History
Robbins was incorporated on December 14, 1917 [3] [4] and named for Eugene S. Robbins, a real estate developer who laid out the village's early subdivisions. [5] The village's founder and first mayor was Thomas J. Kellar, who noted in an early interview "Our people in Robbins are mostly people who got tired of the white fights and the crowded city. They come out here to raise chickens, make gardens, and be a little more free". [6] Robbins was the only municipality in the north that was entirely governed by African-Americans. [7] Kellar, who was a clerk for the Cook County Board of Assessors, was tasked with investigating the procedures of incorporation. Thomas J. Kellar School in Robbins was named in his honor and first opened for the 1954 school year. [8]
After incorporation the community became a popular recreation spot for black Chicagoans, who crowded its picnic grounds and nightclubs on summer weekends. [9] [10]
Demographics
Robbins village, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 [15] | Pop 2010 [13] | Pop 2020 [14] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|
| White alone (NH) | 156 | 117 | 240 | 2.35% | 2.19% | 5.18% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 6,288 | 4,990 | 3,908 | 94.77% | 93.50% | 84.42% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 8 | 11 | 2 | 0.12% | 0.21% | 0.04% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 4 | 6 | 10 | 0.06% | 0.11% | 0.22% |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 11 | 1 | 20 | 0.17% | 0.02% | 0.43% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 39 | 37 | 103 | 0.59% | 0.69% | 2.23% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 129 | 175 | 346 | 1.94% | 3.28% | 7.47% |
| Total | 6,635 | 5,337 | 4,629 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2020 census [16] there were 4,629 people, 1,551 households, and 951 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,194.62 inhabitants per square mile (1,233.45/km2). There were 1,887 housing units at an average density of 1,302.28 per square mile (502.81/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 84.77% African American, 5.92% White, 0.32% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 5.21% from other races, and 3.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.47% of the population.
There were 1,551 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.05% were married couples living together, 29.08% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.68% were non-families. 34.82% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.96 and the average family size was 2.97.
The village's age distribution consisted of 20.9% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 25% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.9 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $35,815, and the median income for a family was $59,538. Males had a median income of $27,092 versus $26,667 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,108. About 20.3% of families and 33.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.9% of those under age 18 and 21.4% of those age 65 or over.
Transportation
Robbins is served by a station on Metra's Rock Island District commuter rail line. Robbins is served by two Pace bus routes, 359 Robbins/South Kedzie Avenue and 385 87th/111th/127th. [50]
Interstate 294 runs through Robbins, but it has no exits within the village limits. Access to Interstates 57 and 294 are within a five- to eight-minute drive.
Midway International Airport is within 25-30 minute drive. The village is home to MDW's southern approach radar tower. O'Hare International Airport is within a 30-45 minute drive via Interstate 294 using the IL-50/ 83 Cicero Exit.
Robbins Airport, the first to be owned and operated by African-Americans in the United States, was located here from 1930 to 1933. It had the only flight school at the time where African-Americans could be trained as pilots, and served as a model for the Tuskegee Airmen Program during World War II. Many great African-American pilots flew into this forgotten airport. The surrounding white communities, such as Blue Island and Midlothian, did not approve of this activity, and their police sometimes arrested black pilots after they had landed in Robbins. The one-runway airport and hangar were destroyed by a tornado in 1933. School and operations were relocated by the invitation of white owners of the Harlem Airport in Chicago (it was located south of present-day Midway International Airport). From there, many of the flight school instructors entered the Tuskegee Airmen Program. One notable instructor and the man considered to be the founder of the Robbins airport was John C. Robinson, [51] who was Supreme Commander of the Ethiopian Air Force when Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935. [52] The activities of these men and women have been recognized by the Smithsonian Institution's Air and Space Museum. [53]
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