Newborough
| |
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the A4080 in Newborough with Snowdonia in the background | |
Location within Anglesey | |
Population | 839 (2021) |
OS grid reference | SH425655 |
Community | |
Principal area | |
Preserved county | |
Country | Wales |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | LLANGEFNI |
Postcode district | LL61 |
Dialling code | 01248 |
Police | North Wales |
Fire | North Wales |
Ambulance | Welsh |
UK Parliament | |
Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament | |
Newborough (Welsh : Niwbwrch) is a village in the southern corner of the Isle of Anglesey in Wales. It is a part of the Bro Aberffraw electoral ward; to the northwest is Aberffraw, and to the northeast is Llanfairpwll. There is a church in the village, and a public institute. Nearby is the Newborough Warren, a forest, beach, and public nature reserve.
In medieval Gwynedd, Rhosyr was the royal demesne (Welsh : maerdref) and seat of governance for the commote of Menai. [1] [2] The location was a residence for the Princes of Gwynedd. There is a ruined court building of Llys Rhosyr (Rhosyr court) lying on the outskirts of the present village, the royal court (Welsh : llys brenhinol) dates from 1237 and was in use for less than a century. The building was the inspiration and model for the reconstruction of a court at St. Fagans Museum, Cardiff. [3] [4]
Newborough gained its current name when the town was founded by citizens of Llanfaes in eastern Anglesey, they were evicted by Edward I in 1294 to promote his new port of Beaumaris. It was established as a "new borough", and gained its charter in 1303. Before the changes, the town was called Rhôs Vair. The charter was renewed by successive Kings between the 14th to 19th centuries, and the borough produced the role of a Burgess, the individual was given privileges from the Crown and would negotiate the Royal charter with the King of England in his parliament. Around 1489, in the reign of Henry VII of England, the county of Anglesey's court sessions (assizes) was moved to the town after 250 years in Beaumaris Castle, thus giving Newborough a member of parliament and making it the county town of Anglesey. Then in 1550, the main court of Anglesey and all related county business was returned to Beaumaris. [3] [4]
Newborough's warren was home to a thriving marram grass industry; this grass was used to produce matting, nets, and rope. [1] [4] In 1814, Newborough's status as a Royal chartered borough of King George III was abolished after the resignation of the town mayor. The ending of the town's charter affected the people negatively and forced the closure of common land for grazing animals, and the town fell into a state of "severe deprivation", and the land was taken by the crown. The neighbouring town of Llanddwyn was incorporated into Newborough. [4]
A famous resident was John Morgan, a blind musician who played the crwth in the village. [4]
Today, the village gives its name to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Newborough of the Welsh Wynn family. [4]
In 2019, the village opened a new Welsh-speaking primary school, Ysgol Santes Dwynwen. [5]
The village is in the Bro Aberffraw electoral ward on Anglesey, the area represents the south-west of the island. [6]
In the village is St Peter's Church. The place of worship dates from the 14th century, with additions in the 15th and 16th centuries. The building was restored in 1850 and extended in 1886. [7]
The Prichard Jones Institute was built in 1902–1905. ("Institute" is a common Welsh term for a community hall: y stiwt.) The Neo-Tudor institute with a clock tower was designed by Roland Lloyd Jones and completed for £20,000 (equivalent to £2,200,000in 2019). [1] [8] The Institute appeared on the BBC2 programme, Restoration , in 2006. There are six single-storey cottage homes attached to the institute; they were gifted to the village by Sir John Prichard-Jones, after whom the building was named; he was born in Newborough. Sir John served as an apprentice draper in Caernarfon, then moved to London to work at Dickins, Smith and Stevens. [1] [9] Pritchard-Jones was eventually appointed as chairman of the Dickins & Jones department store in London, to which he gave his name. [10]
The village and its environs provide walking opportunities for visitors, including at Newborough Warren, one of the largest areas of dunes in the British Isles, and Newborough Forest, a 2,000-acre (800 ha) woodland. Much of the area around Newborough is a nature reserve, popular with those interested in geology, botany, birds, and other wildlife. [1] [11] [12]
There is a large sandy Blue Flag beach at Llanddwyn, which provides access to Ynys Llanddwyn. On the island are the ruins of a church which is said to have been dedicated to the Welsh Saint Dwynwen in the year 465. She was the patron of the Welsh Valentines Day (Welsh : Dydd Santes Dwynwen). The church was built in the 16th century on a mile-long promontory on the beach. [4] [1] [13] The beach is also a popular kitesurfing location. [14]
Just outside the village is Tacla Taid ("Grandpa's stuff"), the Anglesey Transport and Agriculture Museum, the largest of its kind in Wales. [15]
The village of Newborough is in the community (and former electoral ward) of Rhosyr, which had a population of 2,169 in 2001, [16] increasing to 2,226 at the 2011 census. [17]
Historically the population of the village grew from 599 in 1801 to 934 in 1971. By 1831, there were 187 males over 20 years old; of these, 62 were farmworkers. [18] In 2011, the village had a population of 892 of whom 68% were born in Wales. [19] As of the 2021 census, Newborough has a population of 839. [20]
Beaumaris is a town and community on the Isle of Anglesey in Wales, of which it is the former county town of Anglesey. It is located at the eastern entrance to the Menai Strait, the tidal waterway separating Anglesey from the coast of North Wales. At the 2021 census, its population was 1,121. The community includes Llanfaes.
Aberffraw is a village and community on the south west coast of the Isle of Anglesey in Wales. The village is 9 miles from the island's capital, Llangefni, and is located is on the west bank of the Afon Ffraw. The community includes Soar and Dothan. Located near the A4080 and the nearest rail station is Bodorgan.
Ynys Llanddwyn is a small tidal island off the west coast of Anglesey, northwest Wales. The nearest settlement is the village of Newborough.
Saint Dwynwen, sometimes known as, is the Welsh patron saint of lovers. She is celebrated throughout Wales on 25 January.
Newborough Warren near the village of Newborough (Niwbwrch) in Anglesey, Wales, is a large dune and beach system of 2,269 hectares, approximately half of which is a conifer plantation. The whole area is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest and all of the site except the forestry is a national nature reserve.
The Anglesey Football League was a football league in Anglesey, Wales, and was equivalent to the sixth level of the Welsh football league system in North Wales. The champions were promoted to the Gwynedd League.
The Anglesey Coastal Path is a 200-kilometre (124 mi) long-distance footpath around the island of Anglesey in North Wales. The route is part of the Wales Coast Path.
The Isle of Anglesey County Council is the local authority for the Isle of Anglesey, a principal area with county status in Wales. Since 2022 the council has 35 councillors who represent 11 multi-member electoral wards.
Sir John Prichard-Jones, 1st Baronet was a self-made Welsh business man of the Victorian and Edwardian era. His main business was the London West End department store Dickins & Jones.
Llys Rhosyr, also known as "Cae Llys", is an archaeological site near Newborough in Anglesey; the ruins of a pre-Edwardian commotal court.
Rhosyr is a community in the far southern corner of Anglesey, Wales. It includes the villages of Dwyran and Newborough, Llangeinwen and Llangaffo.
Llanfaes is a small village on the island of Anglesey, Wales, located on the shore of the eastern entrance to the Menai Strait, the tidal waterway separating Anglesey from the north Wales coast. Its natural harbour made it an important medieval port and it was briefly the capital of the kingdom of Gwynedd. Following Prince Madoc's Rebellion, Edward I removed the Welsh population from the town and rebuilt the port a mile to the south at Beaumaris. It is in the community of Beaumaris.
Aberffraw was one of the three medieval cantrefs on the island of Anglesey, north Wales, in the Kingdom of Gwynedd as a cadet branch, named the House of Aberffraw. It lay on the western side of the island on Caernarfon Bay. Its administrative centre was Aberffraw, the ancient seat of the Princes of Gwynedd. In the 1300s, it was ruled by viceroys from the lineage of Hwfa ap Cynnddelw who represented Anglesey in the parliament of 1327 regarding the deposition of Edward II of England.
The Isle of Anglesey is a county off the north-west coast of Wales. It is named after the island of Anglesey, which makes up 94% of its area, but also includes Holy Island and some islets and skerries. The county borders Gwynedd across the Menai Strait to the southeast, and is otherwise surrounded by the Irish Sea. Holyhead is the largest town, and the administrative centre is Llangefni. The county is part of the preserved county of Gwynedd.
Dwyran is a village on the island of Anglesey, in north-west Wales, in the community of Rhosyr. Population 2011 census was 603. The first prototype Land Rover off-road vehicle was built and tested around Dwyran and Newborough, Anglesey in 1947. Maurice Wilks designer of the Land Rover is buried just outside Dwyran village.
The Isle of Anglesey electoral boundary changes in 2012 reduced the numbers of electoral wards to the Isle of Anglesey County Council from 40 to 11. This led to the postponement of local government elections in the county by 12 months. The changes were confirmed by the Isle of Anglesey Order 2012 in October 2012.
Bro Aberffraw is an electoral ward in the southern corner of Anglesey, Wales. It comprises the three communities of Aberffraw, Bodorgan and Rhosyr. Canolbarth Môn elects two county councillors to the Isle of Anglesey County Council.
Rhosyr was the name of one of the three medieval cantrefs on the island of Anglesey, north Wales, in the Kingdom of Gwynedd. It lay on the southern side of the island facing the Menai Strait which separates Anglesey from the mainland.