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Solah Khamba Mosque is a building within the Bidar Fort in Bidar, in the Indian state of Karnataka.
The original name of the building is not known. It has been described as the Zanani Masjid (mosque of the zenana) owing to its presence in the women's enclosure. The name Solah Khamba(sixteen pillars) refers to the presence of sixteen columns in the middle of the hall. [1]
The building has been traditionally considered to be the congregational mosque of Bidar.
Helen Philon argues that the building was intended to be a royal ceremonial hall, rather than a congregational mosque. One of the reasons supporting this claim is the fact that it is located well within the fort, and would not have been accessible to the general public. [2]
An inscription found during the clearing of debris from a decayed part of the building states:—
During the time of the viceregent of God; Prince Muhammad, who has no equal; 'In 827 H. (a.d. 1423-4) Qubli Sultani was the auspicious founder of this mosque.’
The eastern facade measures 310 feet. An arcade of nineteen uniform arches forms the facade of the mosque. The span of each of the arches is about 11 feet 4 inches, and their height about 20 feet. A parapet wall rises above the mosque, considered to be a later addition.
It is surmounted with a massive dome. The dome rests on a circular drum, with trefoil crenellations in relief.
The hall measures 294 feet 9 inches from in length, and 80 feet in breadth. It is divided into ninety-five bays by means of nineteen aisles, each five bays deep.
The construction of royal palaces towards the east of the building blocks light from entering. Owing to this, five of the smaller domes have openings at their apexes. [3]
Recessed into the western wall is the pentagonal mihrab, entered through a cusped arch.
Bidar is a city and headquarters of the Bidar district in Karnataka state of India. Bidar is a prominent place on the archaeological map of India, it is well known for architectural, historical religious and rich heritage sites. Picturesquely perched on the Deccan plateau, the Bidar fort is more than 500 years old and still standing strong. According to the book "Bidar Heritage" published by the state Department of Archaeology, Museums and Heritage, of the 61 monuments listed by the department, about 30 are tombs located in and around Bidar city., explaining its nickname, "City of Whispering Monuments". The heritage sites in and around Bidar have become the major attraction for film shooting in recent years, with Bollywood making visits apart from Kannada film industry
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