| Trochalopteron | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Streaked laughingthrush (Trochalopteron lineatum) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Leiothrichidae |
| Genus: | Trochalopteron Blyth, 1843 |
| Type species | |
| Trochalopteron subunicolor (scaly laughingthrush) Blyth, 1843 | |
| Species | |
See text | |
Trochalopteron is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae.
The genus Trochalopteron was introduced in 1843 by the English zoologist Edward Blyth. [1] The name combines the Ancient Greek trokhalos meaning "round" or "bowed" with pteron meaning "wing". [2] The type species was designated in 1930 by E. C. Stuart Baker as the scaly laughingthrush. [3] [4]
The genus contains the following 19 species: [5]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Brown-capped laughingthrush | Trochalopteron austeni | Patkai range, India |
 | Scaly laughingthrush | Trochalopteron subunicolor | Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Vietnam. |
 | Streaked laughingthrush | Trochalopteron lineatum | Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, and Tajikistan. |
 | Striped laughingthrush | Trochalopteron virgatum | Patkai range, India |
 | Blue-winged laughingthrush | Trochalopteron squamatum | Eastern Himalaya, Yunnan, Myanmar and Laos |
 | Variegated laughingthrush | Trochalopteron variegatum | Bhutan, India, Nepal and Tibet. |
 | Black-faced laughingthrush | Trochalopteron affine | eastern Nepal eastwards to Arunachal Pradesh in India and further to Myanmar, along with Bhutan and southeastern Tibet. |
 | Elliot's laughingthrush | Trochalopteron elliotii | central China and far northeastern India. |
| Brown-cheeked laughingthrush | Trochalopteron henrici | southwestern China and northeastern India | |
 | White-whiskered laughingthrush | Trochalopteron morrisonianum | Taiwan. |
 | Chestnut-crowned laughingthrush | Trochalopteron erythrocephalum | Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal. |
 | Collared laughingthrush | Trochalopteron yersini | Vietnam. |
 | Red-tailed laughingthrush | Trochalopteron milnei | China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. |
 | Red-winged laughingthrush | Trochalopteron formosum | China (Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces) and north-west Vietnam. |
 | Bhutan laughingthrush | Trochalopteron imbricatum | Bhutan and some adjoining areas in India. |
 | Assam laughingthrush | Trochalopteron chrysopterum | Northeast India and adjacent southwest China and Myanmar. |
 | Silver-eared laughingthrush | Trochalopteron melanostigma | southern Yunnan, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. |
 | Golden-winged laughingthrush | Trochalopteron ngoclinhense | Vietnam. |
 | Malayan laughingthrush | Trochalopteron peninsulae | southern Thailand and peninsular Malaysia. |
Two species that were formerly included in this genus have been moved to Montecincla based on phylogenetic studies that showed them to be more distantly related to the Trochalopteron clade than to a clade formed by species in the genera Leiothrix, Actinodura, Minla, Crocias and Heterophasia. [6]
Galloperdix is a genus of three species of bird in the pheasant family, Phasianidae. These terrestrial birds are restricted to the Indian Subcontinent, with the red spurfowl and painted spurfowl in forest and scrub in India, and the Sri Lanka spurfowl in forests of Sri Lanka. They share the common name "spurfowl" with the members of the genus Pternistis which are widely distributed in Africa.
The watercock is a waterbird in the rail and crake family, Rallidae that is widely distributed across Southeast Asia. It is the only member of the genus Gallicrex.
Chrysocolaptes is a genus of birds in the woodpecker family Picidae that are found in South and Southeast Asia.
The red spurfowl is a member of the pheasant family and is endemic to India. It is a bird of forests, and is quite secretive despite its size. It has a distinctive call and is often hard to see except for a few seconds when it flushes from the undergrowth. It appears reddish and like a long-tailed partridge. The bare skin around the eye is reddish. The legs of both males and females have one or two spurs, which give them their name.
Dumetia is a genus of passerine birds in the Old World babbler family Timaliidae that are found in India and Sri Lanka.
The dark-fronted babbler is an Old World babbler found in the Western Ghats of India and the forests of Sri Lanka. They are small chestnut brown birds with a dark black cap, a whitish underside and pale yellow iris. They forage in flocks in the undergrowth of forests constantly making calls and uttering alarm calls when disturbed.
The Nilgiri laughingthrush is a species of laughingthrush endemic to the high elevation areas of the Nilgiris and adjoining hill ranges in Peninsular India. The mostly rufous underparts, olive brown upperparts, a prominent white eyebrow and a black throat make it unmistakable. It is easily detected by its loud series of nasal call notes and can be hard to spot when it is hidden away inside a patch of dense vegetation. The species has a confusing taxonomic history, leading to a range of names. In the past the species was considered to have two subspecies, the nominate form in the Nilgiris and jerdoni with a grey upper breast and found in the Brahmagiris of Coorg and Banasura range of Wayanad. They are omnivorous, feeding on a range of insects, berries and nectar.
The black-headed greenfinch is a small passerine bird in the family Fringillidae. It is found in the Chinese province of Yunnan, northern Laos, eastern Myanmar and adjacent areas of Vietnam, Thailand and Northeast India. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
Chrysomma is a songbird genus. It is quite closely related to the parrotbills, and is therefore a member of the family Paradoxornithidae.
Cyornis is a genus of birds in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae most of which are native to Southeast Asia.
The Palani laughingthrush is a species of laughingthrush endemic to the hills of the Western Ghats south of the Palghat Gap in Southern India. Found in the high montane forests, this grey bibbed, rufous bellied bird with a prominent dark eyestripe and broad white brow was grouped along with the grey-breasted subspecies of the black-chinned laughingthrush and known as the grey-breasted laughingthrush. This species is found in the Palni Hills while another closely related form, the Ashambu laughingthrush with a shorter white brow is found in the high hills south of the Achankovil Gap and was treated as a subspecies. The two forms were together treated under the name of Kerala laughingthrush.
The rufous-chinned laughingthrush is a bird species in the family Leiothrichidae. It ranges across the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent and some parts of Southeast Asia.
Blythipicus is a genus of birds in the woodpecker family Picidae that are found in Southeast Asia.
Calendulauda is a genus of lark in the family Alaudidae. Established by Edward Blyth in 1855, it contains eight species.
The red-tailed laughingthrush is a species of bird in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae. It is found in the montane forests of Myanmar, Laos, southern China and central Vietnam
The laughingthrushes are a family, Leiothrichidae, of Old World passerine birds. The family contains 133 species which are divided into 16 genera. They are diverse in size and coloration. These are birds of tropical areas, with the greatest variety in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. The entire family used to be included in the Old World babbler family Timaliidae.
Rubigula is a genus of Asian passerine birds in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
Montecincla is a genus of passerine birds in the family Leiothrichidae. All four species in this genus are endemic to “sky islands” in the Western Ghats mountain range of southwestern India, generally above 1,200m elevation.
The Banasura laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in shola habitat in a small section of the Western Ghats in southwestern Karnataka and northern Kerala. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the black-chinned laughingthrush.
Laticilla is a genus of small passerine birds in the family Pellorneidae. Members of the genus are found in Pakistan, Nepal, India and Bangladesh.
