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The nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies is a naming scheme for assigning generic, or nonproprietary, names to monoclonal antibodies. An antibody is a protein that is produced in B cells and used by the immune system of humans and other vertebrate animals to identify a specific foreign object like a bacterium or a virus. Monoclonal antibodies are those that were produced in identical cells, often artificially, and so share the same target object. They have a wide range of applications including medical uses.
Obinutuzumab is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, originated by GlycArt Biotechnology AG and developed by Roche as a cancer treatment.
Romosozumab, sold under the brand name Evenity, is a medication used to treat osteoporosis. It has been found to decrease the risk of fractures of the spine.
Daratumumab, sold under the brand name Darzalex, is an anti-cancer medication. It binds to CD38, which is overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells. Daratumumab was originally developed by Genmab, but it is now being jointly developed by Genmab along with the Johnson & Johnson subsidiary Janssen Biotech, which acquired worldwide commercialization rights to the drug from Genmab.
Drug nomenclature is the systematic naming of drugs, especially pharmaceutical drugs. In the majority of circumstances, drugs have 3 types of names: chemical names, the most important of which is the IUPAC name; generic or nonproprietary names, the most important of which are the International Nonproprietary Names (INNs); and trade names, which are brand names. Under the INN system, generic names for drugs are constructed out of affixes and stems that classify the drugs into useful categories while keeping related names distinguishable. A marketed drug might also have a company code or compound code.
Bococizumab is a drug that was in development by Pfizer targeting PCSK9 to reduce LDL cholesterol. Pfizer withdrew the drug from development in November 2016, determining that it was "not likely to provide value to patients, physicians or shareholders."
Sacituzumab govitecan, sold under the brand name Trodelvy, is a Trop-2-directed antibody and topoisomerase inhibitor drug conjugate used for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and metastatic urothelial cancer.
Eptinezumab, sold under the brand name Vyepti, is a medication for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. It is a monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) alpha and beta. It is administered by intravenous infusion every three months.
Inebilizumab, sold under the brand name Uplizna, is a medication for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in adults.
Tezepelumab is a human monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of asthma and atopic dermatitis. It blocks thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cytokine that has been suggested to be critical in the initiation and persistence of airway inflammation.
Depatuxizumab mafodotin is an antibody-drug conjugate designed for the treatment of cancer. It is composed of an EGFR IGg1 monoclonal antibody (depatuxizumab) conjugated to the tubulin inhibitor monomethyl auristatin F via a stable maleimidocaproyl link.
Fremanezumab, sold under the brand name Ajovy, is a medication used to prevent migraines in adults. It is given by injection under the skin.
Cofetuzumab pelidotin is an experimental antibody-drug conjugate in development for the treatment of cancer. It was created by Stemcentrx and is being developed by Pfizer. The drug is an anti-PTK7 monoclonal antibody linked to auristatin-0101, an auristatin microtubule inhibitor.
Flotetuzumab is a bispecific antibody designed for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
Satralizumab, sold under the brand name Enspryng, is a humanized monoclonal antibody medication that is used for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a rare autoimmune disease. The drug is being developed by Chugai Pharmaceutical, a subsidiary of Roche.
Belantamab mafodotin, sold under the brand name Blenrep, is a medication for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma.
Bamlanivimab is a monoclonal antibody developed by AbCellera Biologics and Eli Lilly as a treatment for COVID-19. The drug was granted an emergency use authorization (EUA) by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2020, and 950,000 doses have been bought by the US government as of December 2020. In April 2021, the EUA was revoked.
Regdanvimab is a monoclonal antibody under investigation for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19).
Amivantamab, sold under the brand name Rybrevant, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat non-small cell lung cancer.
References
- ↑ World Health Organization (2017). "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Proposed INN: List 117" (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 31 (2).
- ↑ Kaplon H, Muralidharan M, Schneider Z, Reichert JM (2020). "Antibodies to watch in 2020". mAbs. 12 (1): 1703531. doi:10.1080/19420862.2019.1703531. PMC 6973335 . PMID 31847708.
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