1863 in Canada

Decades:	1840s ; 1850s ; 1860s ; 1870s ; 1880s ;
See also:	History of Canada ; Timeline of Canadian history ; List of years in Canada ;

Last updated December 21, 2024

Incumbents

Monarch — Victoria ^[1]

Federal government

Parliament — 7th then 8th

Governors

Governor General of the Province of Canada — Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
Colonial Governor of Newfoundland — Alexander Bannerman
Governor of New Brunswick — Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore
Governor of Nova Scotia — George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby
Governor of Prince Edward Island — George Dundas

Premiers

Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada –
- John Sandfield Macdonald, Canada West Premier
- Louis-Victor Sicotte, Canada East Premier until May 15, 1863
- Antoine-Aimé Dorion, Canada East Premier on May 15, 1863
Premier of Newfoundland — Hugh Hoyles
Premiers of New Brunswick — Samuel Leonard Tilley
Premiers of Nova Scotia –
- Joseph Howe (until June 5, 1863)
- James William Johnston (on June 11, 1863)
Premier of Prince Edward Island –
- Edward Palmer (before March 2, 1863)
- John Hamilton Gray (on March 2, 1863)

Parliaments and Assemblies

Events

March 17 — U.S. gives notice of intent to abrogate reciprocity.
September 5 — Louis-Victor Sicotte appointed a puisne judge of the Superior Court for Saint-Hyacinthe District
December 7 — New Brunswick and Nova Scotia: the Chesapeake Affair.
Militia Pay Act for all males 18–60.

Births

February 3 — James White, geographer
May 19 — John Alexander Mathieson, jurist, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1947)
July 1 — William Grant Stairs, explorer, soldier and adventurer (died 1892)
October 4 — Peter Veniot, businessman, newspaper owner, politician and 17th Premier of New Brunswick (died 1936)
October 10 — Louis Cyr, strongman (died 1912)
November 14 — Edward Foster, fingerprint expert

Deaths

January 17 — Peter Warren Dease, HBC officer and Arctic explorer (born 1788)
January 31 — Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of Toronto, lawyer, judge and political figure (born 1791)
November 20 — James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, Governor General (born 1811)
December 10 — James FitzGibbon, British colonel who served in Canada for 45 years (born 1780)

Historical documents

Prevalence of death in girls among "imperfect" statistics from Indigenous schools and hospitals (Note: "uncivilized," other stereotypes)^[2]
Report on escaped slaves in Canada West says they are doing well ^[3]
Editorial on high rate of Canadian emigration to U.S.A.^[4]
Montreal doctor advocates making smallpox vaccination compulsory^[5]
Ice bridge forms on Niagara River ^[6]

References

↑ "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
↑ Florence Nightingale, Sanitary Statistics of Native Colonial Schools and Hospitals (1863), pgs. 4-14 plus appendices. Accessed 16 February 2020
↑ S.G. (Samuel Gridley) Howe, The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West: Report to the Freedmen's Inquiry Commission (Boston: Wright & Potter, Printers, 1864; Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Library, 2005), pgs. III-IV. Accessed 5 September 2018
↑ "Leaving Canada" The Seattle Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 3 (December 26, 1863), pg. 2. Accessed 5 September 2018
↑ Wm. H. Hingston, M.D., "A Few Remarks on Vaccination and Re-Vaccination" Canada Lancet, Vol. 1, No. 10 (December 15, 1863), pg. 1. Accessed 5 September 2018
↑ "Ice Bridge at Niagara" The Illustrated London News (April 4, 1863), The Civil War in America from The Illustrated London News. Accessed 20 September 2018

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[1] "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.

[2] Florence Nightingale, Sanitary Statistics of Native Colonial Schools and Hospitals (1863), pgs. 4-14 plus appendices. Accessed 16 February 2020

[3] S.G. (Samuel Gridley) Howe, The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West: Report to the Freedmen's Inquiry Commission (Boston: Wright & Potter, Printers, 1864; Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Library, 2005), pgs. III-IV. Accessed 5 September 2018

[4] "Leaving Canada" The Seattle Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 3 (December 26, 1863), pg. 2. Accessed 5 September 2018

[5] Wm. H. Hingston, M.D., "A Few Remarks on Vaccination and Re-Vaccination" Canada Lancet, Vol. 1, No. 10 (December 15, 1863), pg. 1. Accessed 5 September 2018

[6] "Ice Bridge at Niagara" The Illustrated London News (April 4, 1863), The Civil War in America from The Illustrated London News. Accessed 20 September 2018

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