The sand goby, also known as a polewig or pollybait, is a species of ray-finned fish native to marine and brackish waters European waters from the Baltic Sea through the Mediterranean Sea and into the Black Sea where it occurs in sandy or muddy areas of inshore waters at depths of from 4 to 200 metres. This species can reach a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) TL. This species is sometimes kept in public aquariums. The sand goby is of a sandy colour, with darker markings on the sides and a creamy-white underside. In the breeding season the male fish has blue spot at the rear of the first dorsal fin, ringed with white. The fish has a slender body, and the head is about a quarter of the total length.
Pomatoschistus canestrinii, Canestrini's goby, is a species of goby native to fresh and brackish waters along the Adriatic coasts where it is known to occur from the Po delta, Italy to Neretva, Croatia. It has also been introduced in Lake Trasimeno, Italy. This species prefers areas with sand or mud substrates in lagoons, lakes and medium-sized to large-sized rivers. This species can reach a length of 5.5 centimetres (2.2 in) TL. The specific name honours the Italian biologist Giovanni Canestrini (1835-1900).
Pomatoschistus is a genus of gobies native to fresh, brackish and marine waters of Europe, the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Proterorhinus marmoratus is a species of gobiid fish, a tubenose goby native to the brackish water parts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, near the coasts of Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Ukraine and Russia. Also it is found in the Marmora Sea (Turkey). It can reach a length of 11.5 centimetres (4.5 in) TL.
The common goby is a species of ray-finned fish native to fresh and brackish waters along the Atlantic and Baltic Sea coasts of Europe and northern Africa, with a range stretching from Norway to Morocco and Mauritania. It is also found in the Canary Islands. This species reaches a maximum length of 9 centimetres (3.5 in) TL.
The painted goby is a small goby of Western European waters from Trondheim Fjord to Spain, the Canary Islands and is sometimes reported in the Mediterranean Sea. Also mentioned in the Black Sea. It lives at depths from 1 to 55 metres, preferring a gravelly or sandy environment. Its young may sometimes be found in tide pools. It feeds on amphipods and copepods.
Oxyurichthys microlepis, commonly known as the maned goby, is a species of goby native to tropical marine and brackish waters along the coasts of the Indian Ocean from Africa to the western Pacific Ocean where it occurs in estuaries and inshore waters to depths of about 75 metres (246 ft). It occurs in the Mekong Delta and is suspected to use the tidal flow up the river to reach as far inland as Cambodia. This species can reach a length of 13.5 centimetres (5.3 in) TL. It is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries and can also be found in the aquarium trade.
The western tubenose goby is a species of goby native to fresh waters of the Black Sea and Aegean Sea basins. It has recently spread as an invasive species to Central and Western Europe and to North America. Previously Proterorhinus semilunaris was considered as a junior synonym of Proterorhinus marmoratus, but was confirmed as a distinct species based on molecular analysis.
The stellate tadpole-goby is a species of gobiid fish native to the basin of the Sea of Azov where it occurs in the Gulf of Taganrog and limans of the eastern coast. It also lives in the lower Don River up to the Tsimlyansk Reservoir. It occurs in fresh and brackish waters of depths greater than 3 metres (9.8 ft), preferring shallow coastal lagoons and lowland rivers. Males can reach a length of 13.5 centimetres (5.3 in) TL while females only reach 11 centimetres (4.3 in) TL.
Pomatoschistus norvegicus, the Norway goby, is a species of goby native to the eastern Atlantic from Lofoten to the western English Channel and has also been recorded from the Mediterranean Sea. It occurs in offshore waters at depths of from 18 to 325 metres, being found on substrates of mud or coarse shell fragments. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL.
The golden goby is a species of goby from the family Gobiidae endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It prefers areas with rocky substrates at depths of from 5 to 80 metres with plentiful growth of algae and gorgonians. This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. Gobius xanthocephalus is the name that is applied to the populations of similar gobies in the eastern Atlantic and western Mediterranean which were previously considered to be G. auratus.
The yellow-headed goby is a species of goby native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean from northern Spain to Madeira and Canary Islands, and also in the Mediterranean Sea where it is found in inshore waters at depths of from 1 to 22 metres and can be found living under stones. This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL.
Pomatoschistus bathi is a species of goby native to the eastern Mediterranean and the Sea of Marmara where it occurs at depths of from 7 to 14 metres on substrates with a sand or mud component. This species can reach a length of 3 centimetres (1.2 in) TL. It is found in Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, with scattered records in southwestern France to Turkish Aegean Sea coast. The Bath's goby feeds on bosmiden, brine shrimps, lobster eggs, oyster eggs, zoobenthos and zooplankton. In 2013, it was listed as data deficient but was changed to Least Concern the following year because the population is thought to stable, it may be under-represented and there are no known threats. The specific name honours the German ichthyologist Hans Walter Bath (1924-2015).
Paraclinus marmoratus, the Marbled blenny, is a species of labrisomid blenny native to the western Atlantic Ocean including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea from southern Florida to Venezuela. This species can be found in shallow waters down to a depth of about 6 metres (20 ft) on coral reefs and in sea grass beds. It seems to show a particular association with the sponge Verongia fistularis. This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Gobius fallax, or Sarato's goby, is a species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea where it is found in inshore waters in locations with rocks and crevices for shelter at depths of from 0 to 32 metres. This species can reach a length of 9 centimetres (3.5 in) TL. There is a single record from the Canary Islands.
The slender goby is a species of goby endemic to the Mediterranean Sea where it can be found in inshore waters to a depth of about 30 metres (98 ft). It lives in areas with sandy or muddy substrates near beds of sea-grass. This species can reach a length of 16 centimetres (6.3 in) TL.
Pomatoschistus quagga, the Quagga goby, is a species of goby native to the western part of the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea. It occurs above soft substrates and in beds of eelgrass. This species can reach a length of 6 centimetres (2.4 in) TL.
Pomatoschistus tortonesei, Tortonese's goby, is a species of goby native to the Mediterranean Sea where it is known from Marsala, Sicily and the Farwah Lagoon in western Libya. This species occurs in shallow waters ranging in salinity from brackish to just slightly hypersaline. It prefers habitats with sandy substrates near to beds of seagrass. Its diet consists of small crustaceans and gastropods. It is threatened by the fragmentation and destruction of its preferred habitat by silting. The specific name honours the Italian zoologist Enrico Tortonése (1911-1987) of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova.
Pomatoschistus knerii, Kner's goby, is a species of goby native to the western basin of the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea. This species occurs in areas with soft substrates near to rocks or beds of seagrass. The specific name most likely honours the Austrian ichthyologist Rudolf Kner (1810-1869), who was a friend of the author Franz Steindachner.
Pomatoschistus lozanoi, Lozano's goby, is a species of goby native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean from the North Sea to northwestern Spain and Portugal where it can be found at depths of from 70 to 80 metres. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL and is known to live for only two years. The specific name honours the Spanish zoologist Luis Lozano Rey (1878-1958).
