Poecile | |
---|---|
Willow tit, Poecile montanus | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Paridae |
Genus: | Poecile Kaup, 1829 |
Type species | |
Parus palustris Linnaeus, 1758 | |
Species | |
see text |
Poecile is a genus of birds in the tit family Paridae. It contains 15 species, which are scattered across North America, Europe and Asia; the North American species are the chickadees. In the past, most authorities retained Poecile as a subgenus within the genus Parus , but treatment as a distinct genus, initiated by the American Ornithologists Union, is now widely accepted. [1] This is supported by mtDNA cytochrome b sequence analysis. [2]
The genus Poecile was erected by the German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1829. [3] The type species was subsequently designated as the marsh tit (Poecile palustris) by English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1842. [4] [5] The name Poecile is from Ancient Greek poikilos "colourful". A related word poikilidos denoted an unidentified small bird. [6] It has traditionally been treated as feminine (giving name endings such as cincta); however, this was not specified by the original genus author Johann Jakob Kaup, and under the ICZN the genus name must therefore be treated by default as masculine, giving name endings such as cinctus. [1]
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Phylogeny of the Poecile based on Tritsch et al. 2017. [7] |
The genus includes the following fifteen species: [8]
Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|
White-browed tit | Poecile superciliosus | central China and Tibet. | |
Sombre tit | Poecile lugubris | southeast Europe and southwest Asia | |
Grey-headed chickadee (North American name) or Siberian tit (European name) | Poecile cinctus | subarctic Scandinavia and northern Asia, and also into North America in Alaska and the far northwest of Canada | |
Chestnut-backed chickadee | Poecile rufescens | Pacific Northwest of the United States and western Canada, from southern Alaska to southwestern California | |
Boreal chickadee | Poecile hudsonicus | Canada, Alaska, and northernmost portions of the lower 48 United States | |
Mexican chickadee | Poecile sclateri | Mexico | |
Carolina chickadee | Poecile carolinensis | United States from New Jersey west to southern Kansas and south to Florida and Texas | |
Black-capped chickadee | Poecile atricapillus | Across North America, from New England to Newfoundland in the east, and from Washington to Alaska in the west | |
Mountain chickadee | Poecile gambeli | western United States | |
Père David's tit | Poecile davidi | central China in southern Gansu, western Hubei, southern Shaanxi and Sichuan | |
Black-bibbed tit | Poecile hypermelaenus | central and eastern China to southeast Tibet and western Myanmar. | |
Marsh tit | Poecile palustris | temperate Europe and northern Asia | |
Sichuan tit | Poecile weigoldicus | central China | |
Caspian tit | Poecile hyrcanus | northern Iran, just extending into Azerbaijan. | |
Willow tit | Poecile montanus | temperate and subarctic Europe and northern Asia | |
The willow tit is a passerine bird in the tit family, Paridae. It is a widespread and common resident breeder throughout temperate and subarctic Europe and across the Palearctic. The plumage is grey-brown and off-white with a black cap and bib. It is more of a conifer specialist than the closely related marsh tit, which explains it breeding much further north. It is resident, and most birds do not migrate.
The grey-headed chickadee or Siberian tit, formerly Parus cinctus, is a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. It is a widespread resident breeder throughout subarctic Scandinavia and the northern Palearctic, and also into North America in Alaska and the far northwest of Canada. It is a conifer specialist. It is resident, and most birds do not migrate. Curiously, the bird has no grey on its head, which is black, white, and brown.
The Mexican chickadee is a small songbird, a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. It is still often placed in the genus Parus with most other tits, but mtDNA cytochrome b sequence data and morphology suggest that separating Poecile more adequately expresses these birds' relationships. The American Ornithologists' Union had been treating Poecile as distinct genus for some time already.
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