| Calandrella | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Greater short-toed lark (Calandrella brachydactyla) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Alaudidae |
| Genus: | Calandrella Kaup, 1829 |
| Type species | |
| Alauda brachydactyla Leisler, 1814 | |
| Species | |
see text | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Calandrella is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae.
The genus Calandrella was established by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the greater short-toed lark as the type species. [1] The genus name is a diminutive of Ancient Greek kalandros, the calandra lark. [2] Four of the species in the genus use the shortened name of short-toed lark as an alternate name.
Six species are recognized in the genus: [3]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Calandrella acutirostris | Hume's short-toed lark | from Iran and Kazakhstan to China. |
 | Calandrella dukhunensis | Mongolian short-toed lark | China and Mongolia |
 | Calandrella blanfordi | Blanford's lark | northeast Africa and Arabia |
| Calandrella eremica | Rufous-capped lark | southwestern Arabia and Somaliland. | |
 | Calandrella cinerea | Red-capped lark | Ethiopia and Somaliland |
 | Calandrella brachydactyla | Greater short-toed lark | southern edge of the Sahara and India |
At least one fossil species is included in this genus:
Some authorities have classified the following species as belonging to the genus Calandrella:
The greater short-toed lark is a small passerine bird. The current scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus name, Calandrella, is a diminutive of kalandros, the calandra lark, and brachydactila is from brakhus, "short", and daktulos, "toe".
The Mediterraneanshort-toed lark is a small passerine bird found in and around the Mediterranean Basin. It is a common bird with a very wide range from Canary Islands north to the Iberian Peninsula and east throughout North Africa to parts of the Middle East. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Alauda is a genus of larks found across much of Europe, Asia and in the mountains of north Africa, and one of the species endemic to the islet of Raso in the Cape Verde Islands. Further, at least two additional species are known from the fossil record. The current genus name is from Latin alauda, "lark". Pliny the Elder thought the word was originally of Celtic origin.
The sand lark is a small passerine bird in the lark family, Alaudidae, found in southern Asia. It is somewhat similar to, but smaller than the short-toed larks.
The Somali lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae endemic to Somalia.
The pink-billed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae found in southern Africa. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.
Spizocorys is a genus of African larks in the family Alaudidae found in southern and eastern Africa.
Botha's lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae.
The Obbia lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in central Somalia, where it is endemic. Its natural habitat is sub-tropical or tropical dry shrubland.
The masked lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in Ethiopia and Kenya. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.
Sclater's lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in Namibia and South Africa. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Hume's short-toed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in south-central Asia from Iran and Kazakhstan to China.
The Asian short-toed lark is a lark in the family Alaudidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1871. It is found from south-central to eastern Asia.
The Somali short-toed lark is a small passerine bird of the lark family found in eastern and north-eastern Africa.
Certhilauda is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae living in the southern regions of Africa. The genus was formerly named Heterocorys.
Stark's lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. Its natural habitats are dry savannah and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. Captain George Shelley named the species in honour of Arthur Stark.
Erlanger's lark is a small passerine bird of the lark family endemic to the highlands of Ethiopia. The name of this bird commemorates the German ornithologist Carlo von Erlanger.
The Athi short-toed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in southern Kenya and northern Tanzania.
The Mongolian short-toed lark or Sykes's short-toed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It breeds in China and Mongolia and winters in southern Asia.
The Turkestan short-toed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in Ukraine and central Turkey through parts of Central Asia and southern Siberia west to south-central Mongolia and south to southern Afghanistan. This species and the Mediterranean short-toed lark were formerly considered conspecific and called the lesser short-toed lark, but a 2020 study recovered them as distinct species.
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