The Muroidea are a large superfamily of rodents, including mice, rats, voles, hamsters, gerbils, and many other relatives. They occupy a vast variety of habitats on every continent except Antarctica. Some authorities have placed all members of this group into a single family, Muridae, due to difficulties in determining how the subfamilies are related to one another. The following taxonomy is based on recent well-supported molecular phylogenies.
Gerbillinae is one of the subfamilies of the rodent family Muridae, it includes the gerbils, jirds and sand rats. Once known as desert rats, the subfamily includes about 110 species of African, Indian, and Asian rodents, including sand rats and jirds, all of which are adapted to arid habitats. Most are primarily active during the day, making them diurnal, and almost all are omnivorous.
Cheesman's gerbil is a small rodent in the subfamily Gerbillinae of the family Muridae. It is distributed mainly in Arabian Peninsula to southwestern Iran. It has orange-brown fur, white underparts, large eyes and a very long tail.
The suborder Myomorpha contains 1,137 species of mouse-like rodents, nearly a quarter of all mammal species. Included are mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters, lemmings, and voles. They are grouped according to the structure of their jaws and molar teeth. They are characterized by their myomorphous zygomasseteric system, which means that both their medial and lateral masseter muscles are displaced forward, making them adept at gnawing. As in the hystricognathous rodents, the medial masseter muscle goes through the eye socket, a feature unique among mammals. Myomorphs are found worldwide in almost all land habitats. They are usually nocturnal seed-eaters.
Percival's spiny mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, and Uganda. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and rocky areas. It is one of two known species of mammals, the other being Acomys kempi, capable of completely regenerating damaged tissue, including hair follicles, skin, sweat glands, fur and cartilage.
The ammodile, walo or Somali gerbil is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus Ammodillus. It is found in Ethiopia and Somalia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Przewalski's gerbil or Przewalski's jird is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus Brachiones, and is found only in China.
The Cape short-eared gerbil is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus Desmodillus. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Its natural habitats are hot deserts and temperate desert.
The North African gerbil is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in North Africa where its natural habitats are arable land and rocky areas of the Maghreb, and hot Saharan deserts.
Dipodillus is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae. It is sometimes classified as a subgenus of the genus Gerbillus. It contains the following species:
Gerbillurus is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae. It contains the following species:
The Namib brush-tailed gerbil or Setzer's hairy-footed gerbil is a species of rodent endemic to Angola and Namibia. Its natural habitats are sandy and gravelly plains. It stays in its burrow by day, emerging at night to feed on arthropods, vegetable matter, and seeds.
Mackilligin's gerbil also known as Mackilligin's dipodil, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It occurs in the southeastern deserts of Egypt and probably in nearby Sudan. It has been grouped with Dipodillus nanus, but is now considered specifically distinct.
The Large Aden gerbil is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Saudi Arabia and Yemen.
The rupicolous gerbil is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Mali. Its natural habitats are dry savanna and rocky areas.
The Somali pygmy gerbil is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus Microdillus. It is found only in Somalia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
The Indian gerbil also known as "antelope rat", is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
Gerbilliscus is a genus of rodent in the subfamily Gerbillinae (gerbils) of the family Muridae. It contains the following species, all native to Africa:
