| Garrulax | |
|---|---|
 | |
| White-crested laughingthrush (Garrulax leucolophus) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Leiothrichidae |
| Genus: | Garrulax Lesson, 1831 |
| Type species | |
| Garrulax belangeri [1] Lesson, 1831 | |
| Species | |
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
Garrulax is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae.
The genus Garrulax was erected by the French naturalist René Lesson in 1831. [2] The type species was designated in 1961 as the rufous-fronted laughingthrush (Garrulax rufifrons). [3]
The genus previously included more species. Following the publication of a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study in 2018, Garrulax was split up and species were moved to the resurrected genera Ianthocincla and Pterorhinus . [4] [5]
Garrulax species are heavily traded as songbirds. A survey of eight bird markets in Indonesia, carried out in 2014–2015, found 615 laughingthrushes of nine species openly for sale. [6] Much of the trade in these species in Indonesia is illegal and is pushing a number of these species towards extinction. [7] The Sumatran Laughingthrush, for example, is in serious decline due to ongoing and uncontrolled illegal trade in bird markets on the islands of Java and Sumatra, and is increasingly found in international trade, though in lower numbers. [8]
The genus contains the following 14 species: [5]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Lesser necklaced laughingthrush | Garrulax monileger | Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam. |
| Rufous-fronted laughingthrush | Garrulax rufifrons | Java | |
 | White-crested laughingthrush | Garrulax leucolophus | India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, China, Vietnam, and Thailand. |
| Black-hooded laughingthrush | Garrulax milleti | Laos and Vietnam. | |
 | Sumatran laughingthrush | Garrulax bicolor | Sumatra |
 | White-necked laughingthrush | Garrulax strepitans | Yunnan, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand. |
| Cambodian laughingthrush | Garrulax ferrarius | Cambodia. | |
| Grey laughingthrush | Garrulax maesi | southern China | |
| Rufous-cheeked laughingthrush | Garrulax castanotis | China, Laos, and Vietnam. | |
 | Sunda laughingthrush | Garrulax palliatus | Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia |
 | Chinese hwamei | Garrulax canorus | south-eastern and central China and in northern and central Vietnam and Laos. |
 | Taiwan hwamei | Garrulax taewanus | Taiwan |
 | Spot-breasted laughingthrush | Garrulax merulinus | Yunnan, Northeast India, Laos, Myanmar, north-west Thailand, and northern Vietnam. |
 | Orange-breasted laughingthrush | Garrulax annamensis | Vietnam |
The bare-headed laughingthrush is a species of bird in the Old World babbler family Timaliidae. It is endemic to highland forests at elevations of 750–1,800 m (2,460–5,910 ft) in the mountain ranges of north-central Borneo, along with some outlying peaks. It is 25–26 cm (9.8–10.2 in) long, with both sexes similar in appearance. The head is brownish to greenish yellow and featherless. The area along the lower mandible has a bluish tinge. The rest of the body is dull blackish-brown tinged with grey. Juveniles have more feathers on the head, extending from the forehead to the crown.
The black-throated laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It occurs as an introduced species in Hong Kong. Based on a combination of strong morphological and genetic evidence, the subspecies on Hainan Island is treated as a distinct species by some authors, Swinhoe's laughingthrush.
The moustached laughingthrush is a species of passerine bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in China, India, and Myanmar where its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The yellow-throated laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in grassy areas with bushes and trees, scrub and forest in the Patkai mountain range. Until recently, it included the blue-crowned laughingthrush as a subspecies, but unlike that species the crown of the yellow-throated laughingthrush is pale grey.
The rufous-vented laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest.
The chestnut-eared laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Vietnam and possibly Laos.
The barred laughingthrush is a passerine bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is endemic to central China where its natural habitat is temperate forests.
The giant laughingthrush is a bird species in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in central China and far northern India and Myanmar. Its natural habitat is temperate forests.
The chestnut-capped laughingthrush, also known as the spectacled laughingthrush, is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Sumatra (Indonesia) and the Thai-Malay Peninsula. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. The chestnut-hooded laughingthrush was previously considered a subspecies.
The chestnut-backed laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Northeast India and northern Myanmar. This species inhabits secondary growth, thickets, tall grasslands with scattered shrubs or dense bushes in stony scrub-covered ravines and hills, from the lowlands up to around 900 metres (3,000 ft). It is threatened by habitat loss.
The spotted laughingthrush is a bird species in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, and Nepal. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The rufous-necked laughingthrush is a bird species in the laughingthrush family, Leiothrichidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar and Nepal, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. Little study was done on this species due to its abundance and lack of interest in its conservation.
The striated laughingthrush is a passerine bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It was at one time placed in the genus Garrulax but following the publication of a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study in 2018, it was moved to be the only species in the resurrected genus Grammatoptila.
The snowy-cheeked laughingthrush, also known as Sukatschev's laughingthrush, is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is endemic to northern China where its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
The white-cheeked laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
The Sumatran laughingthrush, also known as the black-and-white laughingthrush, is a member of the family Leiothrichidae. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of the white-crested laughingthrush, but unlike that species the plumage of the Sumatran laughingthrush is blackish-brown and white.
Argya is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae. The species are distributed across Africa and southern Asia and are typically fairly large, long-tailed birds that forage in noisy groups. Members of this genus were formerly placed in the genera Turdoides and Garrulax.
The rufous-crowned laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is endemic to Taiwan. It was previously considered conspecific with the white-throated laughingthrush, P. albogularis.
The buffy laughingthrush, also known as the chestnut-winged laughingthrush is a species of bird in the family Leiothrichidae. It is found in the Chinese mainland. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the rusty laughingthrush, P. poecilorhynchus; a species restricted to Taiwan following the split. Compared to the rusty laughingthrush, the buffy laughingthrush has paler grey underparts, more contrasting rufous wings, broader white tips to the tail, and distinct black lores.
Pterorhinus is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae.
| Authority control databases: National |
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