Predominantly from the Lake Michigan shore counties of the state, the regiment was mainly composed of German immigrants. The 27th Wisconsin played a supporting role in the Siege of Vicksburg and participated in the capture of Little Rock, Arkansas during the year. The regiment served in the Little Rock garrison and saw its first serious combat in the Camden Expedition of 1864, during which it fought in the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry. The regiment was among the Union forces in the Mobile campaign in early 1865, and was involved in the Battle of Spanish Fort. Ending the war in the occupation of Texas, the regiment was mustered out in August before returning to Wisconsin.
The 38th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
The 44th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
The 50th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment was a volunteer infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
Thomas Scott Allen was an American printer, teacher, newspaper publisher, and politician. He served as the 9th Secretary of State of Wisconsin and served as a Union Army officer throughout the American Civil War, earning an honorary brevet rank of brigadier general. Before the war he also served a term in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Iowa County, and later in life he was publisher of the Oshkosh Northwestern newspaper.
David C. Yakey was an American farmer and Union Army volunteer in the American Civil War. He later served one term in the Wisconsin State Assembly.
William A. Hawley was a career United States Army officer, who served in the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. During the Civil War, he commanded the 3rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment and received an honorary brevet to the rank of brigadier general.
Frederick Solon Lovell was an American lawyer and politician. He was the 11th Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly, was a delegate to both Wisconsin constitutional conventions, and was a Union Army officer in the American Civil War.
David Goodrich James was an American businessman, tinner and Civil War veteran from Richland Center, Wisconsin. He represented the 28th district of the Wisconsin State Senate for four years (1909–1913) as a Republican, and served as a Union Army volunteer during the American Civil War. His brother Norman L. James represented the same district in the Wisconsin Senate.
Charles Henry Baxter was an American businessman, banker, and progressive Republican politician. He served eight years in the Wisconsin State Senate, representing Grant County and neighboring municipalities, and was the 7th mayor of Lancaster, Wisconsin. He also served as a Union Army officer in the American Civil War.
Peter Daane was a Dutch American immigrant, businessman, and Wisconsin pioneer. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing southern Sheboygan County during the 1873 session.
Otto Puhlman was a German American businessman and Democratic politician. He was the first mayor of Plymouth, Wisconsin, and served six additional terms as mayor. He represented much of western Sheboygan County in the Wisconsin State Assembly during the 1873 session. Earlier, he served as a Union Army officer in the American Civil War.
Michael J. Cantwell was an Irish American immigrant, printer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing the capital city of Madison in the 1885 and 1887 sessions. He also served as a Union Army officer through most of the American Civil War.
Svend Samuelson was a Norwegian American immigrant, farmer, and Republican politician. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Manitowoc County in the 1871 session.
David McKee was an American lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He served one term in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Grant County. He was killed at the Battle of Stones River in the American Civil War.
Asa Walton Farr was an American lawyer and politician. He was district attorney of Middlesex County, Massachusetts from 1851 to 1853. After leaving office, he moved to Wisconsin, where he represented Walworth County the Wisconsin State Assembly for one term. He served as a Union Army quartermaster officer during the American Civil War and was murdered by Confederate guerillas in the massacre at Baxter Springs.
Rollin M. Strong was an American businessman, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Sauk County, and was chief clerk of the Assembly for several years in the 1870s. During the American Civil War, he served as a Union Army officer. In historical documents, his name is usually abbreviated as R. M. Strong.
Marcus Trumer was an Austrian American immigrant and Democratic politician. He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for one term, representing southeast Dodge County in the 1871 session.