2022 in the environment

Last updated

This is an article of notable issues relating to the terrestrial environment of Earth in 2022. They relate to environmental events such as natural disasters, environmental sciences such as ecology and geoscience with a known relevance to contemporary influence of humanity on Earth, environmental law, conservation, environmentalism with major worldwide impact and environmental issues.

Contents

Events

Date / periodType of eventEventTopicsImage
February 2Policy Global plastic pollution treaty agreement.

Environmental policies approved

Environmental policies approved in 2022 (5 P)
9-Euro-Ticket
30 by 30
Inflation Reduction Act
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
Right to a healthy environment

Environmental disasters

Each of the most costly climate-related disasters cost at least $3 billion. 2022 Counting the cost of disasters - climate change - Christian Aid.svg
Each of the most costly climate-related disasters cost at least $3 billion.
To display all pages, subcategories and images click on the "►":
2022 natural disasters (11 C, 19 P)
2022 droughts (2 P)
2022 earthquakes (23 P)
2022 floods (6 C)
2022 heat waves (8 P)
Landslides in 2022 (21 P)
Tornadoes of 2022 (25 P)
Tropical cyclones in 2022 (7 C, 43 P)
2022 tsunamis (3 P)
2022 natural disasters in the United States (5 C, 19 P)
Volcanic eruptions in 2022 (11 P)
2022 wildfires (1 C, 16 P)
2021–22 European windstorm season
2022 Iraq dust storms
2022 Marmolada serac collapse
2022 Mongolian wildfires
2022 South American cold wave
2022 Southern Cone heat wave
2022 Uttarakhand avalanche
2022 Batang Kali landslide
Capitólio rockfall
2022–23 European windstorm season
List of earthquakes in 2022
2022 European derecho
2022 Murree snowstorm
December 2022 North American winter storm
Storm Elpis
Tornado outbreak of November 4–5, 2022
Tornadoes of 2022
Tropical cyclones in 2022
December 2022 United Kingdom & Ireland cold wave

Pollution events

Pollution events in 2022 (10 P)
2022 Callao oil spill
2022 Keystone Pipeline oil spill
2022 Surat gas leak
2022 Aqaba toxic gas leak
Environmental impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Nord Stream pipelines sabotage
2022 Oder environmental disaster
Red Hill water crisis
Sewage discharge in the United Kingdom
Sumykhimprom ammonia leak

Environmental science

Date / periodTypeDescriptionTopicsImage
January 10Analysis, AssessmentResearchers build upon previous studies documenting biodiversity loss to confirm that a sixth mass extinction event, entirely caused by anthropogenic activity, is currently underway. [2] [3] [ecosystem] [biodiversity] Extinction intensity.svg
January 10Analysis, ProposalA study quantifies climate change mitigation potentials of 'high-income' nations shifting diets – away from meat-consumption – and restoration of the spared land. [4] [5] [agriculture] [food] Pesticides application 02.jpg
January 18Analysis, AssessmentA study suggests and defines a 'planetary boundary' for novel entities such as plastic- and chemical pollution and finds that it has been crossed. [6] [7] [plastic pollution] Pollution plastique 2.jpg
January 18Analysis, AssessmentA study for the first time attempts to assess and quantify complete societal costs of cars (i.e. car-use, etc). [8] [policy] AyalonRailWithTrain.jpg
February 1Analysis, Assessment, ObservationThe American Geophysical Union reports, based on a study by Chinese scientists published in November, that climate change has likely begun to suffocate the world's fisheries, passing a critical threshold of oxygen loss in 2021. [9] [10] [climate change] [food system] Overview of climatic changes and their effects on the ocean.png
February 3Observation, DevelopmentThe first comprehensive global map of oil and gas "ultra-emitters" of the potent greenhouse gas methane based on satellite data is published. [11] [12] [13] [methane emissions] The Global Methane Budget 2008-2017.png
February 9Development[ relevant? ]Researchers report the development of a viable flash JH-based process to recover rare-earth elements used in modern electronics from industrial wastes with practical potential to reduce environmental/health impacts from mining, waste-generation and imports if it can be scaled up. [14] [15] [circular economy] SL500 01.jpg
February 14Observation, AssessmentThe most comprehensive study of pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers finds that it threatens "environmental and/or human health in more than a quarter of the studied locations". [16] [17] [water pollution] PPCPentry.gif
February 15Analysis, ProjectionsNASA publishes its latest Sea Level Rise Technical Report, an update of the 2017 edition, which includes projections for sea-level rise through to the year 2150. The agency warns that sea levels may rise as much over the next 30 years as during the previous 100. [18] [19] [sea level rise] October 17 2016 sunny day tidal flooding at Brickell Bay Drive and 12 Street downtown Miami, 4.34 MLLW high tide am.jpg
February 16AnalysisA study models the system of coupled feedback processes (including potential mitigation tipping points) that may shape the trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions over the century in the contemporary socioeconomic system if it both persists as is and its components remain largely unreformed. Broad factor-domains include public perceptions of climate change, future mitigation technologies' characteristics, and the responsiveness of political institutions. [20] [21] [climate change] Social tipping dynamics for stabilizing Earth's climate by 2050 - Figure 3 - Social tipping elements and associated social tipping interventions with the potential to drive rapid decarbonization in the World-Earth system.jpg
February 17Development[ relevant? ] Bionanotechnologists report the development of a viablebiosensor, ROSALIND 2.0, that can detect levels of diverse water pollutants. [22] [23] [water pollution] Water system.pdf
February 23Development[ relevant? ]Researchers report the development of a quantum gradiometer – an atom interferometer quantum sensor – which could be used to map and investigate subterraneans. [24] [25] [sensing] Applications of gravity cartography quantum sensing.webp
February 23Analysis, Review, ProjectionsUN researchers publish a comprehensive study about climate change impacted wildfires with projections (e.g. a 31–57% increase of extreme wildfires by 2100) and information about impacts and countermeasures. [26] [27] [wildfires] The Rim Fire in the Stanislaus National Forest near in California began on Aug. 17, 2013-0004.jpg
February 28Analysis, AssessmentA study shows annual carbon emissions (or carbon loss) from tropical deforestation have doubled during the last two decades and continue to increase. [28] [29] [deforestation] [climate change] ISS029-E-008032 Fires along the Rio Xingu - Brazil.jpg
February 28ReviewThe IPCC releases the second part of its Sixth Assessment Report on climate change. It shows that any further delay in concerted global action would mean missing the rapidly closing window to secure human wellbeing and the planet's health against cascading impacts. [30] [31] [climate change] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Logo.svg
March 1Analysis, Observation Atmospheric scientists report that the 2022 volcano eruption in Tonga, Pacific Ocean – the largest recorded volcanic eruption since 1991 which reportedly cooled global climate by ~0.6 °C during 15 months [32] – did not have a cooling effect (volcanic winter) of significance to global climate change (i.e. a cooling of ~0.004 °C during the first year). [33] [34] [climate change] [volcanoes] ISS-66 Atmospheric plume from 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption.jpg
March 7Analysis, ObservationResearchers report that more than three-quarters of the Amazon rainforest has been losing resilience due to deforestation and climate change since the early 2000s as measured by recovery-time from short-term perturbations ("critical slowing down" (CSD)), reinforcing the theory that it is approaching a critical transition. [35] [36] On March 11, INPE reports satellite data that show record-high levels of Amazon deforestation in Brazil for a February (199 km²). [37] [deforestation] ISS029-E-008032 Fires along the Rio Xingu - Brazil.jpg
March 7Analysis, ObservationA study suggests that half of the US population has been exposed to substantially detrimental lead levels in early childhood – mainly from car exhaust whose lead pollution peaked in the 1970s. [38] [39] [ globalize ][toxins] [transport] Symptoms of lead poisoning (raster).png
March 9AnalysisResearchers report that, on average, the elderly played "a leading role in driving up GHG emissions in the past decade and are on the way to becoming the largest contributor" due to factors such as demographic transition, low informed concern about climate change and high expenditures on carbon-intensive products like energy which is used i.a. for heating rooms and private transport. [40] [41] [climate change] Kids Want Climate Justice (34168280266).jpg
March 10Analysis, Assessment, ProposalA study estimates that "relocating current croplands to [environmentally] optimal locations, whilst allowing ecosystems in then-abandoned areas to regenerate, could simultaneously decrease the current carbon, biodiversity, and irrigation water footprint of global crop production by 71%, 87%, and 100%", with relocation only within national borders also having substantial potential. [42] [43] [food system] WheatYield.png
March 16Analysis, ObservationResearchers report that over 80% of the growth of methane emissions during 2010–2019 was caused by tropical terrestrial emissions. [44] [45] [methane emissions] ISS029-E-008032 Fires along the Rio Xingu - Brazil.jpg
March 21Observation, AnalysisBefore formal publication of the 'Global Carbon Budget 2021' preprint, [46] scientists report, based on Carbon Monitor [47] data, that after COVID-19-pandemic-caused record-level declines in 2020, global CO2 emissions rebounded sharply by 4.8% in 2021, indicating that at the current trajectory, the 1.5 °C carbon budget would be used up within 9.5 years with a two-thirds likelihood. [48] [climate change] 1800- Global carbon dioxide emissions, per person.svg
March 24ReviewScientists review the biophysical mechanisms by which forests influence climate, showing that beyond 50°N large scale deforestation leads to a net global cooling, that tropical deforestation leads to substantial warming from non-CO2-impacts, and that as well as how standing tropical forests help cool the average global temperature by more than 1 °C. [49] [50] [climate change] [deforestation] Biophysical Effects on Global Temperature From Deforestation by 10deg Latitude Band.jpg
March 31Analysis Depletion of ozone in the stratosphere and, more importantly (60%), ozone increase in the troposphere is shown to be responsible for ~30% of upper Southern Ocean interior warming between 1955 and 2000. [51] [52] [ozone] IM ozavg ept 200006.png

See also

General

Natural environment

Artificial development

References

  1. ↑ "Counting the Cost 2022 / A Year of Climate Breakdown" (PDF). Christian Aid. December 2022. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2022.
  2. ↑ Sankaran, Vishwam (January 17, 2022). "Study confirms sixth mass extinction is currently underway, caused by humans". The Independent . Archived from the original on 17 January 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  3. ↑ Cowie, Robert H.; Bouchet, Philippe; Fontaine, Benoît (2022). "The Sixth Mass Extinction: fact, fiction or speculation?". Biological Reviews. 97 (2): 640–663. doi: 10.1111/brv.12816 . PMC   9786292 . PMID   35014169. S2CID   245889833.
  4. ↑ "How plant-based diets not only reduce our carbon footprint, but also increase carbon capture". Leiden University . Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  5. ↑ Sun, Zhongxiao; Scherer, Laura; Tukker, Arnold; Spawn-Lee, Seth A.; Bruckner, Martin; Gibbs, Holly K.; Behrens, Paul (January 2022). "Dietary change in high-income nations alone can lead to substantial double climate dividend" . Nature Food. 3 (1): 29–37. doi:10.1038/s43016-021-00431-5. ISSN   2662-1355. PMID   37118487. S2CID   245867412.
  6. ↑ "Chemical pollution has passed safe limit for humanity, say scientists". The Guardian. 18 January 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
  7. ↑ Persson, Linn; Carney Almroth, Bethanie M.; Collins, Christopher D.; Cornell, Sarah; de Wit, Cynthia A.; Diamond, Miriam L.; Fantke, Peter; Hassellöv, Martin; MacLeod, Matthew; Ryberg, Morten W.; Søgaard Jørgensen, Peter; Villarrubia-Gómez, Patricia; Wang, Zhanyun; Hauschild, Michael Zwicky (1 February 2022). "Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities". Environmental Science & Technology. 56 (3): 1510–1521. Bibcode:2022EnST...56.1510P. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158. ISSN   0013-936X. PMC   8811958 . PMID   35038861.
  8. ↑ Gössling, Stefan; Kees, Jessica; Litman, Todd (1 April 2022). "The lifetime cost of driving a car". Ecological Economics. 194 107335. Bibcode:2022EcoEc.19407335G. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107335 . ISSN   0921-8009. S2CID   246059536.
  9. ↑ "Climate change has likely begun to suffocate the world's fisheries". American Geophysical Union. 1 February 2022. Retrieved 6 February 2022.
  10. ↑ Gong, Hongjing; Li, Chao; Zhou, Yuntao (28 November 2021). "Emerging Global Ocean Deoxygenation Across the 21st Century". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (23). Bibcode:2021GeoRL..4895370G. doi: 10.1029/2021gl095370 . ISSN   0094-8276. S2CID   244467104.
  11. ↑ "Climate change: Satellites map huge methane plumes from oil and gas". BBC News. 4 February 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  12. ↑ "Cracking down on methane 'ultra emitters' is a quick way to combat climate change, researchers find". Washington Post. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  13. ↑ Lauvaux, T.; Giron, C.; Mazzolini, M.; d'Aspremont, A.; Duren, R.; Cusworth, D.; Shindell, D.; Ciais, P. (4 February 2022). "Global assessment of oil and gas methane ultra-emitters". Science. 375 (6580): 557–561. arXiv: 2105.06387 . Bibcode:2022Sci...375..557L. doi:10.1126/science.abj4351. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   35113691. S2CID   246530897.
  14. ↑ "Rare earth elements for smartphones can be extracted from coal waste". New Scientist.
  15. ↑ Deng, B.; Wang, X.; Luong, D. X.; Carter, R. A.; Wang, Z.; Tomson, M. B.; Tour, J. M. (2022). "Rare earth elements from waste". Science Advances. 8 (6) eabm3132. Bibcode:2022SciA....8M3132D. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm3132. PMC   8827657 . PMID   35138886.
  16. ↑ "Pharmaceuticals in rivers threaten world health - study". BBC News. 15 February 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  17. ↑ Wilkinson, John L.; Boxall, Alistair B. A.; et al. (14 February 2022). "Pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (8). Bibcode:2022PNAS..11913947W. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2113947119 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   8872717 . PMID   35165193.
  18. ↑ "Sea Level to Rise up to a Foot by 2050, Interagency Report Finds". NASA. 15 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  19. ↑ "Climate change: US sea levels to rise as much in 30 years as in previous hundred, study warns". Sky News. 16 February 2022. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  20. ↑ "How politics, society, and tech shape the path of climate change". U.C. Davis . Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  21. ↑ Moore, Frances C.; Lacasse, Katherine; Mach, Katharine J.; Shin, Yoon Ah; Gross, Louis J.; Beckage, Brian (March 2022). "Determinants of emissions pathways in the coupled climate–social system". Nature. 603 (7899): 103–111. Bibcode:2022Natur.603..103M. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04423-8 . ISSN   1476-4687. PMID   35173331. S2CID   246903111.
  22. ↑ "DNA computer could tell you if your drinking water is contaminated". New Scientist. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  23. ↑ Jung, Jaeyoung K.; Archuleta, Chloé M.; Alam, Khalid K.; Lucks, Julius B. (17 February 2022). "Programming cell-free biosensors with DNA strand displacement circuits". Nature Chemical Biology. 18 (4): 385–393. doi:10.1038/s41589-021-00962-9. ISSN   1552-4469. PMC   8964419 . PMID   35177837.
  24. ↑ "Sensor breakthrough paves way for groundbreaking map of world under Earth surface". University of Birmingham . Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  25. ↑ Stray, Ben; Lamb, Andrew; Kaushik, Aisha; Vovrosh, Jamie; Rodgers, Anthony; Winch, Jonathan; Hayati, Farzad; Boddice, Daniel; Stabrawa, Artur; Niggebaum, Alexander; Langlois, Mehdi; Lien, Yu-Hung; Lellouch, Samuel; Roshanmanesh, Sanaz; Ridley, Kevin; de Villiers, Geoffrey; Brown, Gareth; Cross, Trevor; Tuckwell, George; Faramarzi, Asaad; Metje, Nicole; Bongs, Kai; Holynski, Michael (February 2022). "Quantum sensing for gravity cartography". Nature. 602 (7898): 590–594. Bibcode:2022Natur.602..590S. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04315-3. ISSN   1476-4687. PMC   8866129 . PMID   35197616.
  26. ↑ Zhong, Raymond (23 February 2022). "Climate Scientists Warn of a 'Global Wildfire Crisis'". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  27. ↑ "Number of wildfires to rise by 50% by 2100 and governments are not prepared, experts warn". UN Environment. 23 February 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  28. ↑ "Deforestation emissions far higher than previously thought, study finds". The Guardian. 28 February 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  29. ↑ Feng, Yu; Zeng, Zhenzhong; Searchinger, Timothy D.; Ziegler, Alan D.; Wu, Jie; Wang, Dashan; He, Xinyue; Elsen, Paul R.; Ciais, Philippe; Xu, Rongrong; Guo, Zhilin; Peng, Liqing; Tao, Yiheng; Spracklen, Dominick V.; Holden, Joseph; Liu, Xiaoping; Zheng, Yi; Xu, Peng; Chen, Ji; Jiang, Xin; Song, Xiao-Peng; Lakshmi, Venkataraman; Wood, Eric F.; Zheng, Chunmiao (28 February 2022). "Doubling of annual forest carbon loss over the tropics during the early twenty-first century". Nature Sustainability. 5 (5): 444–451. Bibcode:2022NatSu...5..444F. doi: 10.1038/s41893-022-00854-3 . hdl: 2346/92751 . ISSN   2398-9629. S2CID   247160560.
  30. ↑ "IPCC issues 'bleakest warning yet' on impacts of climate breakdown". The Guardian. 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  31. ↑ "Climate change: a threat to human wellbeing and health of the planet. Taking action now can secure our future". IPCC. 28 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  32. ↑ "Global Effects of Mount Pinatubo". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 15 June 2001. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  33. ↑ Ramirez, Rachel; Miller, Brandon. "Tonga volcano eruption likely not large enough to affect global climate, experts say". CNN. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  34. ↑ Zuo, Meng; Zhou, Tianjun; Man, Wenmin; Chen, Xiaolong; Liu, Jian; Liu, Fei; Gao, Chaochao (1 March 2022). "Volcanoes and Climate: Sizing up the Impact of the Recent Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Eruption from a Historical Perspective". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 39 (12): 1986–1993. Bibcode:2022AdAtS..39.1986Z. doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-2034-1 . ISSN   1861-9533. S2CID   247160715.
  35. ↑ "Climate crisis: Amazon rainforest tipping point is looming, data shows". The Guardian. 7 March 2022. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  36. ↑ Boulton, Chris A.; Lenton, Timothy M.; Boers, Niklas (March 2022). "Pronounced loss of Amazon rainforest resilience since the early 2000s". Nature Climate Change. 12 (3): 271–278. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..271B. doi: 10.1038/s41558-022-01287-8 . ISSN   1758-6798. S2CID   247255222.
  37. ↑ Spring, Jake (11 March 2022). "Deforestation in Brazil's Amazon hits second straight monthly record". Reuters. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  38. ↑ "Lead exposure in last century shrunk IQ scores of half of Americans". Duke University. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  39. ↑ McFarland, Michael J.; Hauer, Matt E.; Reuben, Aaron (15 March 2022). "Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (11) e2118631119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11918631M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2118631119 . ISSN   0027-8424. PMC   8931364 . PMID   35254913.
  40. ↑ Mel, Svein Inge. "People over 60 are greenhouse gas emission 'bad guys'". Norwegian University of Science. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  41. ↑ Zheng, Heran; Long, Yin; Wood, Richard; Moran, Daniel; Zhang, Zengkai; Meng, Jing; Feng, Kuishuang; Hertwich, Edgar; Guan, Dabo (March 2022). "Ageing society in developed countries challenges carbon mitigation" . Nature Climate Change. 12 (3): 241–248. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..241Z. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01302-y. hdl: 11250/3027882 . ISSN   1758-6798. S2CID   247322718.
  42. ↑ "Relocating farmland could turn back clock twenty years on carbon emissions, say scientists". University of Cambridge. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  43. ↑ Beyer, Robert M.; Hua, Fangyuan; Martin, Philip A.; Manica, Andrea; Rademacher, Tim (10 March 2022). "Relocating croplands could drastically reduce the environmental impacts of global food production". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 49. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3...49B. doi: 10.1038/s43247-022-00360-6 . hdl: 10810/61603 . ISSN   2662-4435. S2CID   247322845.
  44. ↑ "Tropical methane emissions contribute greatly to recent changes in global atmospheric methane growth rate". Chinese Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  45. ↑ Feng, Liang; Palmer, Paul I.; Zhu, Sihong; Parker, Robert J.; Liu, Yi (16 March 2022). "Tropical methane emissions explain large fraction of recent changes in global atmospheric methane growth rate". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 1378. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.1378F. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28989-z. ISSN   2041-1723. PMC   8927109 . PMID   35297408.
  46. ↑ Friedlingstein, Pierre; et al. (4 November 2021). "Global Carbon Budget 2021". Earth System Science Data Discussions: 1–191. doi: 10.5194/essd-2021-386 . S2CID   240490309 . Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  47. ↑ "Carbon monitor". carbonmonitor.org. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  48. ↑ Liu, Zhu; Deng, Zhu; Davis, Steven J.; Giron, Clement; Ciais, Philippe (April 2022). "Monitoring global carbon emissions in 2021". Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 3 (4): 217–219. Bibcode:2022NRvEE...3..217L. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00285-w. ISSN   2662-138X. PMC   8935618 . PMID   35340723.
  49. ↑ "Forests help reduce global warming in more ways than one". Science News. 24 March 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  50. ↑ Lawrence, Deborah; Coe, Michael; Walker, Wayne; Verchot, Louis; Vandecar, Karen (2022). "The Unseen Effects of Deforestation: Biophysical Effects on Climate". Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. 5. Bibcode:2022FrFGC...5.6115L. doi: 10.3389/ffgc.2022.756115 . hdl: 10568/119219 . ISSN   2624-893X.
  51. ↑ "Ozone may be heating the planet more than we realize". University of Reading . Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  52. ↑ Liu, Wei; Hegglin, Michaela I.; Checa-Garcia, Ramiro; Li, Shouwei; Gillett, Nathan P.; Lyu, Kewei; Zhang, Xuebin; Swart, Neil C. (April 2022). "Stratospheric ozone depletion and tropospheric ozone increases drive Southern Ocean interior warming" . Nature Climate Change. 12 (4): 365–372. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..365L. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01320-w. ISSN   1758-6798. S2CID   247844868.
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