TIROS-10

TIROS-10
	TIROS-10
Mission type	Weather satellite
Operator	NASA
COSPAR ID	1965-051A
SATCAT no.	1430
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type	TIROS
Manufacturer	RCA / GSFC
Launch mass	138.30 kilograms (304.9 lb)
Dimensions	1.07 m × 0.56 m (3.5 ft × 1.8 ft)
Start of mission
Launch date	July 2, 1965, 04:07 UTC
Rocket	Thor-Delta C
Launch site	Cape Canaveral LC-17B
End of mission
Last contact	July 31, 1966
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth ; Sun-synchronous
Eccentricity	0.005991
Perigee altitude	751 kilometers (467 mi)
Apogee altitude	837 kilometers (520 mi)
Inclination	98.65°
Period	100.76 minutes
Epoch	July 2, 1965
Instruments
	Television Camera System
	TIROS ← TIROS-9 ESSA-1 ; TIROS Operational System →

Last updated April 28, 2024

TIROS-10 (also called TIROS OT-1) was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the tenth and last in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

Launch

TIROS-10 was launched on July 2, 1965, by a Thor-Delta rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, United States. The spacecraft functioned nominally until July 31, 1966. The satellite orbited the Earth once every 100 minutes, at an inclination of 98°. Its perigee was 751 kilometers (467 mi) and apogee was 837 kilometers (520 mi).^[1]

Mission

TIROS 10 was a Sun-synchronous meteorological spacecraft designed to develop improved capabilities for obtaining and using TV cloud cover pictures from satellites and operated as an interim operational satellite. The spin-stabilized spacecraft was in the form of an 18-sided right prism, 107 cm across opposite corners and 56 cm high, with a reinforced baseplate carrying most of the subsystems and a cover assembly. Electric energy was supplied to the spacecraft by approximately 9000 1-by 2-cm silicon solar cells that were mounted on the cover assembly and by 21 nickel-cadmium batteries. A single monopole antenna for reception of ground commands extended from the top of the cover assembly.

A pair of crossed-dipole telemetry antennas (235 MHz) projected down and diagonally out from the baseplate. Mounted around the edge of the baseplate were five diametrically opposed pairs of small solid-fuel thrusters that maintained the satellite spin rate between 8 and 12 rpm. Proper attitude was maintained to within a 1° to 2° accuracy by use of a magnetic control device consisting of 250 coils of wire wound around the outer surface of the spacecraft. The interaction by the induced magnetic field in the spacecraft and the Earth's magnetic field provided the torque necessary for attitude control.

The satellite spin axis could thus be varied while the satellite remained in the conventional TIROS "axial" mode. The satellite was equipped with two identical wide-angle TV cameras with 1.27-cm vidicon for taking earth cloudcover pictures. The pictures could be transmitted directly to either of two ground receiving stations or stored in a tape recorder on board for subsequent playback if the spacecraft was beyond the communication range of the station.

The satellite was launched into a near-polar orbit and successfully provided TV coverage of the entire daylight portion of the Earth. The TV system operated normally until September 30, 1965, and sporadically through July 31, 1966, when the spacecraft was deactivated.^[3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TIROS-1</span> 1960 weather satellite

TIROS-1 was the first full-scale weather satellite, the first of a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites (TIROS) placed in low Earth orbit.

Television InfraRed Observation Satellite (TIROS) is a series of early weather satellites launched by the United States, beginning with TIROS-1 in 1960. TIROS was the first satellite that was capable of remote sensing of the Earth, enabling scientists to view the Earth from a new perspective: space. The program, promoted by Harry Wexler, proved the usefulness of satellite weather observation, at a time when military reconnaissance satellites were secretly in development or use. TIROS demonstrated at that time that "the key to genius is often simplicity". TIROS is an acronym of "Television InfraRed Observation Satellite" and is also the plural of "tiro" which means "a young soldier, a beginner".

NOAA-17, also known as NOAA-M before launch, was an operational, polar orbiting, weather satellite series operated by the National Environmental Satellite Service (NESS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-17 also continued the series of Advanced TIROS-N (ATN) spacecraft begun with the launch of NOAA-8 (NOAA-E) in 1983 but with additional new and improved instrumentation over the NOAA A-L series and a new launch vehicle.

NOAA-15, also known as NOAA-K before launch, is an operational, polar-orbiting of the NASA-provided Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) series of weather forecasting satellite operated by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-15 was the latest in the Advanced TIROS-N (ATN) series. It provided support to environmental monitoring by complementing the NOAA/NESS Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite program (GOES).

TIROS-2 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the second in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites. It re-entered in May 2014.

ESSA-1 was a spin-stabilized operational meteorological satellite. Its name was derived from that of its oversight agency, the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ESSA-9</span> Meteorological satellite

ESSA-9, also known as TOS-G, was a meteorological satellite. Its name was derived from that of its oversight agency, the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA). ESSA-9 replaced the ESSA-7 satellite.

TIROS-3 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the third in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

TIROS-4 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the fourth in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

TIROS 5 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the fifth in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

TIROS 6 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the sixth in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TIROS-7</span> Former American weather satellite

TIROS-7 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the seventh in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

TIROS-8 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the eighth in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

TIROS-9 was a spin-stabilized meteorological satellite. It was the ninth in a series of Television Infrared Observation Satellites.

Nimbus 1 was a meteorological satellite. It was the first in a series of the Nimbus program.

Nimbus 2 was a meteorological satellite. It was the second in a series of the Nimbus program.

Nimbus 3 was a meteorological satellite. It was the third in a series of the Nimbus program.

Nimbus 4 was a meteorological satellite. It was the fourth in a series of the Nimbus program.

NOAA-5, also known as ITOS-H was a weather satellite operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It was part of a series of satellites called ITOS, or improved TIROS, being the last of the series. NOAA-5 was launched on a Delta rocket on July 29, 1976.

NOAA-14, also known as NOAA-J before launch, was an American weather satellite operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-14 continued the third-generation operational, Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) series operated by the National Environmental Satellite Service (NESS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-14 continued the series of Advanced TIROS-N (ATN) spacecraft begun with the launch of NOAA-8 (NOAA-E) in 1983.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "TIROS 10". National Space Science Data Center Master Catalog. NASA GSFC. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
↑ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
↑ "TIROS 10 (1965-051A)". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Retrieved June 4, 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

External links

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[nssdc-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "TIROS 10". National Space Science Data Center Master Catalog. NASA GSFC. Retrieved June 4, 2018.

[launchlog-2] McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved June 4, 2018.

[NASA_nssdc-3] "TIROS 10 (1965-051A)". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Retrieved June 4, 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .

[1]

[2]

[3]

v t e TIROS satellites
TIROS	TIROS-1 TIROS-2 TIROS-3 TIROS-4 TIROS-5 TIROS-6 TIROS-7 TIROS-8 TIROS-9 TIROS-10
TOS	ESSA-1 ESSA-2 ESSA-3 ESSA-4 ESSA-5 ESSA-6 ESSA-7 ESSA-8 ESSA-9
ITOS	TIROS-M NOAA-1 ITOS-B NOAA-2 NOAA-3 NOAA-4 NOAA-5 ITOS-E
TIROS-N	TIROS-N NOAA-6 NOAA-B NOAA-7
Adv. TIROS-N	NOAA-8 NOAA-9 NOAA-10 NOAA-11 NOAA-12 NOAA-13 NOAA-14 NOAA-15 NOAA-16 NOAA-17 NOAA-18 NOAA-19