2015 China Victory Day Parade

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The following countries sent their former leaders to the parade :

Leaders of the following international organizations were in attendance:

In addition, many embassies around Beijing also sent their defense attaches and military generals to attend the parade.

Criticisms

Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council, President Ma Ying-jeou and his Kuomintang objected to the event and what they see as the CCP usurping credit for leading the Chinese defence against Japan during World War II. [38] [39] However, former Chairman of the Kuomintang Lien Chan also attended the parade, ostensibly in his personal capacity, sparking controversy at home. [38] [39] Whilst Tsai Ing-wen, leader of the Taiwanese opposition, criticised Lian for failing to represent the views of the majority of Taiwanese, observers noted that Lien had considerable business interests on the mainland he sought to protect, likewise the Kuomintang also had interests on the mainland. [40] [41] [42] Hong Kong commentator Frank Ching added that Lien Chan's presence at the ceremony undermined the KMT, as China appeared to erase the role of the Nationalists in defending China. [43]

Other pundits said that the main object of the parade was to rewrite history and elevate the CCP's position in ending the war. [6] [9] [43]

Kyodo News Agency cited a US department of State spokesman that United States objected the President of Sudan Bashir to attend the parade in the news conference held on 31 August 2015. He stated that China should consider about the international society's worry as a UN security council member with inviting or assisting someone who is wanted under the document of warrant signed by ICC. [44]

Parade groups

Some 12,000 troops marched along Chang'an Avenue up to Tiananmen for inspection by Chinese leader Xi Jinping and the two living former leaders Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao. [11] There were 10 squads: 9 from the People's Liberation Army and 1 from the People's Armed Police). Each squad had 350 soldiers excluding the color guards, and were led by two major generals or lieutenant generals in active service. In total, 56 generals participated in the event. The military vehicle contingent were led by two Air Force lieutenant generals, a vice admiral and a lieutenant general of the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force: Tian Zhong, deputy commander of the PLA Navy, Chen Dong, deputy commander of the PLA Air Force, Wu Guohua, deputy commander of the PLA Rocket Force. Zheng Qunliang another deputy commander of the Air Force, commanded the squadron of jet fighters in the air. This was the first time in PRC's history that military parade contingents were led by officers ranked as high as lieutenant general. [45]

Veterans

Surviving soldiers from the Second World War joined the parade for the first time. They had fought under various commands, including the New Fourth Army, the National Revolutionary Army, and the Eighth Route Army, with most over 90 years old then. Some of the passed soldiers' widows marched in place of their husbands. [46] Besides Chinese soldiers, some surviving airmen of United States Air Force who had fought alongside Chinese forces also joined the veterans column. The veterans rode in open-top buses at the start of the parade and were escorted by the People's Armed Police Motorcycle Escort Squadron.

Marchpast columns

Military bands in attendance

A 1,000 piece band was present to provide musical accompaniment to the parade. The bands were organized as follows: [47] [48] [49]

Color party

The color guard consisted of 207 men and women from the PLA Honor Guard Battalion, who escorted the national military colours. This marked the first occasion of female service personnel forming part of the honor guard during a national parade. Their first public presentation occurred during the state visit of the President of Turkmenistan to Beijing in May 2015, using the Type 56 ceremonial rifle.

Representative companies from CCP units of the Second Sino-Japanese War

The CCP's hero squads consisted of detachments that traced their lineage to units that participated in the war against Japan, which included the "Five Heroes of Langya Mountain" (狼牙山五壮士), "Battle of Pingxingguan Hero Squad", [51] and the "Hundred Regiments Offensive Hero Squad". Representative detachments from each Chinese military region participated in the parade, led by soldiers carrying standards used by the predecessor units.

These represented the following CCP formations during the war against Japan:

People's Armed Police

A detachment of the People's Armed Police also participated in the parade, the unit having previously been part of the PLA. The unit's lineage, through the 114th Division of the 38th Army, can also be traced to regiments that fought during the war.

Foreign contingents

Groups from 17 countries were sent to take part in the military parade. [52] Marching in alphabetical order these were:

  1. Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2021).svg Afghanistan – 3-man team from the Color Guard of the Afghan National Army
  2. Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus – 76-man team from the Honor Guard Battalion of the Minsk Garrison
  3. Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia – 7-man team from the Color Guard of the Royal Cambodian Army
  4. Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba – 76-man team from the Ceremonial Unit of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces
  5. Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt – 73-man team from the Egyptian Republican Guard [53]
  6. Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji – 7-man team from the Presidential Guard
  7. Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan – 76-man team from the Honor Guard Company of the Ministry of Defense of Kazakhstan
  8. Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan – 76-man team from the Kyrgyz National Guard
  9. Flag of Laos.svg Laos – 7-man team from the Color Guard of the Lao People's Army
  10. Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico – 77-person team of cadets of the service academies of the Mexican Armed Forces
  11. Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia – 74-man team of personnel of the Ministry of Defence of Mongolia [54]
  12. Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan – 79-man team from the Pakistani Tri-Service Honour Guard
  13. Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia – 75-man team from the Serbian Guards Unit
  14. Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan – 76-man team from the Honor Guard Company of the Ministry of Defense of Tajikistan
  15. Flag of Vanuatu.svg Vanuatu – 7-man team from the Color Guard from the Vanuatu Mobile Forces
  16. Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela – 9-man team from the Color Guard from the Military Academy of the Bolivarian Army
  17. Flag of Russia.svg Russia – 76-man team from the 1st Honor Guard Company, 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment, Western Military District

Mobile column

Military vehicles in Victory Day Parade The military parade in honor of the 70-th anniversary of the end of the Second world war 02.jpg
Military vehicles in Victory Day Parade
Type 99A Main Battle Tank

A group of the latest model of China's Type 99 main battle tank. [55] The A marks the last iteration of the Type 99 as the tank is near finalization.

Amphibious squad

On parade where the infantry fighting vehicle (ZBD-05A) and fire support variants (ZTD-05) of the People's Liberation Army Marine Corps ZBD2000 vehicle, with an ability to plane when waterborne these are the fastest amphibious armoured fighting vehicles in the world.

Mechanised infantry combat vehicle squad

The ZBD-04A infantry fighting vehicle, a troop carrying counterpart to the Type 99 MBT was paraded.

Air-mobile infantry fighting vehicle squad

The ZBD-03 IFV is a light airmobile infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) and the most mobile IFV of China's People's Liberation Army, was displayed for the first time in the parade. [56] Anti-tank missile and Light Assault Vehicles variants. [57] came afterward.

Anti-tank guided missile squad

Self-propelled Red Arrow 10 anti-tank guided missile vehicles with anti-helicopter-warfare, fire and forget and man-in-the-loop capabilities were also paraded.

Self-propelled artillery squad

A group of PLZ-05A (1×155MM Howitzer) and PGZ-07 (2×35×228MM Oerlikon KDA guns) self-propelled guns, often nicknamed the "God of War" considering that they are the biggest guns in the Chinese military. [58] [59]

Wheeled amphibious fire support vehicle
Wheeled fast light patrol/attack vehicle
Wheeled anti-terrorism attack vehicle
Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun squad
The missile squad

DF-21D, the world's first Anti-Ship Ballistic Missile, was on display in the parade. They came immediately after the DF-15 and DF-16 missiles. [60]

The DF-41, reportedly China's newest ICBM, was not shown in the parade.

Flyby

The H-6 and J-10 were flying in the parade. HY-6 with two J-10s - 2015 China Victory Day Parade 2.jpg
The H-6 and J-10 were flying in the parade.
Formation Flying in "70" formation Twenty helicopters form a numeric "70" - 2015 China Victory Day Parade.jpg
Formation Flying in "70" formation
Fighter jet squad

The squad included 1 KJ-2000 and 8 J-10. [61] They were first displayed in 2009 China's National Day Parade.

China's newest early warning plane, the KJ-500, was displayed for the first time in this parade. [62]

The H-6K was debuted as well. [63]

5×Shenyang J-15, a carrier-based fighter jet, was also debuted in this parade. [64]

China's most advanced fighter jet, the J-20, was not shown in the parade.

Helicopter Squad

8×WZ-10 (7) and 12×WZ-19 (0) helicopters formed the number "70" in the sky at 10:20 to mark the 70 years since the Victory over the Japanese. [65]

After the parade

The Parade began at 10:09 and ended at 11:40. [66] After the parade, Xi Jinping held a reception of the visiting international dignitaries.

China's Ministry of National Defence spokesman Yang Yujun said that the cuts to the size of the military would include personnel not trained for battle.

According to his opinion, China will modify the 'command system' by simplifying its management structure. China's one-star general Xu Guangyu also said that the China's People's Armed Police will be reformed appropriately.

For historical reasons, China's military structure emphasizes the army and land forces.

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  64. ↑ "中国自主研制歼15舰载机首秀阅兵场" (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2015-09-03.
  65. ↑ "20架参阅直升机空中组成"70"纪念数字" (in Chinese). 人民网(北京). Archived from the original on 2015-09-08. Retrieved 2015-09-03.
  66. ↑ "抗战胜利70周年大阅兵". Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-09-05.
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