Nizamuddin Markaz Mosque

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Nizamuddin Markaz Mosque
Religion
Affiliation Sunni Islam
Rite Tablighi Jamaat movement
Ecclesiastical or organizational status Mosque
Leadership Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi
(Ameer)
StatusActive
Location
Location Nizamuddin West, South Delhi, Delhi NCT
Country India
Location map central Delhi.png
Red pog.svg
Location of the mosque in Central Delhi
Geographic coordinates 28°35′30″N77°14′36″E / 28.59157°N 77.24336°E / 28.59157; 77.24336
Architecture
Type Mosque architecture
Founder Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi
Completedc. 1857
Capacity2,000 worshippers

The Nizamuddin Markaz Mosque, also called Banglewali Masjid, is a Sunni mosque located in Nizamuddin West in South Delhi, India. It is the birthplace and global centre of the Tablighi Jamaat, [1] [2] the missionary and reformist movement started by Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi in 1926. The congregation is led by his great-grandson, Ameer Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi, since 2015.

Contents

Since 2015, frictions developed within Tablighi Jamaat over the leadership of the organisation, however the mosque remains the headquarters for the Nizamuddin branch of the movement. [3]

Building

The New York Times described the Markaz as "a tall, white, modern building towering over the Nizamuddin West neighborhood". [2] It is a centre of the neighbourhood's economy, with money changers, guesthouses, travel agencies and gift shops surrounding it and catering to the missionaries that visit the Markaz. [2]

The building is six stories high, and has capacity of approximately 2,000 worshippers. It is adjacent to the Hazrat Nizamuddin Police Station, with which it shares a wall. The famous Khawaja Nizamuddin Aulia shrine is close by. [4]

The complex includes the Kashiful Uloom madrasa.

Typical gatherings at the Markaz host between 2,000 to 4,000 people. During the day, the large halls in the building are used for prayers and sermons. At night, they are used as sleeping quarters for 200–300 people on each floor. [5]

History

Early history

The Banglewali Masjid (Bungalow Mosque) was built in Nizamuddin by Mirza Ilahi Baksh, a relative of the last Mughal emperor, sometime after 1857. Maulana Muhammad Ismail, the father of Maulana Muhammad Ilyas Kandhlawi, established a madrasa in its premises under the name Kashif ul-Uloom. It is said that he used to go out and invite people to come to the mosque and, on one occasion, he happened to bring Meos from Mewat who were in Delhi as labourers. Noticing that they were not schooled in proper practice of prayer, he decided to teach it to them, which was the beginning of the madrasa. [6]

After the death of Maulana Ismail and his elder son, MaulanaMuhammad Ilyas took up the task of teaching at the madrasa. He too was concerned with educating the Meos of Mewat. [7] Noticing that his own direct teaching would be inadequate to the task, in time, he evolved the practices of tabligh that now form the foundation of Tablighi Jamaat. [8] They involved turning ordinary Muslims into preachers. Training them in the preaching work became the main activity of the madrasa, gradually turning the Banglewali Masjid into a markaz (centre or headquarters). Ilyas also set up an organisational network for his fledgling organisation bringing men of influence to gather in the mosque. By the end of Ilyas's life, Tablighi Jamaat emerged as a national organisation with transnational potential. [9]

Transnational centre

Under Ilyas's son and successor, Muhammad Yusuf Kandhlawi (1917–1965), the Tablighi Jamaat expanded worldwide and became a transnational organisation. [10] The Nizamuddin Markaz became the world headquarters (Aalami Markaz). According to a commentator, it is "the heart circulating blood through the body" for the Tablighi Jamaat organisation. [11] It is the place where people are trained for missionary work, worldwide tours are organised and information to the entire worldwide network is distributed. [11]

After Yusuf Kandhlawi's sudden death, the senior members chose Inamul Hasan Kandhlawi (1918–1995), a close relative of Maulana Ilyas, as the third amir. [12] After the 30-year leadership of Inamul Hasan, during which the movement grew to its present size, an executive council (shura) was established to share the responsibilities of leadership. [12]

Recent developments

According to scholar Zacharias Pieri, the final decision-making responsibility fell on two men within the shura: Zubair ul-Hasan Kandhlawi and Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi. [13] After Zubair ul-Hasan's death in 2014, Maulana Saad assumed the leadership of the council and the movement. [14] According to The Milli Gazette, the senior members of the Tablighi Jamaat from around the world met at the Pakistan regional markaz at Raiwind in 2015 and resolved that the organisation would be governed by a shura. Raiwind amir Muhammad Abdul Wahhab who was a member of the original shura backed this effort. [3] [15] Kandhlawi did not accept the recommendations of the meeting, causing a split in the organisation. [3]

The friction led to division of the Tablighi Jamaat leadership into two groups, the first being led by Muhammad Saad Kandhlawi at the Nizamuddin Markaz, while the other being led by Ibrahim Dewla, Ahmed Laat and others at Nerul Markaz, Navi Mumbai in India. [16] The Raiwind Markaz in Pakistan is part of the latter group and has become the "de facto base" of the shura group. [17] [15]

COVID-19 pandemic

The mosque organised a large congregation in March 2020, attended by approximately 9,000 missionaries, with the majority from various states of India, [18] [19] and 960 attendees from 40 foreign countries. [20] Three major events has been planned, between 8–10 March, during 15–17 March and during 22–24 March. [21] [a]

However, worshippers got stuck in the Markaz building as a result of a COVID-19 government-mandated one-day lockdown on 22 March. The government implemented a nationwide indefinite lockdown on 24 March, and the adjacent police station issued a notice to the mosque the same day, asking for the closure of the building. [24] In the ensuing days, medical teams visited the mosque, and mosque representatives met with government authorities. There was some evacuation of worshippers during this period. [22] [24] On 30 March, the authorities evacuated the building and sent about 2,300 worshippers to hospital wards and quarantines. [25]

International and domestic contact tracing of COVID-19 cases [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] attributed the event with the quarantine of approximately 40,000 people in India, including mosque attendees and their contacts. [31] Leaders of the mosque received widespread criticism from the Muslim community for holding the congregation despite a ban on public gatherings being issued by Union government authorities in Delhi on 13 March. [32] [33]

Several media houses were accused for instigating communal Islamophobic sentiments by blaming Indian COVID-19 outbreak on the congregation and for spreading misinformation. [34] [35]

“The Tablighi Jamaat phase saw hate speech directed against one entire community-Muslims-with very visible impact on the ground such as calls for economic and social boycott and physical violence against Muslims. Hate speech in this period was in some instances clear incitement to genocide and sought to reduce Muslims to second class citizenship.”

— Report: Wages of Hate – Journalism in Dark Times.

Mainstream India media propagated conspiracy of Muslims deliberately spreading coronavirus called "Corona Jihad". The most notorious incident was Arnab Goswami of Republic TV falsely portraying an assembly of migrant workers at Bandra railway station demanding from the government to make arrangements for them to return home during the COVID-19 lockdown as an assembly of Muslims gathered purportedly on the orders of the imam of a local mosque in an attempt to deliberately spread the viral infection among Hindus in an act of biological terrorism. [36] Organisations such as Human rights watch condemned this Islamophobic campaign. [2] [37] [38]

Legal action was taken against mosque officials; [39] [40] [41] and various individuals, both Indians and foreigners. [42] All charges were dismissed. [43] After a two-year hiatus, the mosque was reopened for worship in March 2022. [44]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Media reports have variously mentioned a "congregation" held on 11–13 March, [22] 13–15 March, [23] or other dates, which however do not appear on the Markaz's calendar.

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References

  1. ↑ Mahurkar, Uday (1 April 2020). "Tablighi Jamaat's defiance spreads concern". India Today.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Gettleman, Jeffrey; Schultz, Kai; Raj, Suhasini (12 April 2020). "In India, Coronavirus Fans Religious Hatred". The New York Times .
  3. 1 2 3 Burhanuddin Qasmi, M (30 July 2016). "Tablighi Jamaat at the crossroads". The Milli Gazette.
  4. ↑ "Nizamuddin Markaz: State-wise list of nearly 2,000 people who attended Tablighi Jamaat in March". India TV News . 31 March 2020.
  5. ↑ "The Religious Retreat That Sparked India's Major Coronavirus Manhunt". The New York Times . Reuters. 2 April 2020.
  6. ↑ Kuiper (2017), pp. 168–169.
  7. ↑ Kuiper (2017), p. 173.
  8. ↑ Kuiper (2017), pp. 179.
  9. ↑ Kuiper (2017), pp. 180–182.
  10. ↑ Pieri (2015), p. 60.
  11. 1 2 Pieri (2015), p. 65.
  12. 1 2 Pieri (2015), p. 61.
  13. ↑ Pieri (2015) , p. 61: "Since Izhar ul-Hasan’s death in 1996, the governing executive council was made up of Zubayr and Saad (Arshad 2007).[3] In the strictest sense, the final decision-making powers in the movement fell to these two men."
  14. ↑ Pieri (2015) , p. 61: "In 2014, there was yet another change in TJ’s leadership with the passing away of Zubair ul-Hasan. Zubair was seen as the senior leader in the movement and teacher of the current leader Maulana Saad. ... Reetz commented that even before Maulana Zubair’s death, Maulana Saad moved to the center of the movement and was seen as the “spiritual and symbolic head” attracting immense popularity on an international level."
  15. 1 2 Ghazali, Abdus Satar (12 October 2018). "Global leadership split in Tablighi Jamaat echoes in San Francisco Bay Area". countercurrents.org. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  16. ↑ Mohammed Wajihuddin (1 April 2020). "How Tablighi movement split into two groups two years ago". The Times of India.
  17. ↑ Timol, Riyaz (14 October 2019). "Structures of Organisation and Loci of Authority in a Glocal Islamic Movement: The Tablighi Jama'at in Britain" (PDF). Religions. 10 (10): 573. doi: 10.3390/rel10100573 .
  18. ↑ "Coronavirus: About 9,000 Tablighi Jamaat members, primary contacts quarantined in country, MHA says". The Times of India . Press Trust of India. 2 April 2020.
  19. ↑ "How Nizamuddin markaz became Covid-19 hotspot; more than 8,000 attendees identified". Hindustan Times. 2 April 2020.
  20. ↑ "379 Indonesians among foreigners from 40 countries attended Tablighi Jamaat gathering: Sources". ANI. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  21. ↑ "Panic Grips Tablighi Jamaat Ijtema: Maulana Saad On The Run". News-Communique.com. 5 April 2020.
  22. 1 2 Beg, Mirza Arif (31 March 2020). "Communal Corona? Is It Justified To Blame Tablighi Jamaat For Nizamuddin Outbreak?". Outlook.
  23. ↑ Mustafa, Faizan (16 April 2020). "The Coronavirus Spread and the Criminal Liability of the Tablighi Jamaat". The Wire.
  24. 1 2 Trivedi, Saurabh (30 March 2020). "Coronavirus | 200 people in Nizamuddin develop symptoms; area cordoned off". The Hindu .
  25. ↑ Slater, Joanna; Masih, Niha; Irfan, Shams (2 April 2020). "India confronts its first coronavirus 'super-spreader' – a Muslim missionary group with more than 400 members infected". The Washington Post .
  26. ↑ Singh, Vijaita (31 March 2020). "MHA tells States to track foreign Tablighi members". The Hindu . Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  27. ↑ "Delhi area under watch: Officials link 5 Telangana deaths to Nizamuddin mosque, trace 1,600 people". The Indian Express. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  28. ↑ "647 COVID-19 Cases in Last 2 Days Linked To Islamic Sect Meet in Delhi". NDTV. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  29. ↑ "647 coronavirus positive cases in two days linked to Tablighi Jamaat". The Economic Times. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
  30. ↑ "102 new Covid-19 cases in Tamil Nadu; state's tally reaches 411". Livemint. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  31. ↑ "Tablighi Jamaat Responsible For 30% Total Coronavirus Cases in India: Health Ministry". ABP News. 18 April 2020.
  32. ↑ "Tablighi Jamaat draws widespread condemnation from Muslim society". Business Line. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  33. ↑ "COVID-19: Govt. bans IPL in Delhi till further orders". The Hindu . 13 March 2020.
  34. ↑ "When Even a Pandemic Is Communalised". The Wire. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  35. ↑ "Coronavirus: The human cost of fake news in India". BBC News. 30 June 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  36. ↑ Scroll Staff (3 May 2020). "Bandra migrants protest: Case filed against Arnab Goswami for allegedly spreading communal hatred". Scroll.in. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
  37. ↑ "CoronaJihad is Only the Latest Manifestation: Islamophobia in India has Been Years in the Making". Human Rights Watch. 1 May 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
  38. ↑ "It Was Already Dangerous To Be Muslim in India. Then Came the Coronavirus". Time . Retrieved 21 December 2020.
  39. ↑ "India coronavirus: Tablighi Jamaat leader on manslaughter charge over Covid-19". BBC News . 16 April 2020.
  40. ↑ Ahmed, Zubair (28 April 2020). "India coronavirus: Tablighi Jamaat gives blood for plasma therapy". BBC News . Retrieved 8 January 2025.
  41. ↑ Lama, Prawesh (18 March 2022). "Two years after Markaz sealing, little headway in case against Maulana Saad". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 8 January 2025.
  42. ↑ "Thane: 21 foreigners who had attended Tablighi meet arrested | Thane News". The Times of India. 23 April 2020.
  43. ↑ "Tablighi case: All foreigners freed, court slams police, says no proof". The Indian Express. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  44. ↑ "After 2-year hiatus, Nizamuddin Markaz reopens for Shab-e-Barat". The Tribune, India. 18 March 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2025.

Bibliography

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