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All 150 seats in the Chamber of Representatives 76 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 88.45% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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 Belgiumportal |
Federal elections were held in Belgium on 9 June 2024. [1] The Chamber of Representatives received 150 members with five-year terms. European and regional elections took place on the same day. [2]
After a lengthy government formation spanning 494 days, the 2019 Belgian federal election eventually resulted in the formation of a government led by prime minister Alexander De Croo, consisting of a so-called Vivaldi coalition. The government replaced a government led by Sophie Wilmès, which was a caretaker minority government with emergency plenary powers given by the opposition to deal with the COVID-19 outbreak in Belgium. [3]
The 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives are elected in 11 multi-member constituencies, being the ten provinces and Brussels, with between 4 and 24 seats. [4] Seats are allocated using the D'Hondt method, with an electoral threshold of 5% per constituency. [5]
The 87 representatives elected from the five Flemish Region provinces, Antwerp (24), East Flanders (20), Flemish Brabant (15), Limburg (12) and West Flanders (16), automatically belonged to the Dutch-speaking language group in parliament, whereas those 47 elected from the five provinces of Wallonia, Hainaut (17), Liège (14), Luxembourg (4), Namur (7) and Walloon Brabant (5), formed the French-speaking language group. The 16 members elected in Brussels can choose to join either group. Apportionment of seats is done every ten years in accordance with population data, last by royal order in 2022, when Brussels and Namur each gained a seat while Hainaut and Liège lost a seat. [6]
The 60-member Senate is composed of 50 representatives from the regional and community parliaments, plus 10 co-opted senators proportionally divided among parties based on the result of the federal election. [4]
All Belgian citizens aged 18 or over are obligated to participate in the election. Non-Belgian citizens residing in Belgium (regardless of EU citizenship) cannot vote, whereas Belgian citizens living abroad can register to vote. [7]
Voting is done electronically in all 19 Brussels and nine German-speaking municipalities, as well as in 159 Flemish municipalities. Voting is done by paper ballot in 141 Flemish municipalities as well as in all 253 (non-German-speaking) Walloon municipalities. [5]
| 9 February | Start of the "waiting period" ( sperperiode ) running until the day of the election, during which political propaganda and expenses are strictly regulated |
| 1 April | The electoral roll is fixed by municipal authorities and available for scrutiny [7] |
| 13 April | Deadline for submitting candidate lists [8] |
| TBD | The Parliament is formally dissolved |
| 25 May | Final day for the official announcement of the election and the convocation letter to voters [7] |
| 5 June | Polling day for Belgians residing abroad in the embassies and consular posts [7] |
| 9 June | Polling day (from 8am until 2pm, or until 4pm where voting is done electronically) |
| 10 July | Constitutive session of the newly elected Chamber of Representatives |
The following parties running had seats in the Chamber of Representatives prior to the elections.
| Party | Ideology | Political position | Constituency |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blanco Party | Single-issue | Centrism | Flemish and Walloon |
| Belgische Unie – Union Belge | Royalism | Centrism | Flemish and Walloon |
| L'Unie | Unitarism | Centrism | Flemish and Walloon |
| Alternatief 2024 | Participatory democracy | Centrism | Only in Flemish Brabant |
| BoerBurgerBelangen | Agrarianism | Centre-right | Flemish |
| DierAnimal | Animal welfare | Centre-left | Antwerp |
| Gezond Verstand | Liberalism Anti-Flemish independence | Centre-right | East Flanders |
| Volt | Social liberalism | Centre-left | All |
| VoorU | Liberalism | Right | Flemish |
| Collectif Citoyen | Participatory democracy | Centre | Walloon |
| Chez Nous | Anti-immigration | Far-right | Walloon |
| Team Fouad Ahidar | Minority interests | Centre | Brussels |
| Agora | Participatory democracy | Centre | Walloon |
| Lutte Ouvrière | Trotskyism | Far-left | Walloon |
The following candidates are the first on the respective party list ( lijsttrekker / tête de liste ) per constituency.
Hainaut will feature three party chairmen (Bouchez for MR, Magnette for PS and Nollet for Ecolo) as well as popular ex-MR ex-minister Crucke for Les Engagés. In Namur, three federal deputy prime ministers will run against each other (Dermagne for PS, Gilkinet for Ecolo and Clarinval for MR). [11] The right-wing Flemish nationalist N-VA party is also fielding candidates in Wallonia for the first time. [12]
The following members of the federal parliament are not standing for election in June 2024.
In the run up to the 2024 Belgian federal election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intentions in Belgium. The date range for these polls were from a few months after the 2019 Belgian federal election, [20] held on 25 May 2019, to shortly before the 2024 Belgian federal election. [21] The results of nationwide polls were usually numerically split into the three Belgian regions: Flanders, Brussels and Wallonia. [22] [23] The federal election was part of a group of elections which also included the regional elections and the European elections. [24] Some polls might have undefined voting intentions without differentiating between the elections.[ citation needed ]
The results saw the New Flemish Alliance remain the largest party in parliament, while the incumbent coalition government led by Prime Minister Alexander De Croo and his Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats held on to its majority by only one seat, despite the latter party falling to ninth place in the election tally. The Reformist Movement emerged as the largest party in Brussels and Wallonia. [25]
 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | |
| New Flemish Alliance | 1,167,061 | 16.71 | +0.68 | 24 | –1 | |
| Vlaams Belang | 961,601 | 13.77 | +1.82 | 20 | +2 | |
| Reformist Movement | 716,934 | 10.26 | +2.70 | 20 | +6 | |
| Workers' Party of Belgium | 688,369 | 9.86 | +1.23 | 15 | +3 | |
| Vooruit | 566,436 | 8.11 | +1.40 | 13 | +4 | |
| Socialist Party | 561,602 | 8.04 | –1.42 | 16 | –4 | |
| Christian Democratic and Flemish | 557,392 | 7.98 | –0.91 | 11 | –1 | |
| Les Engagés | 472,755 | 6.77 | +3.07 | 14 | +9 | |
| Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats | 380,659 | 5.45 | –3.09 | 7 | –5 | |
| Groen | 324,608 | 4.65 | –1.46 | 6 | –2 | |
| Ecolo | 204,438 | 2.93 | –3.22 | 3 | –10 | |
| DéFI | 84,024 | 1.20 | –1.02 | 1 | –1 | |
| Blanco Party | 75,683 | 1.08 | New | 0 | New | |
| Chez Nous | 64,058 | 0.92 | New | 0 | New | |
| Voor U | 43,346 | 0.62 | New | 0 | New | |
| Citizen Collective | 35,706 | 0.51 | +0.20 | 0 | 0 | |
| Team Fouad Ahidar | 24,826 | 0.36 | New | 0 | New | |
| Belgische Unie – Union Belge | 15,780 | 0.23 | +0.13 | 0 | 0 | |
| DierAnimal | 10,341 | 0.15 | –0.56 | 0 | 0 | |
| Volt Belgium | 7,245 | 0.10 | +0.08 | 0 | 0 | |
| Lutte Ouvrière | 6,552 | 0.09 | +0.01 | 0 | 0 | |
| L'Unie | 5,640 | 0.08 | New | 0 | New | |
| Reprise en Main Citoyenne | 4,025 | 0.06 | New | 0 | New | |
| Agora | 3,473 | 0.05 | New | 0 | New | |
| Gezond Verstand | 2,352 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | |
| Total | 6,984,906 | 100.00 | – | 150 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 6,984,906 | 94.37 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 416,577 | 5.63 | ||||
| Total votes | 7,401,483 | 100.00 | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 8,368,029 | 88.45 | ||||
| Source: IBZ | ||||||
Since the sixth state reform of 2011, the Senate is no longer directly elected. The regional parliaments elect 50 senators based on the results of the concurrent regional elections (the Flemish Parliament elects 29, the Parliament of the French Community elects ten, the Walloon Parliament elects eight, the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region elects two Francophone senators and the Parliament of the German-speaking Community elects one). The elected senators in turn co-opt 10 senators (six Dutch-speaking and four Francophone), who are allocated based on the preceding election results of the Chamber of Representatives, making a total of 60 senators. [4] [26]
The distribution of seats among parties resulted as following: [27] [28] [29]
| Party | Seats | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elected | Co-opted | Total | +/– | |||
| New Flemish Alliance | 8 | 2 | 10 | +1 | ||
| Vlaams Belang | 7 | 1 | 8 | +1 | ||
| Reformist Movement | 7 | 1 | 8 | +1 | ||
| Workers' Party | 5 | 1 | 6 | +1 [a] | ||
| Socialist Party | 5 | 1 | 6 | –1 | ||
| Vooruit | 4 | 0 [b] | 4 | +1 | ||
| Christian Democratic and Flemish | 4 | 1 | 5 | 0 | ||
| Les Engagés | 4 | 1 | 5 | +3 | ||
| Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats | 2 | 1 | 3 | –2 | ||
| Groen | 2 | 0 | 2 | –2 | ||
| Ecolo | 1 | 0 | 1 | –4 | ||
| ProDG | 1 | 0 | 1 | +1 | ||
| Perspectives. Freedom. Progress. | 0 | 0 | 0 | –1 | ||
| Total | 50 | 9 | 59 | –1 | ||
 | This section needs to be updated.(July 2024) |
Following the release of the election results, Alexander De Croo announced his resignation as Prime Minister effective on 10 June. After this, he will remain as caretaker prime minister until a new federal government is formed. Tom Ongena also announced his resignation as party leader, and ruled out Open Vld's participation in the next government. Of the French-speaking parties, François De Smet, chair of Défi, and Paul Magnette, president of PS, also submitted their resignation, though Magnette's resignation was rejected by the party's board. [30]
The New Flemish Alliance's (N-VA) Bart De Wever claimed victory. Even though Vlaams Belang came second, its leader Tom Van Grieken expressed disappointment, as the party was expected to overtake N-VA to become the biggest in Flanders. In Wallonia, Reformist Movement's (MR) president Georges-Louis Bouchez emphasized the electorate's willingness for change, after his party gained more votes than PS for the first time in decades. [25] [31]
According to political analysts, the most obvious federal coalition would consist of the right-wing N-VA and MR, and centre-left Vooruit, with the centrist CD&V and Les Engagés parties to reach at least 76 seats. Other coalitions are ruled out, following the decision of Open Vld and PS to be part of the opposition. Vlaams Belang is not expected to be part of the government at any level, due to the cordon sanitaire. [32] [33]
Exploratory coalition talks started on 10 June, the day after the elections. As is tradition, party leaders are individually invited to an audience with the King, starting with the biggest parties. [34] On 11 June, the MR and Les Engagés announced a preliminary agreement to form a government in the Walloon parliament, following the regional elections. As part of the agreement, the two parties would form a partnership during government formation talks at the federal level. [35]
Flemish Brabant is a province of Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium. It borders on the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Limburg, Liège, Walloon Brabant, Hainaut and East Flanders. Flemish Brabant also surrounds the Brussels-Capital Region. Its capital is Leuven. It has an area of 2,118 km2 (818 sq mi) which is divided into two administrative districts containing 65 municipalities. As of January 2024, Flemish Brabant had a population of over 1.19 million.
Groen, founded as Agalev, is a green Flemish political party in Belgium. The main pillars of the party are social justice, human rights, and ecologism. Its French-speaking equivalent is Ecolo; the two parties maintain close relations with each other.
The New Flemish Alliance is a Flemish nationalist, conservative and Eurosceptic political party in Belgium. The party was established in 2001 by the right-leaning faction of the centrist-nationalist People's Union (VU).
Flanders is both a cultural community and an economic region within the Belgian state, and has significant autonomy.
Flemish political parties operate in the whole Flemish Community, which covers the unilingual Flemish Region and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region. In the latter, they compete with French-speaking parties that all also operate in Wallonia. There are very few parties that operate on a national level in Belgium. Flanders generally tends to vote for right-wing, conservative parties, whereas in French-speaking Belgium the socialist party is usually the most successful one.
The Federal Government of Belgium exercises executive power in the Kingdom of Belgium. It consists of ministers and secretary of state drawn from the political parties which form the governing coalition. The federal government is led by the prime minister of Belgium, and ministers lead ministries of the government. Ministers together form the Council of Ministers, which is the supreme executive organ of the government.
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Federal elections were held in Belgium on 10 June 2007. Voters went to the polls in order to elect new members for the Chamber of Representatives and Senate.
Federal elections were held in Belgium on 13 June 2010, during the midst of the 2007-11 Belgian political crisis. After the fall of the previous Leterme II Government over the withdrawal of Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats from the government the King dissolved the legislature and called new elections. The New Flemish Alliance, led by Bart De Wever, emerged as the plurality party with 27 seats, just one more than the francophone Socialist Party, led by Elio Di Rupo, which was the largest party in the Wallonia region and Brussels. It took a world record 541 days until a government was formed, resulting in a government led by Di Rupo.
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Federal elections were held in Belgium on 25 May 2014. All 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives were elected, whereas the Senate was no longer directly elected following the 2011–2012 state reform. These were the first elections held under King Philippe's reign.
Federal elections were held in Belgium on 26 May 2019, alongside the country's European and regional elections. All 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives were elected from eleven multi-member constituencies.
The Belgian provincial, municipal and district elections of 2018 took place on Sunday 14 October 2018. They are organised by the respective regions:
The 2019 Belgian regional elections took place on Sunday 26 May, the same day as the 2019 European Parliament election as well as the Belgian federal election.
In the run up to the 2024 Belgian federal election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intention in Belgium. The results of nationwide polls are usually numerically split into the three Belgian regions: Flanders, Brussels and Wallonia. Federal seat projections for the Chamber of Representatives are presented together under these regional polls. The federal election was part of a group of elections which also include the regional elections and the European elections held on the same day. Some polls might be undefined voting intentions without differentiating between the elections.
Flemish Brabant is one of the 11 multi-member constituencies of the Chamber of Representatives, the lower house of the Belgian Federal Parliament, the national legislature of Belgium. The constituency was established in 2014 following the Sixth Belgian state reform. It is conterminous with the province of Flemish Brabant. The constituency currently elects 15 of the 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 federal election the constituency had 832,401 registered electors.
The De Croo Government is the incumbent Federal Government of Belgium, led by Prime Minister Alexander De Croo since 1 October 2020. It has acted in a caretaker capacity since the resignation of Prime Minister Alexander De Croo on 10 June 2024 following the 2024 Belgian federal election.
Joris Vandenbroucke is a Belgian politician and member of the Chamber of Representatives. A member of Vooruit, he has represented East Flanders since June 2019. He was a member of the Flemish Parliament from June 2005 to June 2009 and from June 2014 to May 2019.
