Sriniketan

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Sriniketan
Neighbourhood
West Bengal location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Sriniketan
Location in West Bengal, India
Coordinates: 23°40′05″N87°39′55″E / 23.66806°N 87.66528°E / 23.66806; 87.66528
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State West Bengal
District Birbhum
Languages
 • Official Bengali, English
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
Lok Sabha constituency Bolpur
Vidhan Sabha constituency Bolpur
Website visva-bharati.ac.in

Sriniketan (also spelt Sri Niketan) is a neighbourhood of Surul in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is adjacent to Santiniketan and houses the second campus of Visva-Bharati University. The Palli Samgathana Vibhag (Institute of Rural Reconstruction) and Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agricultural Sciences) are located in west bengal

Contents

Geography

Sriniketan
[Interactive fullscreen map + nearby articles]
Cities and towns in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district
M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, U: University.
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

Location

Sriniketan has an average elevation of 49 metres (161 ft). [1]

In the map of Bolpur-Sriniketan CD block on page 718 of District Census Handbook Birbhum (Part A), Sriniketan is shown as part of Surul.

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the area. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

Climate

Climate data for Santiniketan (Sriniketan) (1981–2010, extremes 1961–2012)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)33.0
(91.4)		37.0
(98.6)		42.0
(107.6)		45.9
(114.6)		46.6
(115.9)		47.0
(116.6)		41.6
(106.9)		36.8
(98.2)		39.1
(102.4)		37.1
(98.8)		34.2
(93.6)		30.7
(87.3)		47.0
(116.6)
Mean maximum °C (°F)28.7
(83.7)		32.8
(91.0)		38.2
(100.8)		41.3
(106.3)		41.7
(107.1)		40.2
(104.4)		36.2
(97.2)		34.9
(94.8)		35.1
(95.2)		34.3
(93.7)		32.1
(89.8)		29.1
(84.4)		42.3
(108.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)24.7
(76.5)		28.2
(82.8)		33.4
(92.1)		36.6
(97.9)		36.7
(98.1)		34.9
(94.8)		32.9
(91.2)		32.5
(90.5)		32.4
(90.3)		31.6
(88.9)		29.5
(85.1)		26.1
(79.0)		31.6
(88.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)11.6
(52.9)		14.7
(58.5)		19.3
(66.7)		23.3
(73.9)		25.0
(77.0)		26.0
(78.8)		26.0
(78.8)		26.0
(78.8)		25.3
(77.5)		22.5
(72.5)		17.3
(63.1)		13.0
(55.4)		20.8
(69.4)
Mean minimum °C (°F)7.8
(46.0)		10.5
(50.9)		14.6
(58.3)		19.0
(66.2)		20.8
(69.4)		22.7
(72.9)		23.9
(75.0)		23.8
(74.8)		23.1
(73.6)		18.5
(65.3)		13.0
(55.4)		9.4
(48.9)		7.7
(45.9)
Record low °C (°F)5.0
(41.0)		6.0
(42.8)		11.2
(52.2)		14.6
(58.3)		18.1
(64.6)		18.7
(65.7)		20.0
(68.0)		22.4
(72.3)		17.7
(63.9)		15.6
(60.1)		9.7
(49.5)		6.1
(43.0)		5.0
(41.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches)11.6
(0.46)		25.1
(0.99)		33.2
(1.31)		52.0
(2.05)		113.8
(4.48)		229.7
(9.04)		343.2
(13.51)		296.7
(11.68)		267.5
(10.53)		87.7
(3.45)		10.5
(0.41)		9.0
(0.35)		1,479.9
(58.26)
Average rainy days1.21.92.43.56.311.615.715.111.94.70.90.575.6
Average relative humidity (%) (at 08:30 IST)76686166738085868681757576
Source: India Meteorological Department [2] [3]

CD block HQ

The headquarters of Bolpur Sriniketan community development block are located at Sriniketan. [4]

History

Mural by Nandalal Bose at Sriniketan Sriniketan mural.jpg
Mural by Nandalal Bose at Sriniketan

In 1921 Rabindranath Tagore bought a large manor house with surrounding lands in Surul, 3 km from Santiniketan, from the Sinhas of Raipur. He set up the Institute of Rural Reconstruction in the manor house, in 1922 with Leonard Knight Elmhirst as its first director. Rathindranath Tagore, Santosh Chandra Mazumdar, Gourgopal Ghosh, Kalimohan Ghosh and Kim Taro Kasahara joined Elmhirst. [5]

The second but contiguous campus of Visva Bharati was subsequently located around the same place in 1923 and it came to be known as Sriniketan. Silpa Bhavana at Santiniketan had already started training in handicrafts. Sriniketan took over the work with the objective bringing back life in its completeness to the villages and help people to solve their own problems instead of solution being imposed on them from outside. An emphasis was laid on a scientific study of the village problem before a solution was attempted. [5]

In consonance with such ideas about reconstruction of village life a new type of school meant mainly for the children of neighbouring villages, who would eventually bring the offering of their acquired knowledge for the welfare of the village community, was also conceived. Siksha-Satra was such a school set up at Santiniketan in 1924 but shifted to Sriniketan in 1927. The Loka-Siksha Samsad an organisation for the propagation of non-formal education amongst those who had no access to usual educational opportunities, was started in 1936. Siksha Charcha for training village school teachers followed next year. In 1963, an agricultural college was set up in Sriniketan and in 1977 Rural Research Centre was set up. [5]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bolpur Sriniketan</span> Community development block in West Bengal, India

Bolpur Sriniketan is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Siksha Satra is a school at Sriniketan town in Birbhum district, West Bengal. Established in 1924, it functions under Visva Bharati University.

The following is a list of notable people associated withVisva- Bharati University and/or Santiniketan, a neighbourhood in Bolpur city in West Bengal, India:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sangit Bhavana</span> School associated with Visva Bharati University

Sangit Bhavana, of Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, started functioning as a part of Kala Bhavana in 1919 and as a separate institution in 1933. It was established by the Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palli Samgathana Vibhaga</span> School associated with Visva-Bharati University

Palli Samgathana Vibhaga, of Visva-Bharati University, was established at Sriniketan in 1922, by the Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. Leonard Knight Elmhirst was its first director.

Santosh Chandra Majumdar was one of the first five students of Brahmaviyalaya at Santiniketan and was associated with Santiniketan most of his later life.

References

  1. ↑ "Sri Niketan, India Page". West Bengal. Falling Rain Genomics. Retrieved 5 March 2009.
  2. ↑ "Station: Shantiniketan, Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  3. ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M240. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  4. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Birbhum, Series 20, Part XII B" (PDF). Map of Birbhum with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
  5. 1 2 3 Basak, Tapan Kumar, Rabindranath-Santiniketan-Sriniketan, An Introduction, pp. 6–8, BB Publication

Further reading

Das Gupta, Uma (2022). A History of Sriniketan: Rabindranath Tagore's Pioneering Work in Rural Reconstruction. Niyogi Books.

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