Calandrella

Calandrella
Greater short-toed lark (Calandrella brachydactyla)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Alaudidae
Genus:	Calandrella Kaup, 1829
Type species
Alauda brachydactyla Leisler, 1814
Species
see text
Synonyms
Tephrocorys

Calandrella is a genus of larks in the family Alaudidae.

Taxonomy and systematics

The genus Calandrella was established by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829 with the greater short-toed lark as the type species. ^[1] The genus name is a diminutive of Ancient Greek kalandros, the calandra lark. ^[2] Four of the species in the genus use the shortened name of short-toed lark as an alternate name.

Extant species

Six species are recognized in the genus: ^[3]

Image	Scientific name	Common name	Distribution
	Calandrella acutirostris	Hume's short-toed lark	from Iran and Kazakhstan to China.
	Calandrella dukhunensis	Mongolian short-toed lark	China and Mongolia
	Calandrella blanfordi	Blanford's lark	northeast Africa and Arabia
	Calandrella eremica	Rufous-capped lark	southwestern Arabia and Somaliland.
	Calandrella cinerea	Red-capped lark	Ethiopia and Somaliland
	Calandrella brachydactyla	Greater short-toed lark	southern edge of the Sahara and India

Extinct species

At least one fossil species is included in this genus:

• †Calandrella gali (late Miocene of Polgardi, Hungary) ^[4]

Former species

Some authorities have classified the following species as belonging to the genus Calandrella:

• Buckley's lark (as Calandrella buckleyi) ^[5]
• Obbia lark (as Calandrella obbiensis) ^[6]
• Sclater's lark (as Calandrella sclateri) ^[7]
• Stark's lark (as Calandrella starki) ^[8]
• Masked lark (as Calandrella personata) ^[9]
• Botha's lark (as Calandrella fringillaris) ^[10]
• Pink-billed Lark (as Calandrella conirostris) ^[11]
• Raso lark (as Calandrella razae) ^[12]
• Athi short-toed lark (as Calandrella athensis) ^[13]
• Asian short-toed lark (as Calandrella cheleensis) ^[14]
• Kazakhstan lesser short-toed lark (as Calandrella leucophaea) ^[15]
• Somali short-toed lark (as Calandrella somalica) ^[16]
• Sand lark (as Calandrella raytal) ^[17]

References

1. Kaup, Johann Jakob (1829). Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte und natürliches System der europäischen Thierwelt (in German). Vol. c. 1. Darmstadt: Carl Wilhelm Leske. p. 39.
2. Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p.  84. ISBN   978-1-4081-2501-4.
3. "Nicators, reedling & larks « IOC World Bird List". www.worldbirdnames.org. Retrieved 2016-12-06.
4. Kessler, E. 2013. Neogene songbirds (Aves, Passeriformes) from Hungary. – Hantkeniana, Budapest, 2013, 8: 37-149.
5. "Mirafra rufocinnamomea buckleyi - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
6. "Spizocorys obbiensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
7. "Spizocorys sclateri - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
8. "Spizocorys starki - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-02.
9. "Spizocorys personata - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
10. "Spizocorys fringillaris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-04.
11. "Spizocorys conirostris - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-16.
12. "Alauda razae - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-05.
13. "Alaudala athensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-19.
14. "Alaudala cheleensis - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-19.
15. "Alaudala cheleensis leucophaea - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-19.
16. "Alaudala somalica - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-20.
17. "Alaudala raytal - Avibase". avibase.bsc-eoc.org. Retrieved 2016-12-21.