Anthoscopus

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Anthoscopus
African Penduline-Tit (Anthoscopus caroli).jpg
Grey penduline tit,
Anthoscopus caroli
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Remizidae
Genus: Anthoscopus
Cabanis, 1851
Type species
Sylvia minuta (Cape penduline tit)
Shaw, 1812
Anthoscopus distribution map.png

Anthoscopus is a genus of birds in the penduline tit family Remizidae. The genus is restricted to Sub-Saharan Africa, where it ranges from the Sahel to South Africa. Unlike many of the Eurasian penduline, these species are not generally migratory, instead remaining close to their breeding sites year round. A wide range of habitats is occupied by the six species, from deserts to woodlands to rainforest.

Contents

Nests

Their pendulous and elaborately woven nests have false entrances above the true entrance, these in turn lead to a false chamber. The true nesting chamber is accessed by the parent opening a hidden flap, entering and then closing the flap shut again, the two sides sealing with sticky spider webs. These false entrances are used to confuse potential predators and protect the eggs and nestlings. [1]

Taxonomy

The genus Anthoscopus was introduced in 1851 by the German ornithologist Jean Cabanis with the Cape penduline tit as the type species. [2] [3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek anthos meaning "blossom" or "flower" with skopos meaning "searcher". [4]

The genus contains the following six species: [5]

ImageCommon NameScientific nameDistribution
Sennar penduline tit Anthoscopus punctifronsCameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sudan
Faune de la Senegambie (14280729098) (cropped).jpg Yellow penduline tit Anthoscopus parvulus Sudan (region)
Anthoscopus musculus Gronvold (cropped).jpg Mouse-colored penduline tit Anthoscopus musculusEthiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda
Forest penduline tit Anthoscopus flavifronsCameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, and Nigeria.
Grey penduline tit, Anthoscopus caroli, also known as the African penduline-tit at Ndumo Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (28302297093).jpg Grey penduline tit or African penduline tit Anthoscopus caroliAngola, Botswana, Burundi, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Southern Penduline-Tit (Anthoscopus minutus).jpg Cape penduline tit or Southern penduline tit Anthoscopus minutusAngola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.

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References

  1. ↑ Madge, Steve (2008). "Family Remizidae (Penduline-tits )". In Josep, del Hoyo; Andrew, Elliott; David, Christie (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 13, Penduline- to Shrikes. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 52–75. ISBN   978-84-96553-45-3.
  2. ↑ Cabanis, Jean (1850–1851). Museum Heineanum : Verzeichniss der ornithologischen Sammlung des Oberamtmann Ferdinand Heine, auf Gut St. Burchard vor Halberstadt (in German and Latin). Vol. 1. Halberstadt: R. Frantz. p. 89.
  3. ↑ Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1986). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 64.
  4. ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 49. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
  5. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2022). "Waxwings and allies, tits, penduline tits". IOC World Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 13 March 2022.


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