2009 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill

Last updated

2009 Liberal Party of Australia
leadership spill
Liberal-Party-of-Australia-stub.svg
←  2008 1 December 2009 February 2015  →
  Tony Abbott - 2010.jpg Turnbull.JPG Joe Hockey portrait 1.jpg
Candidate Tony Abbott Malcolm Turnbull Joe Hockey
First ballot35 (41.7%)26 (31.0%)23 (27.4%)
Second ballot42 (50.6%)41 (49.4%)Eliminated
Seat Warringah (NSW) Wentworth (NSW) North Sydney (NSW)
Faction Conservative Moderates Moderates
Leader before election

Malcolm Turnbull

Elected Leader

Tony Abbott

A leadership spill for the Liberal Party of Australia was held on 1 December 2009. The incumbent leader Malcolm Turnbull was defeated by Tony Abbott on the second ballot; Joe Hockey also stood as a candidate. Abbott thus replaced Turnbull as Leader of the Opposition, and would lead the party to the 2010 federal election.

Contents

The spill was the culmination of a dispute within the Liberal Party over its response to the Rudd government's proposed emissions trading scheme (ETS). Turnbull supported the introduction of an ETS and sought to negotiate amendments to government's proposed legislation. Abbott came to represent many Liberal MPs who were climate change deniers or otherwise opposed the ETS. After Turnbull survived a spill motion (a motion to declare the leadership vacant [1] ) against his leadership in late November 2009, Abbott declared his candidacy and a subsequent spill was moved on 1 December. Hockey—a moderate who had been a supporter of Turnbull's position on the ETS—also stood. While Hockey had been expected to win, he was knocked out in the first round of voting. Abbott subsequently defeated Turnbull in the second round, 42–41. Julie Bishop, who voted for Turnbull, was re-elected unopposed as the party's deputy leader.

Background

Malcolm Turnbull was elected to the House of Representatives in the 2004 federal election. In January 2007 he was appointed Minister for the Environment and Water Resources by Prime Minister John Howard. [2] [3] After the Australian Labor Party defeated the Howard government in the 2007 election, Turnbull, Brendan Nelson and Tony Abbott announced they would each contest the Liberal Party leadership. [4] Nelson defeated Turnbull in a ballot after Abbott withdrew his candidacy. Turnbull became the Shadow Treasurer on Nelson's frontbench. [5]

Nelson's leadership of the Liberal Party was beset by poor opinion poll numbers. [6] [7] There was speculation that Turnbull would challenge Nelson for the leadership in late 2008; however, Nelson caught Turnbull by surprise by calling a snap spill of the party's leadership positions while Turnbull was returning from an overseas holiday. [8] The spill was moved on 16 September 2008. Turnbull defeated Nelson by four votes, becoming the leader of the Liberal Party and of the Opposition Coalition between the Liberals and the National Party. [9] Nelson later resigned from the House of Representatives. [10]

Climate change policy dispute

Kevin Andrews in 2014 Kevin Andrews Feb 2014 b.jpg
Kevin Andrews in 2014

Turnbull was regarded as a "believer" in global warming. As Environment Minister, he had overseen the introduction of an emissions trading scheme (ETS) as a policy of the Liberal Party shortly before the Howard government's defeat. However, many of Turnbull's fellow MPs in the Coalition were climate change deniers. Tensions within the Coalition on climate change policy had contributed to the downfall of Nelson's leadership. [11]

As leader of the Liberal Party, Turnbull supported the introduction of an ETS. In June 2009, he indicated in principle support for an ETS proposed by the Rudd government despite the opposition of his Coalition partner, the National Party. [12] Turnbull subsequently outlined the Coalition's position that it would oppose the ETS introduced to Parliament by the government, but would be open to negotiating an amended version. [13]

Turnbull's willingness to negotiate with the government was met with opposition from some Coalition MPs. By September 2009, The Australian was reporting that only 12 of the 59 Liberal backbenchers supported negotiations. [14] On 18 October 2009, Turnbull fronted a meeting of Coalition MPs with a proposal to negotiate amendments to the government's ETS. This meeting supported his proposal, in what was seen as a test of Turnbull's leadership. [15] [16] However, there was speculation that a number of Coalition Senators would defy Turnbull and cross the floor of the Senate to vote against any ETS legislation. [17] The ETS opponents argued that it would be premature for Parliament to pass ETS legislation before the Copenhagen Summit on climate change. [18]

The divisions within the Coalition were laid bare in an episode of Four Corners , aired by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation on 9 November 2009. The program featured the Coalition's leader in the Senate, Nick Minchin, suggesting that man-made climate change was a conspiracy of the political left and disputing Turnbull's authority to strike a deal with the government on the ETS. [19] Later in the month, Minchin spoke against the ETS in the Senate. Abbott—who had publicly supported the ETS—was now arguing that the Coalition should abandon the policy. [20] Turnbull attacked Abbott's change of mind, stating: "Tony has expressed a number of views, each of which is at odds with the view he expressed before". [21]

On 23 November 2009, the Coalition's climate change spokesman Ian Macfarlane agreed to a deal with the government to amend the ETS legislation. [22] The amendments provided industry with substantial compensation and exemptions from the ETS. Turnbull took the deal to Liberal MPs for formal approval, but a majority of backbenchers opposed it. Turnbull nonetheless claimed he had the Coalition's support, by counting as supporters the 20 members of the Coalition Shadow Cabinet who he argued should be presumed to support the deal. This claim was met with rancour by his opponents in the Coalition. [23]

Anger at Turnbull's response to the 23 November 2009 meeting triggered a spill motion against his leadership three days later. The motion was moved by Kevin Andrews, a former Minister in the Howard government, but was defeated by a vote of 48 to 35. [24] [25] Andrews was not seen as a genuine prospect for the leadership, so the close vote on the spill motion was considered a blow to Turnbull. [26] While Abbott supported Turnbull at the time of Andrews' spill, [27] he subsequently resigned from the frontbench. [28] Several others joined Abbott in resigning, including Nick Minchin, Eric Abetz, Sophie Mirabella and Tony Smith. [29]

Abbott and Hockey challenges

Abbott announced on 27 November—one day after Turnbull survived Kevin Andrews' spill motion—that he would challenge Turnbull for the leadership. Abbott committed to withdrawing his candidacy if Joe Hockey was to challenge. [30] Abbott confirmed his opposition to the ETS legislation, questioning why Australia would legislate for a potentially detrimental economic measure before other countries had committed to do the same. [31] A Newspoll released on 30 November placed Hockey at 33%, Turnbull at 30% and Abbott at 19%, when voters were asked who would be the "best person to lead" the Liberal Party. [32] [33] Speculation flourished that Hockey would challenge Turnbull, and Hockey consulted senior party dignitaries such as Howard and Costello about whether he should run. [34]

Hockey faced a dilemma. A moderate in the Liberal Party, Hockey had been a consistent supporter of the ETS. Running against Turnbull would mean taking the leadership with the support of the party's right wing and climate change deniers. [35] Turnbull seized on the dilemma, claiming Hockey had given Turnbull his "complete support" and was still a firm supporter of the ETS legislation. [36]

Hockey attempted to resolve his dilemma by declaring that as leader he would allow a conscience vote on the ETS legislation. Abbott rejected Hockey's declaration, and reneged on his earlier indication that he would withdraw his candidacy for Hockey. Abbott stated: "It now seems pretty clear we could change the leader to Joe and these offensive bills could still go through the Parliament". [37] On Hockey's candidacy, Turnbull claimed that Hockey had pledged his opposition to the spill motion. However, it was expected that if the spill motion succeeded, Hockey would stand for the leadership against Turnbull and Abbott. [38] Hockey was generally expected to win the ballot and become leader. [39] [40] To the end, Turnbull refused to stand aside as leader, insisting he would defeat the spill motion. [41] Hockey later alleged that Turnbull had promised he would not stand against Hockey if the spill motion was successful. Turnbull denied that he had given, and therefore broken, any such undertaking. [42]

Results

On 1 December 2009, Liberal MPs convened to consider the spill motion to vacate the leadership. The motion passed 48–34, following which Turnbull, Hockey and Abbott contested a ballot. [43] Hockey was seen as the favourite to win the ballot, but was knocked out in the first round of voting, receiving 23 votes to Turnbull's 26 and Abbott's 35. A second round of voting ensued, in which Abbott defeated Turnbull by one vote (42–41). [44] Fran Bailey, a supporter of Turnbull, was absent for the vote, [45] and there was one vote of "no", which was recorded as informal. [46] [47]

Julie Bishop remained the deputy leader of the party, without being challenged for the position. Abbott thus became the third consecutive leader, after Nelson and Turnbull, for whom Bishop would serve as deputy. [48] After the ballots, Bishop declared that she had voted for Turnbull, [49] although Turnbull doubted her loyalty and Bishop resorted to proving it by retrieving her ballot papers. [50]

Ballots

Spill motion to vacate leadership
SupportVotes
Yes48
No34
Leadership ballot
CandidateFirst roundSecond round
Tony Abbott 3542
Malcolm Turnbull 2641
Joe Hockey 23Eliminated

Aftermath

Abbott said he was "humbled and daunted" by his unexpected election, [51] while Hockey expressed surprise at his defeat. [52] Upon his election, Abbott acknowledged his propensity for making controversial public statements—which with his Catholicism and background as a trainee priest earned him the moniker of "the Mad Monk"—and apologised for all his "errors of the past". [53] [54] A week after the ballot, Abbott named his Shadow Cabinet. Hockey remained in the key position of Shadow Treasurer. Three Howard government veterans— Kevin Andrews, Philip Ruddock and Bronwyn Bishop —were recalled from the backbench, and outspoken National Party MP and climate change denier Barnaby Joyce was appointed to the shadow Finance portfolio. [55] Turnbull voluntarily moved to the backbench. [56]

Under Abbott's leadership, the Liberal Party voted against the ETS legislation in the Senate on 3 December 2009. Two Liberal Senators— Judith Troeth and Sue Boyce — crossed the floor to support the legislation. [57] In February 2010, Abbott outlined his alternative climate change policy, which would directly fund or subsidise emission reduction measures rather than cap emissions from industry. [58]

Speaking in the House of Representatives in February 2010, Turnbull attacked Abbott's climate change policy and praised the government's ETS legislation. He argued that Abbott's subsidy-based policy would be a "recipe for fiscal recklessness". [59] Turnbull later announced he would leave Parliament at the end of his term, before changing his mind within weeks. He claimed that his change of mind was the result of his anger at the government's decision to delay its ETS legislation until 2013. [60] [61] He denied being interested in regaining the leadership of the Liberal Party, saying "I don't think there is any likelihood of that I assure you". [60] Turnbull subsequently gave qualified support to Abbott's climate change policy, arguing that while it was inferior to an ETS in principle, it was preferable to the government's approach of delaying action until 2013. [62] While it was the third leadership spill motion in three years, the Liberal Party did not attempt another spill motion for six years after, until the February 2015 leadership spill motion which was defeated 61 votes to 39. In September 2015, Malcolm Turnbull called for another spill, directly challenging Tony Abbott in a rematch between the two, and winning the vote 54–44 to return to the position of leader of the Liberal Party, and as a result, displaced Abbott as Prime Minister of Australia.

For Hockey it is viewed that his failure to come up with a firm position on the ETS had blown what turned out to be his only chance to become Liberal leader in 2009.

When Prime Minister Tony Abbott's leadership came under question in 2014 and 2015, Hockey now Treasurer was not speculated as a potential successor to Abbott.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malcolm Turnbull</span> Prime Minister of Australia from 2015 to 2018

Malcolm Bligh Turnbull is an Australian former politician and businessman who served as the 29th prime minister of Australia from 2015 to 2018. He held office as leader of the Liberal Party of Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tony Abbott</span> Prime minister of Australia from 2013 to 2015

Anthony John Abbott is an Australian former politician who served as the 28th prime minister of Australia from 2013 to 2015. He held office as the leader of the Liberal Party of Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bronwyn Bishop</span> Australian politician

Bronwyn Kathleen Bishop is an Australian former politician. She was a member of federal parliament for almost 30 years, the longest period of service by a woman. A member of the Liberal Party, she was a minister in the Howard government from 1996 to 2001 and Speaker of the House of Representatives from 2013 to 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Julie Bishop</span> Australian politician (born 1956)

Julie Isabel Bishop is an Australian former politician who served as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2013 to 2018 and deputy leader of the Liberal Party from 2007 to 2018. She was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Curtin from 1998 to 2019. She has been the chancellor of the Australian National University since January 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steven Ciobo</span> Australian politician

Steven Michele Ciobo is a retired Australian politician who represented the Division of Moncrieff in the House of Representatives from the 2001 federal election until his retirement at the 2019 election. He was a member of the Liberal National Party of Queensland, and sat with the Liberal Party in federal parliament. On 1 March 2019 Ciobo announced his decision to retire from politics at the 2019 federal election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sophie Mirabella</span> Australian lawyer and former politician

Sophie Mirabella is an Australian lawyer and former politician who currently serves as a Commissioner on the Fair Work Commission since 24 May 2021. She was previously a Liberal Party member of the Australian House of Representatives from 2001 to 2013, representing the Division of Indi, Victoria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joe Hockey</span> Australian politician

Joseph Benedict Hockey is an Australian former politician and diplomat. He was the Member of Parliament for North Sydney from 1996 until 2015. He was the Treasurer of Australia in the Abbott government from 18 September 2013 until September 2015 when he resigned from Cabinet, having refused an alternative offer from the incoming Prime Minister, Malcolm Turnbull. He previously served as the Minister for Human Services and Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations in the Howard government. He also served as Ambassador of Australia to the United States from January 2016 until January 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sussan Ley</span> Australian politician (born 1961)

Sussan Penelope Ley is an Australian politician who has been deputy leader of the Liberal Party and Deputy Leader of the Opposition since May 2022. She has been member of parliament (MP) for the New South Wales seat of Farrer since 2001 and was a cabinet minister in the Abbott, Turnbull and Morrison governments.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Keenan (politician)</span> Australian politician

Michael Fayat Keenan is an Australian former politician who was a member of the House of Representatives representing the Division of Stirling for the Liberal Party from the 2004 federal election until his retirement in 2019. He was the Minister for Human Services and the Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for Digital Transformation in the Morrison government from 2017 until his retirement. He previously served as Minister for Justice from 2013 to 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rob Oakeshott</span> Australian politician

Robert James Murray Oakeshott is a retired Australian politician. He was the independent Member of the House of Representatives for the Division of Lyne in New South Wales from 2008, when he won the 2008 Lyne by-election, until his retirement in 2013. Oakeshott described his views as economically conservative and socially progressive.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2007 Liberal Party of Australia leadership election</span>

A spill of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia took place on 29 November 2007, following the defeat of the Howard government at the federal election five days earlier. The resulting ballot was an open race as outgoing Prime Minister John Howard had lost his own seat at the election, and his preferred successor Peter Costello refused to stand.

In Australian politics, leadership spill is a colloquialism referring to a declaration that the leadership of a parliamentary party is vacant and open for contest. A spill may involve all or some of the leadership positions. Where a rival to the existing leader calls for a spill it may also be called a leadership challenge. When successful, it is often said that the former leader has been "rolled". In Australian English the colloquial use of the word "spill" seems to have begun in the mid-1940s with the contest to replace Prime Minister John Curtin after his death on 5 July 1945.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2008 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill</span>

A spill of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia took place on 15 September 2008. At a ballot on 16 September, Shadow Treasurer Malcolm Turnbull defeated the incumbent leader Brendan Nelson 45 votes to 41.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dan Tehan</span> Australian politician (born 1968)

Daniel Thomas Tehan is an Australian politician. He is a member of the Liberal Party and has been a member of the House of Representatives since the 2010 election, representing the Victorian seat of Wannon. He held ministerial office in the Coalition governments under Malcolm Turnbull and Scott Morrison, serving as Minister for Defence Materiel (2016), Defence Personnel (2016–2017), Veterans' Affairs (2016–2017), Social Services (2017–2018), Education (2018–2020), and Trade, Tourism and Investment. He was a public servant and political adviser before entering parliament.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clean Energy Act 2011</span>

The Clean Energy Act 2011 was an Act of the Australian Parliament, the main Act in a package of legislation that established an Australian emissions trading scheme (ETS), to be preceded by a three-year period of fixed carbon pricing in Australia designed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions as part of efforts to combat global warming.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abbott government</span> 2013–2015 federal executive government of Australia

The Abbott government was the federal executive government of Australia led by the 28th Prime Minister Tony Abbott. The government was made up of members of the Liberal–National Coalition. The Leader of The Nationals, Warren Truss, served as Deputy Prime Minister. Following the 2013 Australian federal election held on 7 September, the Coalition defeated the second Rudd government, ending six years of Labor government. The Abbott government was sworn into office on 18 September 2013. Less than two years later on 14 September 2015, Malcolm Turnbull defeated Abbott in a leadership ballot, 54 votes to 44 and the Turnbull government became the executive government of Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">February 2015 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill motion</span>

A motion seeking a leadership spill of the federal parliamentary leader of the Liberal Party of Australia, Prime Minister and Deputy Leader was proposed in a meeting of the parliamentary Liberal Party on 9 February 2015. Luke Simpkins and Don Randall moved the spill motion at the meeting. Incumbent Prime Minister Tony Abbott and deputy leader of the Liberal Party Julie Bishop jointly stood in opposition to the motion which was defeated by 61 votes to 39.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">September 2015 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill</span>

A motion seeking a leadership spill of the federal parliamentary leader of the Liberal Party of Australia and Prime Minister was proposed by Malcolm Turnbull, who requested the ballot on 14 September 2015. The incumbent Prime Minister, Tony Abbott, announced that a meeting of Liberal members of the House and Senate would take place at 9:15 pm AEST on 14 September 2015 for the purpose of a spill motion. During the meeting a vote was held for the leadership and deputy leadership. Turnbull defeated Abbott, 54 votes to 44, becoming the leader of the Liberal Party of Australia and Prime Minister-nominee. Julie Bishop retained her position of deputy leader defeating Kevin Andrews 70 votes to 30.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Turnbull government</span> Australian government, 2015–18

The Turnbull government was the federal executive government of Australia led by the 29th prime minister of Australia, Malcolm Turnbull, from 2015 to 2018. It succeeded the Abbott government, which brought the Coalition to power at the 2013 Australian federal election. The government consisted of members of Australia's Liberal-Nationals Coalition. Turnbull took office by challenging his leader, Tony Abbott, in an internal leadership ballot. Warren Truss, the leader of the Nationals, served as Deputy Prime Minister until he retired in 2016 and was replaced by Barnaby Joyce. Joyce resigned in February 2018 and the Nationals' new leader Michael McCormack became Deputy Prime Minister. The Turnbull government concluded with Turnbull's resignation ahead of internal leadership ballot which saw him succeeded as Prime Minister by Scott Morrison and the Morrison government.

Leadership spills of the federal parliamentary leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia were held on 21 and 24 August 2018 and were called by the incumbent leader of the party, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull.

References

  1. ↑ Macquarie Dictionary Online. Macquarie Online Pty Ltd. Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  2. ↑ Hudson, Phillip (8 June 2010). "Malcolm Turnbull announces he will quit parliament and won't contest his seat of Wentworth at next federal election". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  3. ↑ Rodgers, Emma (6 April 2010). "Turnbull walks away with swipe at Abbott". 702 ABC Sydney . Australian Broadcasting Corporation . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  4. ↑ Hudson, Phillip (26 November 2007). "Nelson v Abbott v Turnbull". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  5. ↑ "Turnbull new shadow treasurer". The Courier-Mail . Queensland Newspapers. 28 November 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  6. ↑ Coorey, Phillip (2 September 2008). "Liberals' push to throw the book at Nelson". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  7. ↑ "Liberals struggled under Nelson: poll". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. 20 September 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  8. ↑ Packham, Ben (16 September 2008). "Brendan Nelson pulls Italian job on challenger Malcolm Turnbull". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  9. ↑ Barrowclough, Anne. "Australian Liberals leader ousted in snap election ballot". The Times . News International . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  10. ↑ Kerr, Christian (21 October 2009). "Brendan Nelson signs off, then hits the road". The Australian . News Limited. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  11. ↑ Carney, Shaun (6 May 2009). "Climate change debate gets messy". The Age . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  12. ↑ Davis, Mark (1 June 2009). "Coalition split looms over emissions trading". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  13. ↑ Coorey, Phillip (27 July 2009). "Turnbull lashes out at climate sceptics". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  14. ↑ "Liberal backbench against negotiating with Labor on Emissions Trading Scheme". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times. 29 September 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  15. ↑ "Emissions trading scheme vote is Malcolm Turnbull's test". perthnow. News Limited. 18 October 2009. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  16. ↑ Alexander, Cathy (18 October 2009). "Turnbull triumphs on climate amendments". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  17. ↑ Gordon, Josh (18 October 2009). "Mutiny looms for Turnbull over emissions deal". The Age . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  18. ↑ Maiden, Samantha (17 November 2009). "Turnbull faces ETS revolt from 10 MPs". The Australian . News Limited. Archived from the original on 13 May 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  19. ↑ Coorey, Phillip (10 November 2009). "Climate row hits boiling point". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  20. ↑ Coorey, Phillip (19 November 2009). "Turnbull burnt by revolt on climate". Brisbane Times . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  21. ↑ Grattan, Michelle (21 November 2009). "Turnbull takes aim at Abbott". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  22. ↑ Coorey, Phillip (24 November 2009). "Turnbull cuts a deal". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  23. ↑ Coorey, Phillip (25 November 2009). "Malcolm Turnbull survives backbench revolt, for now". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 8 June 2010.
  24. ↑ "Turnbull's chance to rebuild". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. 26 November 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  25. ↑ "Turnbull won't survive, says Andrews". perthnow. News Limited. 27 November 2009. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  26. ↑ van Onselen, Peter (26 November 2009). "Turnbull has two choices and both lead to oblivion". The Australian . News Limited. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  27. ↑ "I'm ready to challenge Turnbull: Andrews". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. 25 November 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  28. ↑ Shanahan, Dennis (26 November 2009). "Tony Abbott resigns from Liberal front bench over ETS stance". perthnow. News Limited. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  29. ↑ Franklin, Matthew; Shanahan, Dennis (27 November 2009). "Malcolm Turnbull defies mutineers". The Australian . News Limited. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  30. ↑ "Turnbull defiant, Abbot to seek leadership". perthnow. News Limited. 29 November 2009. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  31. ↑ Maiden, Samantha (27 November 2009). "Tony Abbott will challenge Malcolm Turnbull on Monday". The Australian . News Limited. Archived from the original on 3 October 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  32. ↑ "Newspoll" (PDF). 30 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2009. Retrieved 1 December 2009.
  33. ↑ Shanahan, Dennis (30 November 2009). "Malcolm Turnbull pays the price for mayhem". The Australian . News Limited. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  34. ↑ Franklin, Matthew (30 November 2009). "Joe Hockey set to take on Malcolm Turnbull". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  35. ↑ Milne, Glenn (30 November 2009). "Joe Hockey's political hot potato". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  36. ↑ "Malcolm Turnbull says he has Joe Hockey's 'complete support'". Adelaidenow. News Limited. 29 November 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  37. ↑ Farr, Malcolm (30 November 2009). "Tony Abbott to stand against Joe Hockey, Malcolm Turnbull for Liberal leadership". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  38. ↑ Maiden, Samantha (30 November 2009). "Tony Abbott reneges on Joe Hockey leadership deal to stand in spill tomorrow". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  39. ↑ "Hockey sticks with Abbott on front bench". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. 2 December 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  40. ↑ Riseborough, Jesse (1 December 2009). "Hockey Likely to Contest Liberal Party Leadership (Update2)". bloomberg.com. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  41. ↑ Packham, Ben; Lewis, Steve (30 November 2009). "Malcolm Turnbull defiant over his leadership and says he has the support of Joe Hockey should there be a leadership spill". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 9 June 2010.
  42. ↑ Kelly, Paul (3 December 2009). "Liberal party making policy on the run". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  43. ↑ "New Liberal Party leader Tony Abbott tells how he plans to beat PM Kevin Rudd". The Daily Telegraph . News Limited. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  44. ↑ Packham, Ben; Drape, Julian (1 December 2009). "Premier John Brumby wonders whether new federal Liberal leader Tony Abbott will have his heart in the job". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  45. ↑ McMahon, Stephen (1 December 2009). "Liberal leadership ballot decided by single vote after Victorian MP Fran Bailey failed to travel". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  46. ↑ Maley, Paul (2 December 2009). "I was asked to be a hypocrite; I could not: Joe Hockey". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  47. ↑ "Abbott wins Liberal leadership (transcript)". The World Today . Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  48. ↑ Kerr, Christian (2 December 2009). "Julie Bishop keeps job continuity as deputy leader". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  49. ↑ "Deputy leader Bishop voted for Turnbull". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  50. ↑ Schubert, Misha; Murphy, Katharine (4 December 2009). "Bishop accused of dodging Turnbull". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  51. ↑ Chipperfield, Mark (1 December 2009). "'Mad Monk' Tony Abbott dooms Kevin Rudd's Australian climate change bill". The Times. News International . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  52. ↑ "Hockey congratulates Abbott". Brisbane Times . Fairfax Media. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  53. ↑ "Profile: Tony Abbott". BBC News . British Broadcasting Corporation. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  54. ↑ O'Mally, Sandra (1 December 2009). "Abbott pledges to tackle govt head on". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 12 June 2010.
  55. ↑ Packham, Ben (8 December 2009). "Opposition Leader Tony Abbott unveils new shadow cabinet". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  56. ↑ Berkovic, Nicola (2 December 2009). "Malcolm Turnbull takes time to rethink his future". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  57. ↑ Davis, Mark (3 December 2009). "Divisions exposed as two senators cross the floor". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  58. ↑ Franklin, Matthew (3 February 2010). "Tony Abbott's climate change plan a 'populist con job'". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  59. ↑ Grattan, Michelle; Arup; Tom (9 February 2010). "'Brave' Turnbull blasts Liberal plan to cut emissions". The Age . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  60. 1 2 Hayes, Isabel (1 May 2010). "Turnbull to recontest Wentworth". Sydney Morning Herald . Fairfax Media . Retrieved 10 June 2010.
  61. ↑ "Kevin Rudd delays plans for emissions trading scheme until 2013". Herald Sun . The Herald and Weekly Times. 27 April 2010. Retrieved 6 July 2010.
  62. ↑ Franklin, Matthew (19 May 2010). "Malcom Turnbull backs Tony Abbott on climate". The Australian . News Limited . Retrieved 6 July 2010.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.