The NBC television network's owned-and-operated television stations group was initially formed by as "NBC Television Stations Division (TVSD)".
WNBT (now known as WNBC) in New York City, the oldest continuously operating commercial television station in the United States, first came on the air on July 1, 1941.[5]
NBC then established four other owned-and-operated stations: WNBW (now WRC-TV) in Washington, D.C. in 1947, WNBQ (now WMAQ-TV) in Chicago and WNBK (now WKYC) in Cleveland in 1948, and KNBH (now KNBC) in Los Angeles in 1949. In May 1955, NBC agreed to trade WNBK and WTAM-AM-FM to Westinghouse in return for KYW radio and WPTZ television in Philadelphia.[6] Although Cleveland was a top-10 television and radio market at the time, NBC had long wanted to "trade up" its holdings to a larger market. Also, Philadelphia was the largest market in which it did not own a station. The swap became official on January 22, 1956, as NBC moved its operations (including much of its Cleveland staff) to Philadelphia, with WPTZ becoming WRCV-TV.[7] Westinghouse took over the WNBK/WTAM operation and changed its call letters to KYW-AM-FM-TV on February 13, 1956.[8] NBC re-assumed control of the Cleveland stations on June 19, 1965. Instead of restoring the previous WNBK and WTAM identities, the stations' new call letters became WKYC-AM-FM-TV, mostly as a nod to Westinghouse's stewardship of the stations.[9] NBC would later sell off the WKYC radio stations in 1972,[10] 51 percent of WKYC-TV in 1990,[11] and then the remaining 49 percent in 1999.
With the FCC encouraging the networks to expand their owned-and-operated holdings to include UHF stations, NBC purchased WBUF in Buffalo, New York, in 1955 and WKNB (now WVIT) in New Britain, Connecticut, in 1956.[12][13] The network then renamed WKNB to WNBC (for New Britain, Connecticut) in 1957.[14][15] But with UHF being not viable for broadcasting at the time (due to the fact that most television sets of the time were not equipped with UHF tuners), NBC shut down WBUF in 1958 and then sold the New Britain station in 1959.[16][17] NBC would then re-purchase the station in New Britain, the present-day WVIT, in 1997.[18][19]
General Electric bought NBC in 1986, resulting in GE's station in Denver, KCNC-TV, becoming part of NBC's owned-and-operated stations group. One year later, NBC won a bidding war to acquire WTVJ, the then-CBS affiliate in Miami.[20] NBC had been unhappy with its longtime affiliate WSVN for heavily preempting the network's daytime lineup. However, both WTVJ's and WSVN's respective affiliation contracts with CBS and NBC did not expire until December 31, 1988. As a result, NBC faced the prospect of having to run WTVJ as a CBS affiliate for over a year. This did not sit well with either NBC or CBS, and both approached WSVN's parent Sunbeam Television about ending the station's NBC affiliation contract early. However, Sunbeam balked because they did not want to lose NBC's strong lineup of sports programming that year, including the 1988 Summer Olympics. In the aftermath, WTVJ became an NBC owned-and-operated television station, CBS took over ownership of WCIX (now WFOR-TV),[21] and WSVN took over the Fox affiliation from WCIX. Also in 1987, General Electric transferred both KCNC-TV and WTVJ from General Electric Property Management to NBC itself, becoming an owned-and-operated TV station.[22]
In 1994, NBC took over majority control of KUTV in Salt Lake City.[23] That same year, the Fox Broadcasting Company agreed to a multi-year, multi-station affiliation deal with New World Communications, resulting in most of New World's stations switching to Fox. This set off the 1994–1996 United States broadcast TV realignment, a chain of affiliation changes across the country and other multi-station affiliation deals for the next couple of years. In Philadelphia, Westinghouse Broadcasting's affiliate deal with CBS resulted in a three-way transaction between Westinghouse, CBS, and NBC in 1995. Westinghouse's Philadelphia station KYW-TV switched from NBC to CBS. CBS traded its previous Philadelphia station, WCAU-TV, to NBC in return for KCNC in Denver and KUTV in Salt Lake City, while KUSA and KSL-TV affiliated with NBC. The swap in Philadelphia was delayed when CBS discovered it would face a massive capital gains tax bill if it sold WCAU to NBC outright.[24]
In 1996, NBC bought the broadcasting holdings of The Outlet Company, bringing WCMH in Columbus, Ohio, WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, and WNCN in Goldsboro, North Carolina into the fold. NBC also made a 1996 deal with New World to acquire KNSD in San Diego and WVTM-TV in Birmingham, Alabama.
In 1997, NBC and LIN Television Corporation formed Station Venture Holdings with LIN's KXAS in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex and NBC's KNSD.[25] As part of the deal, LIN sold a controlling interest in KXAS to NBC, and NBC contributed KNSD to the resulting partnership.
In the San Francisco Bay Area, NBC had long sought to buy its affiliate KRON from the deYoung family, publishers of the San Francisco Chronicle, but the deYoungs turned down NBC's offers each time. In 1999, the deYoung family announced the liquidation of their assets,[26] and thus the network jumped into the bidding war for KRON. NBC was seen as the frontrunner, but it was outbid at the last minute by Young Broadcasting.[27][28] NBC president and chief executive officerBob Wright had previously warned that if NBC did not succeed in buying KRON, it would require any prospective buyer to uphold specific terms if it wanted to retain the NBC affiliation.[29][30] After Young won the bidding, NBC demanded yearly payments of $10 million from Young, a form of reverse compensation, instead of the then-normal mode of networks paying their affiliates.[31] Rather than give in to NBC's demands, Young decided not to renew KRON's affiliation contract, which was set to expire at the beginning of 2002. KNTV then approached NBC with a proposal to pay $37 million annually to become the network's affiliate.[32] NBC would then buy KNTV outright in December 2001 just before KRON's affiliation ended.[33]
In 2004, Vivendi Universal Entertainment (a division of the French company Vivendi Universal, now Vivendi), decided to sell an 80% stake to NBC's parent company, General Electric. The sale and resulting merger formed NBC Universal. The new company was 80% owned by GE, and 20% owned by Vivendi.[34] The television divisions of NBC and Universal Television were combined to form NBC Universal Television.
In 2006, NBC Universal sold four of its smaller-market owned-and-operated stations (WVTM, WNCN, WCMH, and WJAR) to Media General.[35][36][37]
NBC Local Media
In November 2007, TVSD changed its name to NBC Local Media.
In March 2008, Local Media decided to focus on growing websites and the top ten market stations, placing WTVJ in Miami and WVIT in Hartford up for sale.[38]Post-Newsweek Stations agreed to buy WTVJ,[39] which would have created a duopoly between WTVJ and Post-Newsweek-owned WPLG. However, FCC ownership rules prohibited the ownership of two of the four highest-rated television stations in a single market in terms of overall audience share. With the lack of FCC approval and the poor economic conditions at the time, the WTVJ sale was canceled.[40] WVIT also remained unsold.[41]
LXTV was acquired in January 2008 by Local Media[42] followed in March by the purchase of Skycastle Entertainment, Local Media's former outside sales and marketing firm.[43] After NBC Weather Plus was shut down in late 2008, WNBC launched a replacement programming of local information, news and livestyle as NBC New York Nonstop in March 2009 using LXTV programs.[44] In January 2009, Local Media and Fox Television Stations set up a local news sharing service starting with their Philadelphia stations after testing since the summer of 2008. Footage will be made available to other local media.[45] On July 29, 2009, NBC Local Integrated Media replaced the standard station extension websites with city centric websites using nbccity.com web addresses.[46]
In February 2010, the NBC stations launched a new website, theFeast.com, a restaurant news, blog and aggregate critic feature.[47] Additional vertical websites were also launched including The Goods and The 20. Stations are encouraged by Local Media to develop their own specialized websites. The 20 is for the top special interest articles and the Goods is a group buying website launched in May.[48]
In late 2010 and early 2011, eight more NBC O&O stations adopted the Nonstop digital subchannel format including the three California as one network. Each stations' Nonstop subchannel has eight hours of local programming along with core programming from affiliated production companies, LXTV: Talk Stoop, First Look and Open House.[49]
NBC Owned Television Stations
In Summer 2011, the company started to sell national advertising on behalf of affiliated cable channel, New England Cable News (NECN).[50] In June, Local Media's new president. Valari Staab. renamed the company to NBC Owned Television Stations (NBCOTS).[1]
On November 3, 2011, NBCOTS announced that its seven local Nonstop subchannels would become a single national network, Nonstop Network. The Network will also add its stations that currently do not have a Nonstop subchannel and beyond to other markets.[51] An NBC executive indicated that the independent formatted Nonstop channels were doing well but needed separate 24/7 programming. The Network will have daytime retro reruns and evening lifestyle shows. Local stations will be able to pre-empt the national programming. By July 2012, NBC was also considering renaming the Network to "Bob TV" or some other name.[52]
With Comcast purchasing controlling interest from GE of NBCUniversal in 2011, NBC stations were required by the Federal Communications Commission to develop partnership agreements with nonprofit news organizations.[48] TheFeast website was transferred to NBCU affiliate DailyCandy.com in November.[53] In December, four NBC stations indicated their non-profit news partners with the partnership modeled after KNSD and Voice of San Diego's preexisting one.[54]
With the success of the NECN advertising partnership in April 2012, the division and the Comcast Sports Group extended the partnership nationwide with four additional markets where there are both a Comcast SportsNet channel and an NBC-owned station (New England, Mid-Atlantic, Northwest, and Philadelphia).[50] On October 24, 2012, NBCOTS announced it will relaunch the NBC Nonstop network as Cozi TV, which will feature classic TV shows, movies and, original programming.[55]
In February 2013, LIN Media pulled out of its Station Venture Operations joint venture with NBCUniversal as part of a corporate reorganization, giving NBCUniversal 100% ownership of the venture's two stations, KNSD and KXAS-TV.[56]
In July 2013, NBCOTS and Telemundo's owned-and-operated station group were brought together under a newly formed division called NBCUniversal Owned Television Stations, headed by NBC TV Station president Valari Staab, and NECN was transferred into NBC Stations.[2] In 2014, WKAQ, the Telemundo-owned station in San Juan, Puerto Rico, began airing a simulcast of New York City sister station WNBC on one of its digital sub-channels with the branding of NBC Puerto Rico,[57] making WKAQ also a de facto NBC-owned station (under NBCUniversal's corporate structure, WKAQ remains as part of the Telemundo-owned stations group instead of NBCOTS).
With four NBC-owned stations already airing 4 p.m. newscasts, WNBC, KNBC, WTVJ, and WVIT also added 4 p.m. newscasts in May 2016.[58]As of 2020[update], KNTV is the only NBC-owned station that does not have its own 4 p.m. news; however, it added a 4:30 p.m. newscast in September 2022.
On January 7, 2016, NBCOTS announced that it would launch an NBC-owned station in Boston, NBC Boston, on January 1, 2017, replacing affiliate WHDH.[59] It was originally rumored that NBC would air primary on a WNEU channel, however on November 1, it was announced that NBC would use Boston-area translator WBTS-LD (acquired from WNEU's former operator ZGS Communications), with WNEU airing NBC Boston on its DT2 channel for the New Hampshire side of the DMA.[60][61][62] After the FCC's 2016 spectrum auction, NBCOTS purchased the former WYCN-CD license which now had channel-sharing rights with WGBX yielding strong coverage in the Boston market, then reshuffled programming across NBCOTS and Telemundo Station Group assets in eastern New England, leaving NBC programming on the new WBTS-CD and returning the WNEU and WYCN-LD licenses primarily to Spanish-language programming.
Stations
Stations are listed in alphabetical order by state and city of license.
Gray background indicates a low-power station.
(**) – Indicates station was built and signed on by NBC.
Station Venture Holdings, LLC was a joint venture between NBC and LIN Television Corporation[66] that operated two NBC-affiliated television stations, KNSD and KXAS-TV.[67] These stations under the joint venture were still considered owned-and-operated stations, as NBC held a majority stake in the venture.[68] WBTS-LD (now Telemundo station WYCN-LD) was added to this venture in November 2016 as the licensee for that station.
History
The venture began in 1997 when LIN sold a controlling interest in KXAS to NBC, and NBC contributed KNSD to the resulting partnership. Owing to their controlling stake in the partnership, NBC took operational control of both stations.[25] In February 2013, LIN pulled out of the joint venture with NBCUniversal as part of a corporate reorganization, giving NBC full ownership of KXAS and KNSD. LIN paid NBC around $100 million to allow for the transaction.[56] The stations remain under this name for FCC licensing purposes, along with WYCN-LD.
1 2 3 4 This station was either purchased, divested or had a license swap as part of a wide-ranging September 10, 1995, trade between NBC and Westinghouse Broadcasting/CBS.
↑ Licensed as a low-power station but broadcasts over the full-power spectrum of WGBX-TV via a channel sharing agreement.[64][65]
↑ Allocation now used by PBS member station WNED-TV.
↑ NBC sold controlling interest (51 percent) of WKYC-TV in 1990, with the remainder sold in 2001.
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↑ "NBC, WBC trade properties in Cleveland, Philadelphia." Broadcasting, May 23, 1955, pp. 65–66, 68. "Archived copy"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on August 24, 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)"Archived copy"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on August 24, 2015. Retrieved August 6, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
1These stations are owned by Mission Broadcasting but operated by Nexstar under an LMA. 2These stations are owned by Londen Media Group but operated by Nexstar under a TBA. 3These stations are owned by Vaughan Media but operated by Nexstar under an LMA. 4TelevisaUnivision USA owns the licenses to these stations but the stations themselves are operated by Entravision Communications under an LMA.
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