Plaza de Roma | |
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Public square | |
Plaza de Roma is dominated by the Manila Cathedral, the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila. | |
Location | Andrés Soriano Avenue, Intramuros Manila, Philippines |
Coordinates: 14°35′32″N120°58′23″E / 14.59222°N 120.97306°E |
Plaza de Roma, also known as Plaza Roma, is one of three major public squares in Intramuros, Manila. It is bounded by Andres Soriano Avenue (formerly Calle Aduana) to the north, Cabildo Street to the east, Santo Tomas Street to the south, and General Antonio Luna Street (formerly Calle Real del Palacio) to the west. The plaza is considered to be the center of Intramuros.
Plaza de Roma is also the location of the Book Stop Intramuros, a local unit of The Book Stop Project. [1]
During Spanish colonial times, the plaza was the Plaza Mayor of Manila, and was considered the center of the city. Bullfights and other public events were held in the plaza until Governor-General Rafael Maria de Aguilar converted it into a garden in 1797. [2] It was often referred to as the Plaza de Armas, not to be confused with the Plaza de Armas inside Fort Santiago, during this time. [3]
In 1901, with the start of American rule, the plaza was renamed Plaza McKinley, after U.S. President William McKinley, who authorized the colonization of the Philippines by the United States. The plaza was given its current name in 1961, following the elevation of Rufino Santos to the College of Cardinals of the Catholic Church as the first Filipino cardinal. [3] In recognition of this, the city of Rome reciprocated by renaming one of its squares Piazzale Manila. [2]
Its current configuration as a garden does not allow Plaza de Roma to function as a public square, like Plaza Miranda and Plaza Moriones. The Intramuros Administration plans to revert the square to its appearance in the Spanish Era. [4]
Plaza de Roma is surrounded by three important landmarks of Intramuros: the Manila Cathedral to the south, the Palacio del Gobernador to the west, and the Casas Consistoriales, also known as the Ayuntamiento de Manila, to the east. The Real Audiencia of Manila was located in proximity to the plaza during Spanish rule. [5]
Eastern side | ||
Northern side | Southern side | |
Building | Ayuntamiento de Manila [Casas Consistoriales] (Bureau of the Treasury) | Buildings |
Shipping Center Building | King Charles IV Monument | Manila Cathedral |
Fire Station/Philippine National Bank | Palacio del Gobernador (Intramuros Administration) | Parking Lot |
Western side |
At the center of Plaza de Roma is a monument to Charles IV of Spain which was erected in 1824 [3] in his honor for having sent the first batch of smallpox vaccine to the Philippines. [2] A fountain surrounding the monument was erected in 1886. [3] In the 1960s, the monument was replaced with a monument dedicated to the Gomburza. [6]
In 1978, President Ferdinand Marcos ordered the restoration of the Plaza de Roma along with other sites in Intramuros. [7] The work was completed by the then-newly established Intramuros Administration in 1980 [2] and the original Charles IV was re-installed in the plaza in 1981. The Gomburza monument was relocated to the site fronting the National Art Gallery Building of the National Museum. [3]
The Plaza Roma is also the location of the Book Stop Intramuros, a local unit of The Book Stop Project. [1]
Intramuros is the 0.67-square-kilometer (0.26 sq mi) historic walled area within the city of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It is administered by the Intramuros Administration with the help of the city government of Manila.
The gates of Intramuros refer to the original eight gates of the Walled City of Intramuros in Manila, built during the Spanish colonial era in the Philippines. The gates are called by the original Spanish word for "gate", puerta.
The Royal and Conciliar San Carlos Seminary is the archdiocesan seminary of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila. It was established in the year 1702, by decree of King Philip V of Spain. At present, the institution houses seminarians belonging to various dioceses in Luzon, particularly from the Metro Manila region.
The Universidad de San Ignacio was a university in the city of Manila which existed during the Spanish colonial era in the Philippines. It was founded in 1590 and is one of the earliest educational institutions built by Europeans in East Asia when it was established by Spanish Jesuits headed by Fr. Antonio Sedeño, S.J. The school ceased its existence following the expulsion of the Jesuits in the archipelago in 1768.
The Plaza de Armas is a public square in Intramuros, Manila. The central plaza of Fort Santiago, it is one of three major plazas in Intramuros, the others being the central Plaza de Roma outside the fort grounds, and Plaza Moriones, a larger plaza outside Fort Santiago which was once a military promenade before it was closed in the 1863 earthquake that devastated Manila. While Plaza Moriones is outside the walls of Fort Santiago, both plazas are often misconstrued for the other.
Plaza Calderón de la Barca is a major public square in Binondo, Manila, bounded by Quintin Paredes Street to the east and Juan Luna Street to the west, parallel to the Estero de Binondo. It is the plaza that fronts the Minor Basilica of San Lorenzo Ruiz, one of the main churches of the City of Manila, and is considered the center of Binondo as a whole.
The Ayuntamiento de Manila is a building located at the corner of Andrés Soriano Avenue and Cabildo Street, fronting Plaza de Roma in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. Also known as the Casas Consistoriales and also nicknamed as the Marble Palace, the Ayuntamiento was the seat of the Manila City Council, which consisted of two alcaldes, eight oidores (judges), a clerk, and a chief constable. Destroyed in World War II and reconstructed thereafter, the building now houses the offices of the Bureau of the Treasury.
The Anda Monument, often erroneously referred to as the Anda Circle after the roundabout it is currently located, is an obelisk monument situated in the boundary of Intramuros and Port Area in central Manila, Philippines. It was erected in honor of Simón de Anda y Salazar, the Governor General of the Philippines from 1770 to 1776. The Anda Circle, the roundabout, is an interchange system at the junction of Bonifacio Drive, Mel Lopez Boulevard, Andres Soriano Avenue, and Roberto Oca Street.
Colegio de Santa Rosa - Manila is a private Catholic school run by the Congregation of the Augustinian Recollect Sisters in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. It was established on August 30, 1750 as the Beaterio y Casa de Segunda Enseñanza by Mother Paula de la Santissima Trinidad to educate the young Spanish - Filipino women. It was originally an All Girls school until the early 2000 when it converted to a co-ed educational institution. It acquired its present name on 1774 but was also known by several other names including Colegio de Madre Paula and Beaterio y Casa de Enseñanza.
San Ignacio Church in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines, was designed for the Jesuits by architect Félix Roxas Sr., and completed in 1899. It was known as their "Golden Dream" but was destroyed during World War II. Its interiors, embellished with carvings, had been designed by Isabelo Tampinco.
Plaza Mexico is a historic riverside square in Manila, Philippines, located at the west end of Magallanes Drive and Riverside Drive in Intramuros bordering the Pasig River in the north. It is surrounded by the Aduana Building on the south, the Bureau of Immigration Building on the east and the ruins of the Bastión de Maestranza and Puerta de Almacenes on the west. The Pasig River Ferry has a station also named Plaza Mexico located northeast of the square behind the Immigration building. The square was named Plaza Mexico in 1964 to commemorate the 4th centenary of the expedition of Miguel López de Legazpi and Andres de Urdaneta from New Spain (Mexico) and the historic Manila-Acapulco galleon trade relations between the two nations that lasted 250 years.
Plaza de España, also known simply as Plaza España, is a diminutive open space in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines formed by the intersection of Andres Soriano Avenue, Solana Street and Muralla Street. It is a triangular "square" which features a monument to King Philip II of Spain after whom the Philippines was named. The square is one of 47 parks and plazas in the City of Manila maintained by the city's Park Development Office in partnership with the Intramuros Administration. It is surrounded by the Aduana Building, the BPI Intramuros building which replaced the old Santo Domingo Church destroyed during World War II, and the Banco Filipino condominium building built on a portion of the old Ayuntamiento de Manila.
The following is an alphabetical list of articles related to the Philippine capital region of Metro Manila.
The Palacio del Gobernador is a government building located in Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. It is located southwest from Plaza de Roma and built in its current form in 1976. At present, the building houses the Intramuros Administration, the Commission on Elections and the Home Development Mutual Fund National Capital Region Office. It also previously housed the Bureau of the Treasury until it relocated across Plaza de Roma to the Ayuntamiento de Manila.
Old Town of Cáceres is a historic walled city in Cáceres, Spain.
The Intramuros Administration (IA) is an agency of the Department of Tourism of the Philippines that is mandated to orderly restore, administer, and develop the historic walled area of Intramuros that is situated within the modern City of Manila as well as to insure that the 16th- to 19th-century Philippine-Spanish architecture remains the general architectural style of the walled area.
Plaza Moriones is a public square in Intramuros, Manila. Located in front of the entrance to Fort Santiago, it is one of three major plazas in Intramuros, the others being Plaza de Roma located beyond the fort's grounds, and the Plaza de Armas located inside the fort, to which it is often misconstrued for.
The Benavides Monument is a memorial in the University of Santo Tomas in Manila, Philippines built to commemorate the founder of the University of Santo Tomas, Miguel de Benavides. Located in the Plaza Benavides in front of the UST Main Building, the monument consists of a bronze statue of Benavides rising on top of a granite pedestal. The present monument was unveiled in 1946.
The Carlos IV monument is a monument in Plaza de Roma, Intramuros, Manila dedicated to Spanish king Charles IV.
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