B3GAT2

B3GAT2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2D0J
Identifiers
Aliases	B3GAT2 , GLCATS, beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 607497 MGI: 2389490 HomoloGene: 50574 GeneCards: B3GAT2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human) [1] Band 6q13 Start 70,856,679 bp [1] End 70,957,060 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1|1 A5 Start 23,800,834 bp [2] End 23,888,239 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in entorhinal cortex ganglionic eminence pons Brodmann area 46 postcentral gyrus hippocampus proper endothelial cell corpus callosum secondary oocyte superior frontal gyrus Top expressed in proximal tubule urethra kidney superior frontal gyrus neural tube tongue cerebellar cortex secondary oocyte spermatocyte esophagus More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity metal ion binding galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane Golgi apparatus membrane Golgi membrane Biological process glycosaminoglycan metabolic process protein glycosylation chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process chondroitin sulfate metabolic process carbohydrate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 135152 280645 Ensembl ENSG00000112309 ENSMUSG00000026156 UniProt Q9NPZ5 P59270 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_080742 NM_172124 RefSeq (protein) NP_542780 NP_742122 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 70.86 – 70.96 Mb Chr 1: 23.8 – 23.89 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the B3GAT2 gene. ^{[5] [6]}

The product of this gene is a transmembrane protein belonging to the glucuronyltransferase family, and catalyzes the transfer of a beta-1,3 linked glucuronic acid to a terminal galactose in different glycoproteins or glycolipids containing a Gal-beta-1-4GlcNAc or Gal-beta-1-3GlcNAc residue. The encoded protein is involved in the synthesis of the human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate epitope, a sulfated trisaccharide implicated in cellular migration and adhesion in the nervous system. ^[6]

Use of HNK-1 Antibody for Neural Crest Research

Antibodies raised against the HNK-1 epitope have played a large role in studies of the neural crest, especially in the avian embryo. ^[7] The first antibody raised against this epitope was NC-1, ^[8] which permitted much easier analyses of neural crest migration pathways. In avians, and especially in other vertebrates, the results of HNK-1 staining should be interpreted with caution as the epitope is not unique to the neural crest.

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000112309 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026156 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Imiya K, Ishizaki T, Seiki T, Saito F, Inazawa J, Oka S, Kawasaki T (Oct 2002). "cDNA cloning, genomic structure and chromosomal mapping of the mouse glucuronyltransferase-S involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope". Gene. 296 (1–2): 29–36. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00840-5. PMID   12383500.
6. "Entrez Gene: B3GAT2 beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 2 (glucuronosyltransferase S)".
7. Bronner-Fraser M (May 1986). "Analysis of the early stages of trunk neural crest migration in avian embryos using monoclonal antibody HNK-1". Dev. Biol. 115 (1): 44–55. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(86)90226-5. PMID   3516760.
8. Vincent M, Thiery JP (June 1984). "A cell surface marker for neural crest and placodal cells: further evolution in peripheral and central nervous system". Dev. Biol. 103 (2): 468–81. doi:10.1016/0012-1606(84)90334-8. PMID   6202575.

External links

• Human B3GAT2 genome location and B3GAT2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .
• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 2 (B3GAT2)

Further reading

• Nagase T, Kikuno R, Ohara O (2002). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XXII. The complete sequences of 50 new cDNA clones which code for large proteins". DNA Res. 8 (6): 319–27. doi: 10.1093/dnares/8.6.319 . PMID   11853319.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Marcos I, Galán JJ, Borrego S, Antiñolo G (2003). "Cloning, characterization, and chromosome mapping of the human GlcAT-S gene". J. Hum. Genet. 47 (12): 677–80. doi: 10.1007/s100380200103 . PMID   12522689.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature. 425 (6960): 805–11. Bibcode:2003Natur.425..805M. doi: 10.1038/nature02055 . PMID   14574404.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID   14702039.
• Kakuda S, Oka S, Kawasaki T (2004). "Purification and characterization of two recombinant human glucuronyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate in Escherichia coli". Protein Expr. Purif. 35 (1): 111–9. doi:10.1016/j.pep.2003.12.021. PMID   15039073.
• Kakuda S, Sato Y, Tonoyama Y, et al. (2005). "Different acceptor specificities of two glucuronyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate". Glycobiology. 15 (2): 203–10. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwi001 . PMID   15470230.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC   1356129 . PMID   16344560.
• Shiba T, Kakuda S, Ishiguro M, et al. (2006). "Crystal structure of GlcAT-S, a human glucuronyltransferase, involved in the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope". Proteins. 65 (2): 499–508. doi:10.1002/prot.21118. PMID   16897771. S2CID   31290955.