Tropical Storm Sanba (2023)

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Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On October 13, a low-pressure area formed in the South China Sea, west of the Philippines, in which the system interact with the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). [1] [2] The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) at 22:00 UTC for the low-pressure area, while the system located just off the coast of Central Vietnam, analyzing the system in a favorable environment such as high sea surface temperature of 28–29 °C (82–84 °F), extremely strong divergence, and moderate wind shear. [3] Early on October 17, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) said that the system had strengthened into a tropical depression. [4] The JTWC followed suit later that day, and assigned the system the number 16W. [5] Infrared satellite imagery depicts a central dense overcast (CDO) obscuring the circulation of a poorly organized depression. [5] Early on October 18, the JMA upgraded the system to a tropical storm, and assigned the name Sanba, forecasting that the storm would move north in the next few days and entered the Gulf of Tonkin. [6] The JTWC also upgraded the system strengthen to a tropical storm at the same time. [7]

A ridge to the east brought deep-layer southward wind shear, and caused the upper and the mid-level clouds being displaced. [8] Sanba made the first landfall in Dongfang, Hainan at 9 a.m. (local time, 01:00 UTC) on October 19. [9] [10] Afterwards, Sanba accelerated to the north-northeast and entered the Gulf of Tonkin. The storm benefited from favorable environmental conditions including high sea surface temperatures, displayed scattered high cloud tops in a radial direction. [11] Later that day, Sanba attained its peak intensity with 10-minute sustained winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) and a barometric pressure of 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg). [12] At 9:45 a.m. (local time, 01:45 UTC) on October 20, Sanba made the second landfall in Zhanjiang, Guangdong. [13] The system began to turn southward and gradually weakened because of unfavorable conditions such as land interaction, cold together with dry air, and strong wind shear. [14] [15] The JTWC soon downgraded the system to a tropical depression. [15] At 7:40 p.m. (local time, 11:40 UTC), Sanba made the third and final landfall in Lingao County, Hainan. [16] The JMA downgraded the system to a tropical depression shortly thereafter and stopped issuing advisories for the system. [17] The depression continued to weaken, with the JMA declared that the depression dissipated later that day. [12] The JTWC also issued its final warning bulletin on the same day. [18]

Preparations and impact

Tropical Storm Sanba just off the coast of Hainan on October 18 Sanba 2023-10-18 0618Z.jpg
Tropical Storm Sanba just off the coast of Hainan on October 18

Vietnam

The precursor of Sanba interacted with the ITCZ and brought thunderstorms, tornadoes and strong waves in the South China Sea, sinking two Vietnamese fishing boats near the Spratly Islands. [19] [20] [21] After two fishing boat sinked, search and rescue forces were mobilized to search for victims of the two sinking boats. [22] Searchers stopped looking for victims on October 23. [23] Three people were killed and 12 others were missing in this incident. [24] [25] The interaction between Sanba and the ITCZ, along with cold air and easterly winds blowing in from the sea, caused heavy rain in Central Vietnam, with many places recording rainfall of 120–175 mm (4.7–6.9 in) in 8 hours. [26] [27] A level 4 disaster risk warning has been issued for Thừa Thiên Huế and Da Nang, the first time that Vietnam has issued a level 4 disaster risk warning due to heavy rain. [28] [29] After Sanba intensified to a tropical storm, the National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting (NCHMF) issued an "emergency storm bulletin" due to concerns that Sanba would cause notable impacts in Vietnam, [30] [31] though the warning was later cancelled as Sanba began to weaken and unlikely to bring significant impact to Vietnam. [32] [33] The impact of Sanba in northern Vietnam is relatively minor, only Bạch Long Vĩ Island recorded near gale-force winds. [34] Total damage in Vietnam amounted to 549 billion đồng (US$22.4 million). [35]

China

On October 18, Sanya issued a Level III emergency response warning for flood and wind prevention. Kindergartens and nurseries in the city were closed in the afternoon, sightseeing was also suspended. [36] [37] At 17:30 (local time, 09:30 UTC), the Hainan Provincial General Department of National Defense upgraded the flood prevention emergency response level from level IV to level III. Haikou New Port, Xiuying Port and South Port were closed from 4:00 a.m. (local time) on October 19. [38] Many places on the island experienced strong winds, with the highest gust on Hainan Island reaching 52 mph (83 km/h) in Yazhou, Sanya, and the highest gust in the entire province reaching 70 mph (112 km/h) in Qizhou Liedao  [ zh ]. Rainfall in the past 4 days on Hainan Island was generally between 100 and 300 mm (3.9 and 11.8 in), with the highest being 333.2 mm (13.12 in), recorded in Hele, Hainan. [39]

On October 18, the Guangxi Flood Prevention and Drought Relief Department launched a level IV emergency response for flood and typhoon prevention and control. [40] Some places recorded rainfall of 400–600 mm (16–24 in) and gale-force winds. The highest rainfall was 780.3 mm (30.72 in), recorded in Yinhai District, Beihai, which broke the record of highest rainfall in 24-hour timespan. [41] [42] An oil platform near Weizhou Island observed sustained winds of 64 mph (103 km/h) and a gust of 75 mph (120 km/h). [43] Heavy rain flooded roads in many places, leaving many people stranded, and saver were mobilized to rescue trapped people. [44] [45] A motor vehicle in Bobai County, Yulin was stuck while crossing a bridge flooded with 30 cm (12 in) deep. 4 people in the car were rescued. [45] A village in Bobai County was isolated, clean water and electricity were cut off. Rescue forces and necessary equipment arrived and provided necessities to more than 100 trapped households. [46] More than 30 people stranded along the road in Luchuan County were also rescued. [46] In addition, due to the effects of Sanba offshore, a Chinese cargo ship were trapped in the Gulf of Tonkin, west of Weizhou Island. The ship and 5 crew members were rescued. [47]

In Guangdong, the flood control and emergency response alert level in Zhanjiang was raised to level II, and in Maoming it was raised to level III. [48] [49] Due to Sanba, many places in Zhanjiang and Maoming were affected by heavy rains, with an average rainfall of over 200 mm (7.9 in) in 24 hours, and a maximum rainfall of over 400 mm (16 in) in 24 hours. [49] The highest one-hour rainfall in Maoming was 158.5 mm (6.24 in), recorded at a village in Maonan District, which broke the record in the city. [42] Schools in Chikan, Xiashan, Mazhang, Potou, and other places in Zhanjiang were closed on October 19. [50] Maoming has also asked schools and kindergartens in some areas to temporarily closed. [48] Several roads in Zhanjiang were heavily flooded, leaving many elderly people and children trapped. [51] Water levels exceeded the alarming levels in the upper course of Jian River and some other river sections. [44] [49] Gaozhou Reservoir  [ zh ] discharged floodwaters because the water level at the reservoir exceeded the allowable limit. [52] Overall, 4 people were killed and more than 2 million people were affected by the storm. More than 300 houses collapsed, 138,700 ha (343,000 acres) of crops were damaged, and the damage was calculated at 5.82 billion yuan (US$796 million). [44]

Due to the combined effects of Sanba (including its precursor) and the northeast monsoon, Hong Kong and Macau experienced some rainfall and gusty winds. [53] [54] [55]

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References

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  2. ↑ Chí Tuệ (October 13, 2023). "Xuất hiện vùng áp thấp ở giữa Biển Đông, mưa rất lớn". Tuổi trẻ Online (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2023.
  3. ↑ "TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATION ALERT (INVEST 99W)". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. October 16, 2023. Archived from the original on October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
  4. ↑ "WTPQ50 RJTD 170000". Japan Meteorological Agency. October 17, 2023. Archived from the original on October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
  5. 1 2 "PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TROPICAL DEPRESSION 16W (SIXTEEN)". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. October 17, 2023. Archived from the original on October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
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  8. ↑ "PROGNOSTIC REASONING FOR TROPICAL STORM 16W (SANBA) WARNING NR 008". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
  9. ↑ 今年第16号台风“三巴”未来60小时路径概率预报图 (Map). China Meteorological Administration. October 19, 2023. Archived from the original on December 25, 2024. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
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  16. ↑ Zhan, Qiwang (October 20, 2023). 台风“三巴”对海南影响趋于结束 省气象局解除台风四级预警. People's Daily (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved October 20, 2023.
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  23. ↑ "Kết thúc tìm kiếm 13 ngư dân mất tích trên 2 tàu cá bị chìm". Báo điện tử Tiền Phong (in Vietnamese). October 23, 2023. Archived from the original on October 23, 2023. Retrieved October 23, 2023.
  24. ↑ Trịnh Bang Nhiệm (November 4, 2023). "Thăm, tặng quà cho thân nhân các nạn nhân tử vong và mất tích trong 2 vụ chìm tàu tại Quảng Nam". Thông tấn xã Việt Nam (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
  25. ↑ "Quảng Nam: Công bố danh tính 12 ngư dân mất tích trong vụ chìm tàu". Báo Quân đội Nhân dân (in Vietnamese). October 17, 2023. Archived from the original on May 27, 2024. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
  26. ↑ Lam Nguyễn (October 15, 2023). "Tin tức thời tiết hôm nay 15.10.2023: Mưa lớn từ Hà Tĩnh đến Bình Định". Báo Thanh niên (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on October 15, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  27. ↑ Tác giả NY (October 15, 2023). "Vùng áp thấp mạnh thêm, miền Trung tiếp tục hứng mưa lớn". Báo Công an Nhân dân điện tử (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on May 29, 2024. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  28. ↑ Thu Trang (October 14, 2023). "Vùng áp thấp trên Biển Đông khiến mưa lũ ở miền Trung diễn biến khó lường". Tin tức - Thông tấn Xã Việt Nam (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on October 23, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
  29. ↑ "Lần đầu tiên trong lịch sử: Cảnh báo rủi ro thiên tai cấp 4 tại Huế - Đà Nẵng vì mưa lớn". Báo điện tử Tiền Phong (in Vietamese). October 14, 2023. Archived from the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  30. ↑ Tin phát lúc 20h (October 19, 2023). "TIN BÃO KHẨN CẤP (CƠN BÃO SỐ 5)". Trung tâm Dự báo Khí tượng Thủy văn Quốc gia. Archived from the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved October 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  31. ↑ Văn Duẩn (October 18, 2023). "Bão số 5 khả năng đổi hướng đột ngột trên Vịnh Bắc Bộ". Báo Người Lao Động (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on October 18, 2023. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  32. ↑ Chí Tuệ (October 20, 2023). "Bão số 5 không còn khả năng ảnh hưởng đến đất liền nước ta". Tuổi trẻ Online (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on October 20, 2023. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  33. ↑ Theo Trung tâm Dự báo khí tượng thủy văn Quốc gia (October 20, 2023). "Bão số 5 suy yếu thành áp thấp nhiệt đới". Báo Điện tử VTV (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on October 21, 2023. Retrieved October 25, 2023.
  34. ↑ Dẫn tin từ Trung tâm DBKTTV (October 19, 2023). "Do ảnh hưởng của bão số 5, đảo Bạch Long Vĩ đã có gió mạnh cấp 6". Đài Tiếng nói Việt Nam (in Vietnam). Archived from the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  35. ↑ CÔNG BỐ SỐ LIỆU THIỆT HẠI DO THIÊN TAI GÂY RA TRONG PHẠM VI CẢ NƯỚC NĂM 2023 (PDF). Vietnam Disaster Management Authority (Report) (in Vietnamese). February 21, 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 4, 2024. Retrieved April 4, 2024.
  36. ↑ 刚刚，台风"三巴"生成！三亚全市幼儿园、托儿所今日下午停课→_澎湃号·媒体_澎湃新闻. www.thepaper.cn (in Simpified Chinese). Archived from the original on November 25, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  37. ↑ 台风"三巴"生成！三亚涉山涉水景区暂停营业-新闻中心-南海网. www.hinews.cn (in Simpified Chinese). October 18, 2023. Archived from the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  38. ↑ 三级应急响应！三级台风预警！海口三港停运时间. 网易 (in Simpified Chinese). October 18, 2023. Retrieved October 19, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  39. ↑ "三巴"20日晚在海南临高登陆后减弱消散 21日～24日海南岛有新一轮强降水天气过程. Hainan Meteorological Service (in Simpified Chinese). October 21, 2023. Archived from the original on October 26, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  40. ↑ 部分航线停航 广西启动Ⅳ级应急响应防御今年第16号台风“三巴”. CCTV.com (in Simplified Chinese). October 18, 2023. Retrieved October 19, 2023.
  41. ↑ 台风“三巴”致多地暴雨 广西一地24小时降雨778.1毫米. Content CCTV News. October 21, 2023. Archived from the original on November 2, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
  42. 1 2 MEMBER REPORT [China] (PDF). WMO Typhoon Committee (Report). November 28, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 29, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.
  43. ↑ Li, Yan (October 20, 2023). 台风“三巴”可能在北海到雷州半岛一带沿海登陆. China News Service (in Simpified Chinese). Archived from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  44. 1 2 3 应急管理部发布2023年10月全国自然灾害情况--中华人民共和国应急管理部. Ministry of Emergency Management (in Simpified Chinese). November 3, 2023. Archived from the original on November 24, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  45. 1 2 "受台风“三巴”影响广西多地强降雨 部分城市出现内涝. Content CCTV News (in Simpified Chinese). October 19, 2023. Archived from the original on November 26, 2023. Retrieved November 26, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  46. 1 2 广西玉林：台风致多地暴雨内涝 消防营救疏散580人. Content CCTV News (in Simpified Chinese). Archived from the original on November 26, 2023. Retrieved November 26, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  47. ↑ 台风“三巴”致北部湾一货船遇险 5名船员平安获救央视新闻客户端. Content CCTV News (in Simpified Chinese). Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  48. 1 2 广东茂名启动防汛Ⅲ级应急响应 部分地区停课. China News Service (in Simpified Chinese). October 20, 2023. Archived from the original on October 20, 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  49. 1 2 3 广东吴川市防汛应急响应提升为Ⅱ级. Jiemian (in Simpified Chinese). October 20, 2023. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved December 7, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  50. ↑ 广东一地暴雨遭水浸，宣布停课. People's Daily (in Simpified Chinese). October 19, 2023. Archived from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  51. ↑ 台风"三巴"给广东带来风雨影响. China National Radio (in Simpified Chinese). October 19, 2023. Archived from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved November 24, 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  52. ↑ Guangdong Communist Youth League of China (October 20, 2023). 台风再次登陆！茂名停课，高州水库泄洪. WeChat (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on December 23, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  53. ↑ 倪清江 (October 17, 2023). 冷強烈季候風信號生效風力如3號風球 天文台指陣風達8號風球烈風. HK01 (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  54. ↑ "TDM" 冷鋒南下 本澳週五料轉吹較大偏北風. Teledifusão de Macau (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  55. ↑ "TDM" 黃色暴雨警告晚上8時05分生效. Teledifusão de Macau (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
Tropical Storm Sanba
Sanba 2023-10-19 0600Z.jpg
Sanba near peak intensity over the Gulf of Tonkin on October 19
Tropical cyclones of the 2023 Pacific typhoon season
2023 Pacific typhoon season summary.png
TD
TD
TD
Amang
TS
Sanvu
TD
TD
VITY
Mawar
TY
Guchol
TD
TD
STS
Talim
VSTY
Doksuri
VSTY
Khanun
TD
TD
VSTY
Lan
TY
Dora
TD
TD
VITY
Saola
STS
Damrey
VSTY
Haikui
TS
Kirogi
TD
TD
TS
Yun-yeung
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
TD
13W
VSTY
Koinu
VITY
Bolaven
TS
Sanba
TD
17W
TS
Jelawat
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